A Computational Theory of Writing SystemsCambridge University Press, 3 jul 2000 - 236 pagina's This innovative book develops a formal computational theory of writing systems and relates it to psycholingui stic results. Drawing on case studies of writing systems around the world, it offers specific proposals about the linguistic objects that are represented by orthographic elements and the formal constraints that hold of the mapping relation between them. Based on the insights gained, it posits a new taxonomy of writing systems. The book will be of interest to students and researchers in theoretical and computational linguistics, the psycholinguistics of reading and writing, and speech technology. |
Inhoudsopgave
Reading Devices | 1 |
A Brief Introduction | 2 |
A Model | 6 |
122 Formal Definitions | 11 |
1222 Definitions | 13 |
1223 Axioms | 14 |
1231 Regularity | 16 |
1232 Consistency | 19 |
3A3 Rules for the Shallow ORL | 129 |
Linguistic Elements | 131 |
A Brief Overview | 132 |
412 Sampson | 133 |
413 DeFrancis | 134 |
4132 All Full Writing Is Phonographic | 135 |
414 A New Proposal | 139 |
415 Summary | 143 |
124 Further Issues | 20 |
1241 Why a Constrained Theory of Writing Systems? | 21 |
1242 Orthography and the Segmental Assumption | 23 |
13 Terminology and Conventions | 25 |
An Overview of FiniteState Automata and Transducers | 29 |
1A2 Regular Relations and FiniteState Transducers | 30 |
Regularity | 34 |
21 Planar Regular Languages and Planar Regular Relations | 35 |
22 The Locality Hypothesis | 41 |
Examples | 42 |
231 Korean Hankul | 43 |
232 Devanagari | 45 |
233 Pahawh Hmong | 47 |
234 Chinese | 48 |
235 A Counterexample from Ancient Egyptian | 54 |
24 CrossWritingSystem Variation in the SLU | 55 |
Text Direction | 59 |
2A Sample Chinese Characters and Their Analyses | 62 |
ORL Depth and Consistency | 67 |
311 Vowel Reduction | 68 |
312 Regressive Palatalization | 73 |
313 Lexical Marking in Russian and Other Issues | 76 |
314 Summary of Russian and Belarusian | 79 |
33 The Orthographic Representation of SerboCroatian Consonant Devoicing | 89 |
331 Methods and Materials | 91 |
332 Results | 92 |
34 Cyclicity in Orthography | 95 |
35 Surface Orthographic Constraints | 96 |
3A English Deep and Shallow ORLs | 99 |
3A2 Rules for the Deep ORL | 127 |
42 Chinese Writing | 144 |
43 Japanese Writing | 154 |
44 Some Further Examples | 160 |
442 Reduplication Markers | 161 |
443 Cancellation Signs | 162 |
Psycholinguistic Evidence | 163 |
51 Multiple Routes and the Orthographic Depth Hypothesis | 165 |
511 Evidence for the Orthographic Depth Hypothesis | 168 |
512 Evidence against the Orthographic Depth Hypothesis | 170 |
52 Shallow Processing in Deep Orthographies | 171 |
522 Phonological Access in Japanese | 173 |
523 Evidence for the Function of Phonetic Components in Chinese | 175 |
524 Summary | 176 |
The SeidenbergMcClelland Model | 178 |
531 Outline of the Model | 179 |
532 What Is Wrong with the Model? | 181 |
54 Summary | 184 |
Further Issues | 185 |
The Case of Dutch | 192 |
621 The 1954 Spelling Rules | 193 |
622 The 1995 Spelling Rules | 195 |
Numerical Notation and Its Relation to Number Names | 197 |
64 Abbreviatory Devices | 204 |
65 NonBloomfieldian Views on Writing | 207 |
66 Postscript | 210 |
References | 215 |
225 | |
232 | |
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abbreviations akan'je alphabet analysis assume basic Belarusian Big5 boustrophedon catenation catenation operator chán Chinese characters Chinese writing complex computational consistent consonant constraints corresponding deep ORL DeFrancis denote Devanagari discussion disyllabic morphemes elements encoding English errors evidence example Figure formal given glottographic glyphs graphemes homophonous Horodeck instance involves Japanese kokuji letter sequences lexical access lexical marking lexical stress linguistic representation logographic Manx mapping MEncode MORL→r morpheme morphological Note noun number name obstruent orthographic representation Pahawh palatalized palatalized consonant PHON phonetic component phonographic phonological phonological information phonological representation plural presented pronounced pronunciation psycholinguistic readers reading regular languages regular relations represent route Russian and Belarusian Sampson script Section segmental Seidenberg and McClelland semantic radical semantic-phonetic Serbo-Croatian shallow ORL specific spelling rules Sproat string syllable symbols SYNSEM term theory TTS system underlying vigesimal voicing vowel vowel reduction words writing systems written form