putting infruction out of the queftion-we fall emit Lone of the Author's reafonings on this head. If we are uniformly and intirely material, our memoria Phyfiologift pretends that there ought to be a tota change a our body of criminal laws.- No man,' fays he · can wo juftice be executed for a murder that was committer res years ago. Nay, he adds, I might ftrike of nai that time, and lay ten years, and growing bolder as he proceeds—ir cofequence, we fuppofe, of his having more accurately comed the wear and tear of the corporeal machine-he air ac5, nay, I believe, I might fafely fay jeven years."—ter that term, he has accordingly computed that it will be impofitie to find the body that did the crime; as it is now icattered over the face of the earth, and is as incapable of being punies, if found, as it is impoffible to find it." Further, if it is only the intire material body that perceives, thinks, reasons, &c. then every bone, cartilage, and muscle, as well as the heart, lungs, and liver, &c. have each a part in the perceiving and thinking quality. Now, if this be the cafe," fays he, a man mult lofe part of his thinking principle, on lofing a leg;-but if he should happen to lose both his legs -and, perhaps an arm befides-or both-be ought to like buf, if not more than half, of his thinking principle: for he certainly will then have loft near half of his material frame !-If be was a fenûble man, prior to his amputation, he fhould confiftently afterwards not be above half as fenfible !-In this cafe, people should be cautious how they pared their nails, or cut their hair —left they loft, with their hair and nails, part of their reafon !' Forefceing however that Dr. Prieftley, thus driven from the bowels and extremities, will make a fnug retreat into the cranium, or rather the medullary fubftance of the brain, as the part poffeiled of the exclufive privilege of thinking; our alert Author, nothing difmayed, pursues him thither, and thus attacks him in the citadel. He tells a story of an officer, who, to his certain knowledge, had a piece of his skull, of above two inches long, and one broad, cut out of his head, by a ftroke of a broad fword, at the battle of Preiton pans, in the year 1745-(which piece of the fkull hung by a bit of fkin-and the officer carried it for years, in his purfe) and it was a truth publickly known, that a very large quantity of the brain came out at the wound-infomuch that his recovery greatly furprised every one who had heard of h fituation; for all the furgeons had declared they thought him past hope—yet he regained his perfect health-and was as fenfile as ever?—In fhort, this officer's foul, after his recovery,— owing, under God, to the care and great skill of his fur-> gcon, geon, a Mr. Trotter, who is now dead'] was as large, to all' appearance, as before the battle. Thefe fpecimens will be fully fufficient to enable the Reader to form a judgment of this Writer's metaphyfical acumen. We need, therefore, but barely to enumerate the remaining contents of this publication. Thefe are-An Examination of Dr. Priestley's arguments in fupport of his difbelief in the immateriality of man :-An Effay on Confcience, confidered as an instinctive fenfe of moral good and evil; in the course of which, as well as in various other parts of his work, the Author, who had in a former publication defigned himself under the signature of a Chriftian, lofes fight of one of the most distinguishing traits of that character, by throwing out many uncharitable and injurious imputations or fuggeftions against Dr. Pricftley :-Strictures on Dr. Hartley's theory-Thoughts on the origin of evil:-Proofs of Dr. Priestley's having contradicted the opinions of Dr. Hartley, in the Introductory Effays prefixed to his republication of Dr. Hartley's Obfervations:-And an Appendix, containing an Answer to Dr. Prieftley's Difquifitions on Matter and Spirit. ART. VI. The Hiftory and Management of the Eaft India Company, from its Origin in 100 to the prefent Times. Volume the Firit. Containing the Affairs of the Carnatic; in which the Rights of the Nabob are explained, and the Injustice of the Company proved. The whole compiled from authentic Records. 4to. 8 s. fewed. Cadell. 1779. AUDI alteram partem, could never be more properly addreffed, than to thofe who are inclined to form a hafty judgment of the late tranfactions in the Eaft Indies, from the partial reprefentations of interested advocates. Where the motives for mifrepresentation are fo exceedingly powerful, and where it is fo eafy to place actions and characters in any light that may happen to fuit the writer's purpofe, by means of a judicious felection of authorities from documents too voluminous to be often examined; it is not at all furprifing, that an ingenious apologist should be able to draw up a plausible defence of tranfactions not to be juftified; or that an equally ingenious opponent fhould be able to place the conduct of individuals, or bodies of men, in a light of difgrace and infamy which they do not deferve. Having often met with facts to justify these remarks, as we on a former occafion declined the free declaration of our opinion on the conduct of lord Pigot, fo we now think it right to decline pronouncing decifively on the conduct of the East India Company in the affair which is the principal fubject of the publication now before us, the reftoration of the kingdom of Tanjore to the Rajah. We shall therefore only lay before our Readers a fum mary mary view of the points maintained at large in this work; referring those who wish to form a decifive judgment on the queftion to the Author's arguments and authorities at large. After a clear, but general and concife account of the rife and progrefs of the European, and particularly the English, fettlements in the Eaft Indies, this Writer examines at large the conduct of the East India Company and their agents, principally in reference to the late tranfactions, Collecting into one view the facts and arguments which he had adduced, he fays; In the courfe of the preceding work, it has been proved, that the Company's fervants uniformly were confidered and owned themselves the fubjects of the Mogul, in all parts of that monarch's dominions, where they poffeffed settlements. That, efpecially in the Carnatic, when they took up arms, upon any occafion, they avowed that they only performed their duty, as fubjects of the Mogul empire, according to their original condition and tenure in the country and the fun, damental principles of the Mogul government. That they confidered and always acknowledged the Nabob of Arcot, as the mediate power, between them and the Mogul, to whom their allegiance and fupport was due, as faithful and approved fubjects. That they knew and owned, that Mahommed Ali, the present Nabob of the Carnatic, was the LAWFUL Nabob of that country, by the free and legal Saneds of the Mogul, as well as of his deputy, the viceroy of the Decan. That they looked upon the French Company, who had been established in the Carnatic, on the very fame footing with themselves, in the light of REBELS, for carrying on war against Mahommed Ali. That, in the perfon of their governor, Mr. Pigot, they fignified their wish to carry on their business, under that prince's protection, as they did under that of former Subadârs." That, upon the whole, as no revolution has happened in the Carnatic, po breach upon the legal appointment of Mahommed Ali, to the government of that country, the Company and their fervants ftill continue, in the fame relation to that Nabob, as they had uniformly flood with regard to his predeceffors and to himself. That, in the double capacity of subjects to Great Britain, and to the government of the country, where the fettlement is placed, the Company, neither had nor have any, right, to become principals in any war; and that they can only appear, as allies, auxiliaries or mercenaries. That in none of thefe characters, they have any right whatsoever to either the poffeffion or the difpofal of conquefts; and, that their claiming the one or arrogating the other is a violation of their duty, as subjects of Great Britain, as well as of the country government. To demonftrate the indifputed right of the Mogul to the Carnatic and all its dependencies, by conqueft, the hiftory of that country has been deduced from the earliest times. It has been proved, that, as early as the year 1310, a Gentoo prince reigned in the Carnatic, who was fevereign of the provinces of Canara, Myfore, Travancore, TANJORE, Marava, and Madura. That this prince, to defend him. felf against the incurfions of the Mabommedans, had built the city of Bigenagur, in the mountains, about eighty geometrical miles to the fouth-east of Goa. That this city, which gave its name to the king dom dom of which it was the capital, was attacked and taken, in the year 1565, by the united force of the four Mahommedan principalities of the Decan. That, in a war which commenced in 160, the whole Carnatic was entirely reduced under the yoke of the Mahommedan kings of Bijapour and Tellingana. That in the years 1686 and 1687, the emperor Aurungzebe conquered the kingdoms of Bijapour and Tellingana. That the Naigs of TANJORE, by that conqueft, became feudatories and vaffals of the empire. That about the year 1696, nine years after the reduction of the kingdoms of Bijapour and Tellingana, one Ecko-jî, a Maratta, fervant to the king of Bijapour, having been called by the hereditary Naig of Tanjore to his affiftance, feized the country, which he had been called to defend. That the Mogul Nabob of the Carnatic reduced Sahu-jî, the fon of the ufurper, to an abfolute dependence on the empire. That the Nabob impofed upon the vanquished Sahu-jî, an annual tribute of thirty lacks of rupees. That, in confideration of that fum and his entire fubmiffion to the mandates of the Mogul, that monarch conferred upon him the title of RAJAH, by an imperial Phirmân. That, during an irregular fucceffion of the pofterity of Ecko-jî in Tanjore, the fettled tribute was paid, and the feudatory fervices performed, by that country, for more than thirty years. That, when the Rajah proved refractory, his fuperior, the Nabob of Arcot, feized his country, as a forfeiture to the empire, and threw the revolted vaffal into prison, as a punishment for his contumacy. That, though the Rajah, during troubles, which arofe in the Carnatic, recovered his liberty and government, he continued fubject to the empire of the Moguls; and was accountable for his tribute and feudal duties to the Nabob of Arcot, the mediate power between him and the throne. During the wars, which arofe on the coaft of Coromandel, from the ambition of the French and the intrigues of M. Dupleix, it has been fhewn, that the Rajah of Tanjore not only neglected to pay his tribute, but acted a very undutiful and faithless part towards his fuperior the Nabob and the English Company. That though he fent a force to affill them in 1752, it was after they had obtained a manifeft fuperiority, by the junction of the Marattas and Mysoreans. That when they had loft that fuperiority in 1753, he amused them with infidious promifes, whilft he actually treated with their enemies. That his conduct during the whole war, was not only uniformly deceptious, but that he privately correfponded with the enemy, entertained their agent at his capital, ftopt provifions from being sent to the English army, and difconcerted their operations. That, though the French attacked his capital in 1758, he exhibited marks of animofity against the English, and, when he thought their fortune on the decline, when Madras was befieged, he not only refused affittance to them and his fuperior, the Nabob, but treated their reprefentative, Major Calliaud, with every mark of difrefpect and contempt. That, though the power of the French manifeftly declined, when they were forced to raife the fiege of Madras, he not only refused assistance to His fuperior the Nabob, but anfwered the request of the Prefidency. with a farcasm upon their conduct. Notwithstanding the treaty of 1762, which fettled the tribute of Tanjore, at less than half the fum paid in the molt regular times, was fo 294 fo ! little that! Mad death the Ra ing re: dagger c correfpor fieged in kindled had obtain Though the Pr. to afix a meari: "It has appeared, duplicity and treach whole of his condos, pofitive orders to the fevere account his un opinion, that the trac confiunt:anal rigèts of : dered that country, 20 a Zemincar of that pri tilement for his conduct: the Nabob againd his ret the ofenible reasons, for circumfances very diferent. the Rajah. That the Pren ciced in favour of the Nat ferved challement, for with money and provisons, peithcuit, ferled by the tre year 1770, the Rjah's corres which two powers be invited t covered, by the Predčence, a folicited foreign eremies to a took up arms agair A the depend.. when the English Prendent wrote: intead of paving attention to th. and impertinence, in his answer. trigues of the Rajah, with the av |