FROM

THE COMMENCEMENT OF

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

TO THE

RESTORATION OF THE BOURBONS

IN MDCCCXV

BY

ARCHIBALD ALISON, L.L.D.

F. R. S. E.

New Edition, with Portraits

VOL. II.

WILLIAM BLACKWOOD AND SONS
EDINBURGH AND LONDON

MDCCCXLIX

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

CHAPTER VI.

FORMATION OF A DEMOCRATIC CONSTITUTION.-FROM THE REVOLT AT VERSAILLES TO

THE CONCLUSION OF THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY.-OCT. 7, 1789-SEPT. 14, 1791.

1. Ruinous effects of the removal of the Assembly to Paris,

2. Duke of Orleans sent to England,

3. Retirement of Mounier and Lally Tollendal,

4. Tumult in Paris, and murder of François,

5. Decree against seditious mobs,

6. Fresh tumults,

Page

1

2

3

4

5

6

7. Virtual captivity of the royal family, and insults to which they are exposed, ib.

8. Anecdotes of the Dauphin, and serenity of the Queen,

7

9. Meeting of the Assembly and of the Jacobin Club in their new halls,

8

10. Trial and execution of the Marquis de Favras,

9

11. Division of France into departments, and municipal establishments,

13. Vast effects of these changes,

14. General excitement in the provinces,

15. Lowering of the elective franchise,

16. Lasting effects of these changes,

17. New hall of the Assembly, and introduction of the guillotine,

18. Inquiry at the court of the Châtelet into the outrages of 5th and 6th Oct.

19. Excessive embarrassment of the finances,

20. Argument of Talleyrand in favour of church spoliation,

12

13

14

15

16

17

24. Leads to the issuing of assignats and sale of the church property,

28. New modelling of the civil constitution of the church,

Robespierre's speech on the church establishment, note,

Ꭶ

Page

31. Mirabeau's speech in reply,

29

32. Discussion as to vesting right of making peace and war in the crown,

33. Mirabeau's speech in favour of the crown on this point,

30

31

34. Settlement on the crown,

32

35. Abolition of titles of honour,

ib.

40. And of armed pikemen in the towns,

36. Reflections on this change,

37. Military organisation,

38. Extraordinary difficulties experienced by the military in contending with
the people,

39. General establishment of national guards,

41. Fearful depreciation of assignats,

42. Argument of the Abbé Maury and Talleyrand against their further issue,

43. Mirabeau's argument in favour of the assignats,

44. Their rapid fall,

46. Particulars of the fête itself,

47. Accusation of the Duke of Orleans and Mirabeau,

48. Noble speech of Cazalès on this occasion,

49. Retirement of Necker,

50. Change of ministry,

51. Revolt at Metz and Nancy,

52. Character of M. de Bouillé,

53. Great difficulties of de Bouillé's situation,

54. Bouillé marches against Nancy,

55. Bloody action there,

56. Tumult in Paris, and proceedings in the Assembly,

58. New ecclesiastical oath. Its disastrous effects,

33

34

ib.

36

37

38

ib.

39

40

41

ib.

43

ib.

44

45

ib.

47

ib.

48

49

50

51

52

59. Reasons which led them to resist this oath,

54

60. Remarkable speech and prophecy of Cazalès on this occasion,

61. Noble conduct of the clergy in refusing the oath,

64. Clubs of Paris. Jacobins and Monarchiens,

65. Departure for Rome of the Princesses Adelaide and Victoria,

74. Changed views of the literary men in Paris on the Revolution,

69

75. Debate in the Assembly on the punishment of death, and Robespierre's

78. Preparations at Paris for the escape of the royal family,

73

79. Plans of the court,

75