MILITARY.

Art. 41. A Treatise on the Art of War; or, Rules for conducting an Army in all the various Operations of regular Campaigns. By John, Count Orourke, Colonel of Horfe, Knight of the Royal Order of St. Louis, and Lord Chamberlain to the late King of Poland, &c. 4to. 1. 1 s. Boards. Dodfley, &c. 1778.

A work of this kind, from an officer who has feen fervice, cannot fail of being ufeful, in particular, to thofe gentlemen of the profeffion who have not received the advantages of experience. Count Orourke had a command in that Ruffian army which took poffeffion of Berlin, in the year 1760; and, in confequence of his good conduct on that memorable occafion [as we learn from the Poftfcript to this Treatife], he was afterward honoured with the favourable notice and regard of his Pruffian Majefty, and the royal family; in evidence of which, he has here printed certain letters which he received from the King, and from Prince Henry.-There is, perhaps, an air of oftentation in all this, which does not seem to accord, very happily, with the title of a paper of four pages, prefixed to the noble Count's performance, viz. A List of Subscribers.

If any purchaser should object that the size of this book does not bear the ufual proportion to the price, they must conûder the expence of the copper plates, which are fourteen in number; exhibiting the various pofitions and movements of an army. Some of the plans, described in these engravings, may poffibly be new-but we have not had an opportunity of comparing this production with former treatifes on the art of war.-On the whole, however, we doubt not but this work will be ferviceable to those who are defirous of making a diftinguished progress in the ftudy of a fcience which, certainly, is not of a fuperficial nature, nor to be comprehended within a narrow compass.

MEDICA L.

Art. 42. An Effey on the Cure of Abfceffes by Cauftic, and on the Treatment of Wounds and Ulcers; with Obfervations on fome Improvements in Surgery. Alfo, a new Method of introducing Mercury into the Circulation, for the Cure of the Lues Venerea : With the Remarks of Dr. Hunter and Mr. Cruikshank, Professors of Anatomy, in Support of this Practice. By P. Clare, Surgeon. Svo. 2s. 6d. Cadell. 17-9.

This is as odd a farrago as we remember to have met with. The fubject which appears mod confpicuous in the title-page, has hardly three pages allotted to it; and the work is made up of quotations, cafes, and old ftories, put together in a ftrange random manner. The only thing at all new in this mifcellany, is the proposal of a new method of impregnating the fyftem with mercury. This is, by rubbing calomel in powder, moittened with faliva, on the infide of the cheek, round the orifice of the falivary duct. The Author fuppofes, that this internal friction will produce a more easy and expeditious abforption of the mercurial particles than the common frictions on the furface of the body; and he atferts that experience has confirmed his opinion. A long annexed paper of remarks on this new practice, by Mr. Cruikshank, contains many curious obferva

tions

tions on the nature of abforption, and is, indeed, by much the most valuable part of the publication.

Art. 43. Gulftonian Lectures, read at the College of Phyficians, February 15, 16, and 17; by Samuel Mufgrave, M. D. Fellow of the College, and of the Royal Society: Containing I hree Lectures, I. On the Dyfpnoea. II. On the Pleurify and Peripneumony. III. On the Pulmonary Confumption. 8vo. 2 s. Payne, &c.

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1779.

The firft of thefe fhort treatifes begins with a general account of the mechanical effects of refpiration. The Writer criticifes a paffage of Baron Haller's, in which it is afferted, that training is attended with a greater defcent of the diaphragm. On the contrary, he maintains, that in mufcular efforts the diaphragm afcends, and diminishes the cavity of the thorax, thereby itopping the courfe of the blood through the pulmonary veffels. On this principle he accounts for various inftances of tempo ary dyspnea; and after making some obfervations on the feveral kinds of irregular refpiration, he proceeds to illuftrate the nature of the morbid dyfpnea. He concludes with laying it down as a principle, that in moit cafes where a dyipnoea occurs, independent of any caufe externally compreffing the lungs or diaphragm, it then originates from a præternatural enlargement or tumefaction of that fubifance, in which the pulmonary veffels are bedded.'

C

The fecond lecture, on the Pleurify and Peripneumony, is chiefly a commentary on, and recommendation of, Sydenham's method of cure in thofe difeafes; every article of which Dr. Mufgrave thinks founded on juft obfervation and experience, In particular, he infifts on the importance of that great phyfician's much neglected, precept of taking the patient out of bed every day for a confiderable time during the courfe of the disease, the advantages of which he confirms by his own experience.

In the third lecture, on the Pulmonary Confumption, we find little worthy of notice, except fome remarks on confumptive difeafes proceeding from a cold caufe, which the Writer fuppofes directly contrary in their nature to the inflammatory confumption, and requiring a contrary treatment. It was in this fpecies of confumption, he fuppofes, that the warm medicines recommended by former practitioners were particularly ferviceable; and he corroborates their teftimony by adducing fome inftances, from his own experience, of remarkable fuccefs attending the exhibition of camphor, joined with nitre, in thefe cafes.

To this view of the matter contained in these lectures, we have only to add, that they are written in very pure and correct language; an excellence, the want of which we often lament in modern medical publications.

Art. 44. Thefaurus Medicus: Sive Difputationum in Academia Edinenfi, ad rem medicam pertinentium, a Collegio inftituto ad hoc ufque Tempus, Delectus, a Gulielmo Smellio, S. P. Ě. §. habitus. Tom. II. 8vo. 6s. Boards. Edinburgh, Elliot and Creech; Murray, London. 1779.

The contents of this fecond volume of Edinburgh Medical Thefes

For the first volume, fee Review, O&. 1778, p. 305.

are

are as follows: De Incubo, Bond. De Lienteria, Scanlan. De Azditu, Fen Sleigh. De Conceptu, Merriman. De Hydrope Analarca, Langlands. De Ferri Hiftoria Naturali, Præparatis, & Ufu Medico, Wright. De Hydrope, D. Monro. De Athmate, Abernethie. De Amaurofi, Rofs. De Humore acido a Cibis orto, & Magnefia Aiba, Black. De Ulcere Uteri, Broughton. De Teftibus & de Semine in variis Animalibus, A. Monro. De Morbo Hypochondriaco, Turner. De Mercurio, Owen. De Bile, Ramfay. De Catarrbata, Lander. De Catarrho, G. Fordyce.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Art. 45. An Oration at the Dedication of Free Mafon's Hall in Sunderland, in the County of Durham, July 16, 1778. By Brother W. Hutchinfon. 4to. I s. Baldwin.

A learned and ingenious difplay of the antiquity and importance of Free Masonry. Art. 46. The Governefs. From the French of Monf. Le Fevre, Tranflated by E. P. Small 8vo. Is. Dodsley.

To those who are interested in the education of children, this little work will be a very valuable present. It teaches the neceffity of beginning the business of education from earlieft infancy, and of obferving a steady and unremitting discipline. This method is proved to be, not only the most certain, but the mildeft alfo, and the most eafy, that can be pursued in forming the minds of children to those habits of virtue which are to conftitute the basis of their future character in life.

Art. 47. The Speech of the Earl of Sandwich, in the House of Lords,, May 14, 1779; being the Fourteenth Day of the Sitting of the Committee of Enquiry into the Management of Greenwich Hofpital. 4to. I S. Cadell.

A masterly refutation of the charges brought by Capt. Baillie against the First Lord of the Admiralty. Art. 48. Thoughts in younger Life on interefting Subjects; or Poems, Letters, and Effays, moral, elegiac, and defcriptive. With Memoirs of the Author. By George Wright, Efq; Author of the Rural Chriftian. Small 8vo. 3 s. bound. Buckland.

Our Author is his own biographer: and what critic fo faftidious as to deny him the privilege of talking about his own dear self, when he can plead the refpe&table authority of William Lilly the conjuror, and George Whitefield, that "chief of finners"-as he was always proud to call himself, for the purpose of Sherwing his humility!

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Mr. George Wright gives us a fpecimen of this faint-like dispofi• tion for after an enumeration of his good qualities, holy employments, and innocent amufements, he modeftly cautions his Readers not to think he is without faults.' No. He hath (as he confeffeth in the difmal cant of fanaticifm) his failings, errors, and shortcomings: thefe afford him ample matter for daily concern, felfabafement, and reformation.' The Author might place this book in the catalogue of his short-comings, and find in it ample matter for felf-abafement and reformation. But vanity is as deceitful as vice: and your fcribbling finners (especially if they fhould be addicted to the fin of poetry) are of all others the most hardened against con

viction:

viction and becaufe, like the Pharifees, they "think they fee, therefore their fin remaineth."

RELIGIOUS and CONTROVERSIA L,

Art. 49. A Charge, delivered at feveral Vifitations of the Clergy, held at York, and in the Weft-Riding of Yorkshire, in the Year 1778. By William Cooper, D. D. F. R. S. Archdeacon of York. 4to. I s. Cadell.

Dr. Cooper exhorts his reverend brethren with warmth and dignity. and he unfolds to them the duties of their station in a manner equally perfpicuous, forcible and perfuafive. He thus expreffes himself on the influence and neceffity of example in the clerical character:

To correct licentioufnefs, awake the lethargic from their fupinenefs and folly, fhew with good effect the pernicious nature and fad confequences of fin, rescue profligate and, notorious finners from their unhappy fituation, pointing out the abfurdity of their proceedings and their danger, the danger of being punished with everlafting de ftruation from the prefence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power; to do this with good effect, we, my Reverend Brethren, muft be eminent for our virtue, eminent for our learning. It is the remark of a writer*, not more diftinguished for the wildom of his admonitions, than the excellency of his conduct, that " the life of a pious clergyman is visible rhetoric." The expreffion is juft. Such a character is a burning light, looked up to by all with admiration, heard upon every occation with attention, reverence, regard. If our reputation is clear and unfullied, the greatest bleffing we can enjoy upon earth, our preaching will have its full force; for example is more inftructive than precept, and the words of the exemplary will have weight. A clergyman muft confider any piece of preferment given him, not merely as a gift, but as a truft, "honorem illúm non folum datum fed etiam creditum ;" and in order to act his part with the greater credit, he will deny himself every pleasure, even the most innocent, which may in any respect obftruct the laudable discharge of his office. The pious Hooker, when Master of the Temple, laid the foundation of his incomparable work on Ecclefaftical Polity; but he obtained leave to retire from that confpicuous fituation, into a quiet country parfonage, where he had more leifure to pursue his ftudies, might fee God's bleffings fpringing out of his mother earth, and eat his own bread in peace and privacy; a place, where, without difturbance, he might meditate his approaching mortality, and that great account, which all flesh muft, at the lafl great day, give to the God of all fpirits." Let us revere the memory of that valuable man, and as many of us as are poffeffed of benefices in the country, learn, by his example, to make the best ufe of folitude; converse with learned books, with God, and our own fouls; inftructing our flocks; vifiting the fick; administering the facraments; aiding the indigent; convincing the people by a conduct, rational and uniform, that our hope lies beyond the grave, and that it is not in the power of this world to charm our hearts to a forgetfulness of God, our fellow-creatures, and ourselves.'

66

Hooker.

Art,

Art. 50. An Efay towards a Demonftration of the Scripture Trinity. By the late learned Dr. Daniel Scott, Author of the Appendix to H. Stephens's Greek Lexicon in 2 Vols. Folio. Third Edition, to which is prefixed fome Account of the Author. Izmo. 1 s. Goadby.

The Author of this little tract was eminent in the learned world on account not only of the Appendix to the Greek Lexicon above mentioned, but alío for a New Verfion of St. Matthew's Gospel, with critical notes, and an examination of Dr. Mills's various readings, which he published in 1741. The two folio volumes additional to Stephens's Lexicon fully displayed his diligence, critical kill and precision. They were dedicated to Archbishop Secker and Bishop Butler, who had been fellow pupils with Dr. Scott at an academy at Tewksbury, and honoured him with their esteem, friendship, and correfpondence. By their perfuafion, we are here told, he was engaged in the above work, to the regret of many of his friends, and the friends of facred literature: for his clofe application to it, for many years, broke his health and spirits, and probably shortened his useful life, exclufive of the confideration that he was a lofer of feveral hundred pounds by this publication. We are farther informed that, by this means, he was prevented from completing a large Lexicon for the Greek Teftament, on a plan resembling Pa for's, which he had begun, and which would have been more ufeful than the other; he therefore lamented his having yielded to the perfuafions of his dignified friends.

The prefent effay appears to have been first published in 1724 or 1725. This edition was fo fpeedily difpofed of as greatly to furprize the Author, who soon had sufficient evidence that it was bought up and fuppreffed by an eminent prelate, Dr. Edmund Gibfon. A fecond edition, with fome enlargements, was published in 1738, and even then it was fo difficult to procure the pamphlet, that there was reason, it is faid, to fufpect that dishonourable methods were taken to prevent its circulation. The prefent Editor was well acquainted with the deceased Author; and though this effay, he tells us, has not entirely brought him into his fentiments, yet it has increased his esteem and affection, for all pious and charitable Chriftians, whatever may be their different fentiments concerning the important doctrine here confidered. This effay, he obferves, is an admirable model for thofe who may engage in writing on points controverted among Chriftians. There appears through the whole an uncommon fpirit of candour, humility, and refpect for the learned, from whom he differs, and whofe miftakes or falfe reafonings he thought it his duty to point out.'

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The Author pursues his subject in a kind of mathematical form, by definitions, axioms, corollaries, &c. and on the whole concludes that the holy fcriptures plainly teach an inferiority of the Son and Spirit to the Supreme Father. My confcience, fays he, bears me witness, that I have proceeded always with this confideration, that I am to give a moft ftrict account of every line, and word, that paffeth under my pen; and therefore I have been precifely careful for the matter of my book to defend truth only, and only by truth,'

The