Cultural Evolution: People's Motivations are Changing, and Reshaping the WorldCambridge University Press, 22 mrt 2018 - 273 pagina's Cultural Evolution argues that people's values and behavior are shaped by the degree to which survival is secure; it was precarious for most of history, which encouraged heavy emphasis on group solidarity, rejection of outsiders, and obedience to strong leaders. For under extreme scarcity, xenophobia is realistic: if there is just enough land to support one tribe and another tribe tries to claim it, survival may literally be a choice between Us and Them. Conversely, high levels of existential security encourage openness to change, diversity, and new ideas. The unprecedented prosperity and security of the postwar era brought cultural change, the environmentalist movement, and the spread of democracy. But in recent decades, diminishing job security and rising inequality have led to an authoritarian reaction. Evidence from more than 100 countries demonstrates that people's motivations and behavior reflect the extent to which they take survival for granted - and that modernization changes them in roughly predictable ways. This book explains the rise of environmentalist parties, gender equality, and same-sex marriage through a new, empirically-tested version of modernization theory. |
Inhoudsopgave
Evolutionary Modernization and Cultural Change | 8 |
The Rise of Postmaterialist Values in the West and the World | 25 |
The End of Secularization? | 60 |
major aspects of life | 66 |
of Norms Governing Gender Equality and Sexual | 77 |
survey to latest available survey in all countries having time | 90 |
The IndividualLevel Component | 102 |
viii | 140 |
Authoritarian Populist Parties | 173 |
Postmaterialist values in four countries having such | 177 |
in the party manifestos of 13 Western democracies | 189 |
by educational level 19912015 | 202 |
Six aspects of tolerance by level of economic | 226 |
252 | |
270 | |
things together from earliest to latest available survey | 154 |
Overige edities - Alles bekijken
Cultural Evolution: People's Motivations are Changing, and Reshaping the World Ronald F. Inglehart Gedeeltelijke weergave - 2018 |
Cultural Evolution: People's Motivations are Changing, and Reshaping the World Ronald F. Inglehart Gedeeltelijke weergave - 2018 |
Cultural Evolution: People's Motivations are Changing, and Reshaping the World Ronald F. Inglehart Geen voorbeeld beschikbaar - 2019 |
Veelvoorkomende woorden en zinsdelen
Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence Society authoritarian Authoritarian Reflex Azerbaijan become Belarus birth cohorts bring China collapse communist conducive correlation coun country’s Cultural Change declining democ democracy democratic institutions demonstrates economic development economic growth effects elites emergence Estonia evidence ex-communist countries existential security experienced factors Figure free choice freedom gender equality Global growing high levels high-income countries high-income societies homosexuality human impact increasing increasingly indicates Individual-choice norms inequality Inglehart and Welzel intergenerational population replacement Latvia levels of democracy levels of existential linked major mass Moldova one’s parties people’s percent political Postmaterialism Postmaterialist values Pro-fertility norms publics real income reflect relatively religion religious Roots of Happiness Russia same-sex marriage satisfaction scores Self-expression values Silent Revolution Slovakia Slovenia social society’s subjective well-being support for Individual-choice survival for granted Sweden taking survival tend tion tolerance traditional trend vote willingness to fight World Values Survey world’s population xenophobia xenophobic