between the folk-gemot and the shire-gemot. These divisions, as we have seen above, were called by various names, according to the dialects or traditions of the settlers. Ducange says: "Wapentachium apud Danos Anglicos idem fuit quod Comitatus seu Hundredas." He gives a long explanation of the origin of the term from the proceedings at the Vapna-thing (Scottice Wappen-schaw), when, the chief or leader having set up his spear erect, "Omnes enim quotquot venissent, cum lanceis suis ipsius hastam tangebant, et ita se confirmabant per contactum armorum, pace palam concessa.” wapentake as "normally apparently a combination of three hundreds," for which he quotes Bishop Stubbs (Const. Hist.,' ch. v. § 46). This is an error. There is no mention of the wapentake in the reference given. In the previous section the bishop states that "the union of a number of townships for the purpose of judicial administration, peace, and defence, formed what is known as the hundred or wapentake"; and again, "The wapentake in all respects of administration answers directly to the hundred." All his references combine to show that the jurisdiction, by whichever name called, was identical. CANON TAYLOR (7th S. ii. 405) maintains that the wapentake and hundred The word is pure Norse, taka, to touch or take, were essentially different, and goes beyond MR. not being found in A.-S. previous to the Danish ELLIS in asserting that "as a rule, three pre-invasion, though it has subsequently superseded Domesday hundreds were combined to constitute the older word niman. one post-Domesday wapentake, which was the unit of naval assessment." There is no evidence whatever to justify this conclusion. In the grant of King Edgar to the Bishop of Worcester it was stipulated "ut ipse episcopus cum monachis suis de istis tribus centurialibus, constituant unam navipletionem quod Anglice dicitur scypfilled, orde scypborne." In the levy of ship-money by Ethelred, A.D. 1008, the words are: "Her bebead se cyning that man sceolde ofer eall Angel-cynn_scipu foestlice wyrcan, that is, thonne of thrym hund hidum & of tynum hidum cenne scæg." There is here no mention of wapentakes, and I do not know to what other documents CANON TAYLOR refers for the "unit of naval assessment." The history of the hundred and wapentake is very interesting, and its origin must be searched for a long way back. I have alluded above to the laws of the Frankish King Childebert in the sixth century, where the centena is mentioned. From thence back to the time of Tacitus is not a long stretch. Here we find the concilium of the Germans equivalent to the Saxon Folkmoot. The organization includes the centena, or grouping by hundreds. The hundred here was not a territorial, but a military and juridical institution. In the invasion of Britain and its settlement doubtless the organization which already existed would be transferred to the new acquisitions. Of this the tithing and the hundred formed an essential part. Nothing could be more natural than to carry into the new settlements the arrangements already familiar. Bishop Stubbs says ('Const. Hist.,' p. 54) :— "The ordinary court of justice was the Mallus, or court of the hundred......The court consisted of all the fully qualified landowners,......they furnished the centenarius with a body of assessors selected from time to time," &c. The term hundred soon ceased to apply numerically. Inequality of estate and numbers reduced it to a mere formal name for a special jurisdiction The conclusion, I think, is forced upon us that the wapentake and hundred were merely Danish and English names for the same organization on the north and south sides of Watling Street. Sandyknowe, Wavertree. J. A. PICTON. THE SEVENTH EDITION OF BURKE'S Farquharson of Invercauld. For "Findla More m. first Beatrix, daughter of Carden of that ilk," read Garden of Banchory. Fawkes of Farnley. For "Tristram Carliell of Sewarley" read Sewerby. Frank of Campsall. "Mary Frank m. Charles Mainwaring." He was Admiral Thomas F. C. Mainwaring. Ferrers of B. Clinton. Elizabeth Ferrers (Mrs. Gerard) remarried Wm. Gerard Walmesley, second son of Richard Walmesley, of Westwood. Finch of Tullamore. "Helena Finch m. John Hickman of Ballyket," but in the pedigree of Hickman of Fenloe he is named Anthony and she is named Eleanor. Fitzherbert of Norbury. Sir Thomas Fitzherbert d. s. p., but his daughter Anne is said to have m. Richard Congreve of Congreve. Fletcher of Nerquis. and d. 1717." Owen Wynne m. 1869 Wm. Floyer m. Mary Floyer of W. Stafford. (Arms) for "Linday Foulkes of Eriviatt. For "Sir Thomas A. L. W. Strange m. Louisa, dau. of Sir Wm. Burroughes, Bart.," read Burroughs, the baronetcy of Castle Bagshaw being meant. Fox of Bramham. For "the family of Fox and Grete " read Fox of Grete. Francklin of Gonalston. "Eliz. Francklin m. Fred. Burnaby," his name being Thomas Frederick Burnaby-Atkins. Gason of Richmond. Who was the Hon. and Rev. Charles Douglas? Gibbs of Aldenham. "Yates Browne," called in the 'Peerage' (under the article "Erskine B.") "Yeats Brown." Gifford of Ballysop. "Ravenscroft Gifford m. (first) 1793." His dau. d. 1727. Goff of Hale Park. Joseph Goff m. Lady Adela H. L. H. Knox, who is named Adelaide in 'Peerage.' Going of Traverston. "Marcus Patterson.' Spelt Paterson in the Dunraven pedigree in the 'Peerage.' Goodlake of Wadley. For "John Blagrave" read Thomas. Gordon of Wardhouse. For "Lucy Anne Livingstone" read Lady Anne. Gould of Frampton. For "Wm. Bonde of Bestrall" read Wm. Bond of South Bestwall. Gould of Upwey. For "Godden of Over Compton" read Goodden. Gould of Lew Trenchard. For "Wm. Gould m. Maria, dau. of Capt. Leason," read Maria Ann, dau. of Major Joseph Leeson. Graham of Fintry. Lochleven. For "Lockleven" read Graham of Gartmore. The marriage, &c., of Wm. Graham, who d. s. p. 1774, might be taken from Douglas, 'Peerage,' i. 639. Elizabeth Buchanan, second wife of Robert Graham, m. secondly Robert Fairfoul. Grant of Kilgraston. For "Spiers" (twice) read Speirs. Gubbins of Kilfrush. Joseph Gubbins's second marriage omitted. Harman of Newcastle. "Hon. James Fitzmaurice of Killenhill." Spelt Kilmihill in the 'Peerage.' Harvey of Kyle. Capt. Charles Randall." Add that his daughter m., 1858, J. R. T. H. Parker of Swannington. Harvey of Ickwellbury. For "Graeme" read Greame. Heber of Hodnet. Rev. Reginald Heber, b. 1729, m. first 1733. Hornby of Dalton. For "Lucy Hornby m. Rev. H. W. Champneys" read Rev. Henry William Champneys (formerly Burt) of Ostenhanger, Kent, and Rector of Badsworth. Hungerford of Cahirmore. "R. H. Boddam, governor of the bank." Which bank? Hustler of Acklam. For "Ralph Lutton" read Hutton. Cf. 'Peerage.' Ingleby of Lawkland. Anne Clapham (John Ingleby's first wife) was widow (1) of Mr. Thwaites and (2) of Robert Gale of Scruton. Innes of Raemoir. For "Cameron Innes m. Col. P. A. Lantour" read Col. Philip Augustus Lautour. Isherwood of Marple. It is doubtful if Henry Bradshaw's daughter was wife of Milton's father. Johnstone of Annandale. For "Agnes, dau. of Col. Swanston," read Swanson. "Clifford Chambers, co. Cf. Biscoe of Jones of Fonmon. "Hon. Col. Maud." Who? ence to Mathew of Tresunger. Kavanagh of Borris. After "Thomas butler of Kilcash" add, and sister of the fifteenth (de jure) Earl of Ormonde. Keane of Beech Park. "Dubourdreu "? M.-King of Walford. "Elizabeth, dau. and cob. of John Ling." Query King. King of Chadshunt. For "Hanleth" read Hanlith. Were there two John Kings Under Hale of K. Walden. For "Sir Matthew Secretaries of State? Lambe" read Lamb. C.-Halkett of Cramond. For "Susanna Judith C.-Halkett m. Cumin of Relugas" read George Cumin. For "Margaret Maria C.-Halkett m. Col. Lindesay " read Col. John Lindsay, and was mother of General Sir Patrick Lindsay of Eaglescairny, who succeeded in 1809 as eighth Earl of Lindsay, and d. in 1839. Hardcastle of Headlands. Lady Herschell's name is given in the 'Peerage' as Anne Emma Haldane. Hare of Hurstmonceaux. Anna Maria Hare m. Col. Bulkeley? Hare of Docking. For "Mr. W. D. Chapman' read William Daniel Chapman. " For "Hon. T. Stapleton "read John. He was brother of Lord Beaumont. King of Staunton. For "Rev. J. Wolffe " read Wolff. Knapp of Linford. John Cootes. Query Cookes. Mary Knapp's dau. became Lady Mary Russell. Leader of Dromagh. "Marvella Chinnery." Called Marbella in the Chinnery pedigree. Elizabeth m. Sir G. R. W. Griffith, Bart. Called Eliza in the 'Peerage.' Leigh of Rosegarland. "John Ly (query Leigh) d. 1712." His grandson m. 1662. Leir of Jaggards. Cross reference to Marriott incorrect. Lenthall of Bessels Leigh. For" Mary Blewett, For thirdly Forbes, dau. of the laird of Echt," read a dau. of Forbes of Echt. L'Estrange of Hunstanton. For "Sir Wm. Fitzwilliams of Melton " read Sir Wm. Fitzwilliam of Milton. Lewis of Ballfinagar. "Hull of Lemcon." Query Leamcon. Lockhart of Wichetshaw. Mary Jane Palliser, widow of Wm. Lockhart, rem., 1848, Hon. John Keane, now third Baron Keane. Loveday of Williamscote. Thomas Loveday, m. 1774. 1739. Pauncefote d. 1710, and his widow rem. Rev. Wm. Bramston. Peel of Aylermore. "Charlotte Peel m. James Formby of Formby." Who? Pennefather of Lakefield. "Jane Pennefather m. Wm. Palliser." Called Mary in the Derryluskan pedigree. Phillimore of Kendalls. The sixth edition had Richard, b. 1615, and his son John d. 1680, aged ninety-one. The seventh edition makes Richard to have d. 1615; nearly as impossible as the other. Pigott of Greywell. Lucy Pigott m. Rev. T. T. Vaughan, but in Peerage' (Halford, bart.) he is called Rev. John James Vaughan. Pleydell of Whatcombe. For "Sophia Morton Pleydell m. John Dickens" read Dickin. Plowden of Plowden. Edmund Plowden m. Lucy, dau. of Wm. Thomson, and granddaughter and coh. of Sir Berkeley Lucy, Bart. This is opposed to the Lucy pedigree in Burke's Martha, dau. of Her brother m. Was not John Loveday's third wife Forbes, not Forrest ? Lowther of Shrigley. For "first Lord Lons-Extinct Baronetage,' but the existence of a second dale" read first Viscount Lonsdale. Macdowall of Garthland. The name of Col. Wm. Macdowall's first wife was Mary Tovie. Her mother m. secondly James Milliken of Milliken. Seat, Castle Semple, now called Garthland, near Lochwinnoch, is in Renfrewshire. The old castle of Garthland, in Wigtonshire, has been demolished. Mansergh of Grenane. J. C. Mansergh m. dau. of Major John Campbell, grandson of Colin, third Duke of Argyle. The third duke was Archibald, and the statement is incorrect. Mathias of Lamphey. In this pedigree the names Lawes, Laws, Bedwell Law, and Bidwell Law occur, and require examination. Medlicott of Dunmurry. James Medlicott m. Sarah, dau. of Joshua Colles Meredith. His name was Joshua Paul Meredyth. Cf. 'Peerage.' Moore of Rowallane. For "Maria C. Moore m. Wm. Humphreys" read Humphrys. Moubray of Otterston. "Bruce of Minnesswood." Where? "Rev. John Minnaird." Who ? Nesbett of Lesmore. "Albert Nesbett m. 1729." His eldest brother was b. 1718. Nevile of Thorney. "Thomas Boswell of Edlington." Doubtful? Pyke-Nott of Bydown. John Nott, b. 1662, d. 8. p. His son was b. 1646. Orpen of Ardtully. Cherry Orpen m. James, son of Nathaniel Bland, of Derriquin.' Not mentioned in the Derriquin pedigree. Pack of Avisford. "Elizabeth Catherine Pack m. Sir J. W. H. Hanson, Bart." Is there any such title? Palliser of Derryluskan. Juliana Hyde (Palliser) m. 1832, but her father seems to have been Thomas Palliser, b. 1661. Pauncefote of Preston Court. Add that Wm. daughter of Sir Berkeley, Mrs. Thompson, is hinted at in Burke's 'History of the Commouers,' ii. 443, and Douglas, 'Peerage,' ii. 554. There is some mystery. Anyhow Thompson seems the proper spelling. SIGMA. (To be continued.) KING OF DENMARK'S MASQUERADE. The following list, supplied by Mrs. Spilsbury, some court milliner with whose name time has not burdened itself, of those to whom she supplied dresses for the masquerade given by the King of Denmark at the Opera House October 11, 1768, seems not without interest, containing as it does a chronicle of the leaders of fashion considerably more than a century ago. It may also prove suggestive to the modern participator in fashionable frivolities. The descriptions of the costumes, not always too legible, are apparently by another hand. The list is given with its etymological eccentricities, and with a few descriptions not too easy of comprehension. A List of Names Dressed by Mrs. Spilsbury for the Masquerade given by the King of Denmark at the Opera House Octor y 11th, 1768. His Majesty of Denmark, Gold Domino trimmed with silver and Italian Flowers. Count Hoelk, Turk. Count Beulow, Domino. Duke of Gloucester, Domino Crimson Taby (?) trimmed Countess of Waldgrave, Statira. Mrs. Williams, Poland Dress. Princess Amelia, white scarlet and gold. n Mrs. Mendes, Miranda. Ly. B. Craven, Fairy Queen. Mr. Craven, white Domino. Ly. Crofts, Domino blue silver. Mrs. Cotten, blue gold white Domino. Mrs. A. Cotten, blue silver do. Mrs. Chapman, blue silver do. Mrs. Bland, Droiade. Mrs. S. Hill, Imoinda. Miss Crew, Lady in Comus. Lady Mary Fox, kind of Turkish Dress Sr. Wm. Mayne, blue white Domino. Mrs. Baker, Miranda. Ly. Ann Fitzwilliams, Patmos. Mr. Probe, blue white Domino. Mrs. Grovesnor, Patmos. Mr. Swaile, Shepherd Pipe and Taber Mr. J. Cotten, blue Domino. Miss Wayland, blue silver Domino, Mr. Prado, Domino. Lord Spencer, blue Do. gold. Mr. Strong, blue yellow Do. Mr. his friend. Hon. Mrs. Yorke, Grecian, tot 18 Estoff ga” ata Hon. Mrs. Yorke, Pompadour Silver. Capt. Crewe, Domino Suit. Mr. Woodhouse, Domino. Mr. Drummond, Domino blue. Mr. Lloyd, Domino. Mr. Nash, white Do. blue, Mr. Shakespear, Domino. Lord Rockingham, Domino white spotted with gold Mr. Turner, black yellow. Mr. Udney, Domino. Mr. R. Bagot, Domino with silver. Miss Chetwynd, white Do, flowers. Mrs. Pradoe, Sultana. Mrs. Williams, Domino. Mrs. Strong, Patmos. The Hon. Mr. Littleton, white and gold Domino. Miss A. Colebrooke, Diana. Mr. Blackwell, Domino. Mr. T. Blackwell, Do. Mr. Brickdale, Do. Mr. Ashurst, Do. Colo. Parker, Do. Sr. R. Fletcher, Do. Lord Carmarthen, Domino Suit. Miss Stainforth, Patmos. Mrs. Mendes, Miranda, Sir Archer Croft, blue Domino. Colo. Craggs, Do. Major Kingston, Domino. Capt. Walmsley, Do. white Crimson. Capt. Williams, Domino. Mr. Currie, Do. Mr. Freeman, Do. Ly. B. Lee, Reubens Wife. Colo. Harcourt, Vandyke with Domino. Mr. Window, Purple and wh. Domino. Mr. Scott, Domino. Mr. Barnet. Dr. Fabricius, Rose Coloured Domino Suit. Mr. Nugent, Tancred. Masks not dressed by Mrs. Spilsbury. Miss Wrottesley, Nun. Miss Harrison, Emoinda. Miss Murray, a sort of Turkish Dress. Miss Finch, sort of Turkish dress. Miss Finch, Dancer. Capt. Broderick, Sailor. Mr. Beauclerc, Domino. Ly. D. Beauclerc, Sultana. Genl. Conway, Domino afterwards old Woman. Mr. Cambridge 3 Miss Cambridges, The Indian Family. Ly. Reade, Altemesa. Miss Elliot, Minerva. Mr. Mendes, a Negro in the Character of Mengo. Mr. Way, Do. 10. Mixta.-Dictionaries and indexes of mixed subjects; periodical and other miscellanies. I drew up the above scheme hastily, and without consulting any catalogue or other help, on the occasion of removing part of my library from one house to another, and having to arrange on my shelves some two thousand books littered in parcels and heaps on the floor. It is not presented here as suitable to a public or systematically formed library. It serves, however, for my own collection, and possibly other readers of 'N. & Q.' may find in it something worth borrowing or modifying to suit their several cases; and I venture, despite its crudity, to lay it before them. JOHN W. BONE, F.S. A. LORD MAYORS NOT PRIVY COUNCILLORS.-The following cutting from a recent number of the City Press seems to me worth reprinting in N. & Q.,' as it corrects a popular error :— "It is a popular error to describe the Lord Mayors of London as ex-officio Privy Councillors. They are not, nor ever have been so. The circumstance that appears to have given rise to this idea is this: Whenever the Crown of England has been vacant, the Lord Mayor of London has always been called to the Council as 'the chief officer' of the kingdom, and the only one whose commission (not being held directly from the Sovereign) did not lapse with the death of the monarch. Thus, when James I. was invited to come and take the Crown of England, Sir Robert Lee, the Lord Mayor, subscribed the letter of invitation, before all the Ministers of State and the nobility. Again, in 1688, the invitation to the Prince of Orange was drawn up by the LIBRARY ARRANGEMENT.-Memoranda for pre-lords spiritual and temporal, sitting in conclave at the liminary rough-and-ready sorting of a confused Guildhall, under the presidency, presumably, of the Lord Mayor." mass of books for a small private library. The E. WALFORD, M.A. classes may be subdivided afterwards at leisure. Mr. Musgrave, Do. Miss Moulton. 8, Bolton Road, St. John's Wood. GEORGE ELLIS. 1. Theologica.-The Bible and relative works religions; their history, and dogmatic and ethical doctrines; their practices and prayers. *2. Musica.-Classics (i.e., Greek and Latin); art; poetry; eloquence; drama; fiction. 3. Historica.-History; biography; correspond Hyde Park Mansions, N.W. 'PETER SCHLEMIHL.'—It is well known that on the title-page of Sir John Bowring's translation of this book, illustrated by G. Cruikshank and published in 1824, the author is said to be La Mothe Fouqué, instead of Adelbert von Chamisso. A similar mistake was made by Théophile Gautier, who, in his strange story called ' Avatar,' says:"Les historiens fantastiques de Pierre Schlemil et de la Nuit de saint Sylvestre lui revinrent en mémoire; mais les personnages de Lamothe Fouqué et d'Hoffmann n'avaient perdu, l'un que son ombre, l'autre que son reflet." It would be curious to learn the origin of the popular notion that the shadowless man owed his existence to the creator of Undine. W. F. P. BANDALORE.-The earliest quotation given by DR. MURRAY is dated 1824; but the date of the toy is about 1790. It is also defined by him as containing a coiled spring," which must be a misprint for "string," as "string" occurs again in the next line but one. Besides, we know it had a string, not a spring. In N. & Q.,' 6th S. i. 452, there is an extract |