Regional and Urban Economics

agglomeration economies allocation alternative analysis assumed assumption benefits bid-rent function CALIFORNIA/SANTA CRUZ capital centre changes competitive congestion constraints consumption curve decisions demand density density gradient differentials diffusion diffusion of innovations distance distribution econometric effects efficiency employment equation equilibrium exports externalities factor favour firms flows gradient growth rate growth-pole hierarchy higher homogeneous households impact implies important increase individual industries infrastructure innovation input input-output models interregional investment labour linear programming location theory marginal marginal costs market area maximize measure ment metropolitan migration mobility neoclassical optimal output Pareto-efficient perfect competition pole policy-makers pollution population population density primate city problem production profits regional economics regional growth regional income regional policy relative rent result returns to scale sector social space economy spatial SRMC strategies structure sub-centres subsidies tend theory tion trade transport costs UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA/SANTA urban economics variables wages