Regional and Urban Economics

accounts activity agglomeration agglomeration economies alternative analysis approach areas assumed assumption attract base becomes benefits capital central centre changes common competitive concept controls costs countries critical curve decisions demand density depends determined differentials distance distribution economic effects efficiency employment equal equation equilibrium example exports externalities factor firms flows function given growth higher households housing impact implies important income increase individual industries influence input interregional investment labour land less major marginal maximize measure ment migration mobility objectives optimal output pattern planning political pollution population possible preferences problem production profits reasons reflect regional regional policy relative rent requires result returns scale sector social solution space spatial strategies structure subsidies suggested supply tend theory tion trade transport transport costs unit urban variables vary wages