Stimulants, Neurochemical, Behavioral, and Clinical Perspectives

action acute adenosine receptors agonists amine AMPH-induced amphetamine administration amphetamine psychosis amphetamine-induced animals apomorphine appears autoreceptor behavioral effects behavioral sensitization biochemical Brain Res caffeine catecholamine caudate nucleus cells central chronic amphetamine clinical cocaine cognitive cortex decrease dementia depression dextroamphetamine disorders dopamine receptor dopaminergic neurons doses of AMPH edited effects of amphetamine Ellinwood enhanced evidence function geriatric H-dopamine haloperidol high doses hyperactive children increased induced infusion inhibition inhibitory injection interaction L-DOPA L-PIA lesions levels locomotor activity locus coeruleus low doses mechanisms metabolism methylphenidate mg/kg monoamine motor neostriatal neostriatum neuronal activity neurotransmitter noradrenergic norepinephrine nucleus accumbens observed patients Pharmacol pharmacological phetamine pipradrol placebo presynaptic pretreatment produced Psychiatry psychomotor stimulant Psychopharmacology rat brain Raven Press release of dopamine reported reserpine response schizophrenia senile stereotyped behavior stereotypy stressors striatal striatum studies substantia nigra suggest symptoms synaptic synaptosomes syndrome terminal excitability Ther treatment uptake xanthines York