Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in IndonesiaCambridge University Press, 2004 - 278 pagina's Since 1998, which marked the end of the thirty-three-year New Order regime under President Suharto, there has been a dramatic increase in ethnic conflict and violence in Indonesia. In his innovative and persuasive account, Jacques Bertrand argues that conflicts in Maluku, Kalimantan, Aceh, Papua, and East Timur were a result of the New Order's narrow and constraining reinterpretation of Indonesia's 'national model'. The author shows how, at the end of the 1990s, this national model came under intense pressure at the prospect of institutional transformation, a reconfiguration of ethnic relations, and an increase in the role of Islam in Indonesia's political institutions. It was within the context of these challenges, that the very definition of the Indonesian nation and what it meant to be Indonesian came under scrutiny. The book sheds light on the roots of religious and ethnic conflict at a turning point in Indonesia's history. |
Inhoudsopgave
Introduction | 1 |
A historical institutionalist explanation | 3 |
Critical junctures nationalism and ethnic violence | 9 |
Explaining ethnic violence | 10 |
Nationalism and ethnic conflict | 15 |
Critical junctures institutions and national models | 20 |
The national model and its institutional history | 28 |
The rise of Indonesian nationalism | 30 |
Islamization and the struggle for government positions | 118 |
The impact of migration | 121 |
The eruption of violence | 123 |
The Wahid presidency and the spread of violence | 129 |
Late integration into the nation East Timor and Irian Jaya Papua | 135 |
The integration that never was | 136 |
Irian Jaya Papua | 144 |
Acehs ethnonationalist conflict | 161 |
The crisis of the late 1950s and the establishment of the New Order | 34 |
The end of the New Order and the era of political reform | 40 |
Exclusion marginality and the nation | 45 |
Marginality and conflict in Kalimantan | 47 |
Chinese Indonesians as nonpribumi | 59 |
Islam and nation The MuslimChristian dimension | 72 |
The New Orders management of religion | 74 |
Representation in the New Orders institutions | 80 |
The Islamization of the New Order | 83 |
The escalation of religious conflict | 90 |
The riots | 94 |
Suhartos fall and the intensification of religious conflict | 102 |
Compromise among Muslims and the presidency of Abdurrahman Wahid | 105 |
Sources of religious conflict | 109 |
Conflict in Maluku | 114 |
Ambon and Maluku in the Indonesian Republic | 115 |
The Indonesian revolution and Acehs first rebellion | 163 |
The New Order and the emergence of the Free Aceh Movement | 168 |
Democratization and mobilization in favor of independence | 173 |
Coercion wideranging autonomy and democracy | 182 |
Autonomy as a solution to ethnic conflict | 184 |
Autonomy and its effects on ethnic conflict | 186 |
Unitary state autonomy and federalism | 188 |
Centralization and authoritarian control under the New Order | 191 |
A new direction | 200 |
Autonomy and the prevention of ethnic violence in Indonesia | 210 |
Unity in diversity | 214 |
Notes | 224 |
Glossary | 250 |
Bibliography | 258 |
270 | |
Overige edities - Alles bekijken
Veelvoorkomende woorden en zinsdelen
abangan Aceh Acehnese Ambon Ambon city Ambonese archipelago areas armed forces became began central government Central Kalimantan Chinese Indonesians Christians and Muslims colonial communist communities constituted context created critical juncture cultural Darul Islam Dayaks Democracy democratic district Dutch East Timor economic elections elite ethnic conflict ethnic groups ethnic relations ethnic violence ethnonationalist federal Fretilin Gatra Golkar governor grievances Habibie Human Rights ICMI implementation incident included independence Indonesian government Indonesian nation Inpres Interview Irian Jaya Islamic Jakarta Java Javanese Jayapura large number leaders Madurese Maluku marginalized Masyumi Megawati migrants military mobilization movement Muslim nationalist negotiations North Maluku Order regime organizations Pancasila Papuans policies political institutions population positions president principles province rebellion referendum regions religion religious represented Republic revenues riots role special autonomy strong Suharto Sukarno Sulawesi Tempo 28 tensions terms of inclusion Timorese tion transmigration ulama unitary unity villages Wahid West Kalimantan