oliuete, to the ruin of the metre. Suppressing the minds me to add to my former note, referring to word mount, the first quatrain runs thus: "Ihesus went to ierusalem: gaand on his fete, And come he til a litel hil: men callis hit oliuete; Sex nightes be-fore pask [e] day with his he went in strete; Til his disciplis atte he led: such wordes spak he squete." Here we at once recognise what Dr. Guest calls the "common metre" among "Psalm metres," agreeing almost exactly with that in which "Meidan Maregrete" is written; for which see Mr. Cockayne's edition, p. 34. When only two lines are rimed together instead of four, we have the measure of the "Moral Ode" printed at p. 159 of Old English Homilies, edited by Mr. Morris, and only just published. A far more familiar example of the same is Chapman's translation of Homer. The word rime must, I think, be taken in a general sense, for the author of "Cursor Mundi" says he is about to amend his old rime, and to speak in a new rime. Still, the rime most commonly known by that simple name only is, I believe, the one consisting of pairs of eight-syllable lines, the metre of part of "Cursor Mundi," of Hampole's "Prick of Conscience," of the "Romaunt of the Rose," of "Havelok," and of Milton's "L'Allegro;" for this metre is much the easiest to compose in, and has always been a favourite one. Thus in "Havelok": "Here y schal biginnen a rym” "The rym is maked of Hauelok." "Forthi ich wolde biseken you, That hauen herd the rim nu.' " In Mr. Papworth's Ordinary of British Armorials (Part Ix. p. 437) is given: "Gu. a chev. erm. betw. 3 goats' heads erased arg. MARWOOD or MORWOOD, Little Bushby, co. York; Baronetcy, 1660; extinct. 1740. MERWOOD, Widworthy, co. Devon; coheirs m. Stevens, Wolcot, and Elton." I question the spelling Morwood for Marwood, of Nunthorpe and Little Busby; and, as sharing my doubt, the present representative and lineal descendant of this family (through a daughter of the first baronet), George Marwood, Esq., of Little Busby Hall, writes: "I have never seen the name of Morwood in any old deeds." Marwood is found in wills and inquisitions. Mention of these re the Yorkshire Marwoods (3rd S. iv. 143), that I have met with the entry (Harl. MS. 756) of an inquisition taken at York, "17 Julij, 31 El. p mort. Cut'b'ti Marwood de Nunthroppe in Cleaueland"; at which it was found that the said Cuthbert, "ob. 10 marcij vlt. willūs Marwood nepos et hæres Cut'b'ti et etat. 9 au. etc. tunc." Again, the printed pedigrees do not mention, among the brothers of Sir George, the name of "Henry Marwood, of the city of York, gentleman." In his will, dated Jan. 15, 1654-5, and proved in London Oct. 9, 1656, he "sister Wetherall, brother Matthews and sister, and his nephew Henry Marwood," thus showing his relationship to Sir George Marwood. utmost confidence from speaks of his With regard to the spelling Merwood, for the family seated at Sutton and at Cookshays in "Widworthy," and their branches in other parishes lying round Honiton, I can speak with readin eading their wills in London and Exeter and seeing their signatures, besides making copies of inscriptions on their monuments and gravestones, in addition to extracts from parish registers. They never wrote themselves other than Marwood, nor did their progenitors so far back as the reign of Elizabeth; and this is enough for my purpose, since their residence in Widworthy was comparatively recent, the manor being bought of the representatives of Chichester at the beginning of the last century only. I am not, however, ignorant of the spelling in question; for Sir W. Pole (Collections, &c.) persistently writes Merwood (Merwoode) for the parish and family in the north of Devon. On the other hand, Thomas Westcote (who came from Shobrook in that part of the county), Risdon, and the Heralds' Visitations for 1565 and 1620, have Marwood for the same. I shall not resist the fact, that the name of the northern parish was spelt formerly with an e, for the manor appears in Domesday - Merehode, Mereude. Moreover, I see in Marwood church (near Barnstaple), on the double doors of an elaborate traceried oak screen, which parts the "Westcott Aisle" on the nave side, the words (running across the four subdivisions): | PSON OF ME REWOODE This "Westcott (Westcote) Aisle," which adjoins the chancel northwards, was the buryingplace of the Marwoods of West Marwood, or Westcote, now represented by Mr. Chichester of * From this division of the parish came Thomas Westcote, the gallant soldier and friend of Kings Henry IV. and V., who, marrying the daughter and heiress of Sir Thomas Littleton, of Frankley, Knt., on the undertaking that their male heir should bear the mother's name, became the father of the famous judge, and direct ancestor of Lord Lyttelton. Hall, whose ancestor married one of the two coheiresses temp. Elizabeth. On my visit (Sept. 18, 1865) I could find but two flat stones recording the burial of members of this family, both "John Marwood, of Westcotte, Esqvier." One remains in the "Aisle" with an inscription much worn, the name remaining, but the date, &c. hidden by a block of pewing to half the depth of the lettering; the other has been moved into the centre gangway of the chancel from its former position alongside the east wall of the Westcott aisle, and immediately beneath the monument of Mrs. Anna Chichester, widow of John Chichester, of Hall, Esq., and daughter "of the Honbie Arthur Bassett, of Heanton, Knight." My informant was the old clerk, Henry Hill, then (1865) in his eighty-ninth year, who "minded it quite well." But I have strayed from my text, which is, or should be, the correctness of the arms given. They are undoubtedly so quartered by the descendants; at the same time it is worthy of notice that I find in Widworthy church, on a monument to "three brothers"-James, Thomas, and Benedictus Marwood (the second being the continuator of the line, and grandfather of the coheiresses) the goats' heads ermine, instead of argent. The same distinction was visible in 1791 (Gent. Mag., vol. lxi. p. 609), on the monument of Robert Marwood, of Cookshays (nephew of the three brothers, and only son and heir of John Marwood of Bere); but, when I explored the church (Aug. 21, 1861), the bearings had peeled off the marble on which they had been painted, and left it bare. "Coheirs m. Stevens, Wolcot, and Elton." Now, there were four coheiresses, thus in order of birth: 1. Sarah Bridget: married, first, Henry Stevens of Cross; secondly, John Inglett Fortescue of Buckland Filleigh. No issue. 2. Frances: married Edward Elton of Bristol (great-grandson of Sir Ab. Elton, first baronet); issue, represented by Sir Edw. Marwood Elton, Bart., of Widworthy Court. 3. Mary: married Rev. George Notley of Combe, Sydenham Hall;* issue represented by James Thomas Benedictus Notley, Esq., of the ❘ same. 4. Bridget: married James Huyshe Wolcott (two t's) of Lyme, Dorset; their sole daughter and heiress, Sarah, married Rev. Harry Farr Yeatman of Stock House, Dorset, whose grandson is the present representative. A final word as to the crest. That of the East Devonshire Marwoods was a ram couchant argent (or proper), attired or. This crest (though mistakenly called in Polwhele a goat) I find, on a The scene of the "Legend of Sir Francis Drake" (3rd S. iii. 506). wreath sable and gules, in a well-cut figure on the above-mentioned monument of Robert Marwood, who died in 1733 (not "1755," as misprinted in Polwhele). A similar ram is on a hatchment hung up in the church tower, and also on the seals to deeds executed by members of the family. But the Yorkshire Marwoods, from an exemplification of their arms and crest made at Heralds' College in 1809, and kindly copied for me by Geo. Marwood, Esq., add a mound vert: "Crest on a wreath of the colours. On a hill vert, a ram jacent argent, horned and hoofed gold." JOHN A. C. VINCENT. THE SEAL FOR VIRGINIA. It was not until the year 1619 that anything was done by the London Colony of the Virginia Company relative to a seal for Virginia. Then at one of their meetings a committee was appointed to meet at the residence of Sir Edwin Sandys "to take a cote for Virginia, and agree upon the seale." Subsequently, on November 15, 1619, the following statement appears in their manuscript Transactions: "Concerning the legal seal, spoken of in the last Court, the Auditors at their assembly have therein taken some pains, which they now present to this Court, and whereas they had spoken to one for the cutting of it, there is one Mr. Hole, who would appropriate that unto himself, under pretence of having a patent for the engraving of all seals, which hath the king's arms, or any part thereof: and therefore appoint them to repair to Mr. Christopher Brooke of Lincoln's Inn to examine it; and to bring his opinion, under his hand, in writing, and accordingly it should be determined." The Mr. Hole referred to in the minute was William Hole or Hoole, engraver of the Map of Virginia, printed in 1612, and re-issued in 1624 in Smith's General History. In 1618 he obtained a life grant as "sculptor of the iron for money." The following anecdote from the Weever manuscripts is told by Hunter: King James evidently did not like the proceedings of the Virginia Company, and when the device of the seal was presented to him, where on one side was St. George slaying the dragon, with the motto "Fas alium superare draconem," meaning the unbelief of the natives, he commanded that the motto should be omitted. The motto on the other side, "En dat Virginia quintum," allusive to the four crowns, was in the taste of the times. The device after this criticism seems to have been modified, and in 1624 appears in the engraved frontispiece to Smith's General History. It may be briefly described as a crested escutcheon, with the arms of England and France, Scotland and Ireland, in chief; bars in base; surmounted by Neptune, trident in hand, riding on a sea-horse. Supporters: On one side a female with a dove on the shoulder, one hand on the es cutcheon, a book in the other, probably bly a representation of Christianity: on the opposite side also a female holding instruments, perhaps the symbol of civilisation. Motto: "Incognita gens serviet mihi." The device of the reverse is also in the frontispiece, and is more familiar, having been used, with a slight alteration of the motto, as the coat of arms of Virginia until its separation from Great Britain. The escutcheon is quartered with the arms of England and France, Scotland and Ireland, crested by a maiden queen with flowing hair and eastern crown. Supporters: Two men in armour, beavers open, helmets ornamented with three ostrich feathers, each holding a lance. Motto: "En dat Virginia quintum." Spenser, Raleigh's friend, dedicated his Fairy Queen to Elizabeth, "Queen of England, France, Ireland, and Virginia." After James of Scotland succeeded to the throne of England, Virginia would be called the fifth kingdom. On the title-page of the Revised Statutes of Virginia for 1733, 1752, and 1759, the arms appear with the motto "En Virginia dat quartam," the adjective agreeing with coronam," understood. This alteration was probably made after the Act of 1707 uniting England and Scotland. Washington City, U.S.A. E. D. N. PIECES FROM MANUSCRIPTS.-No. III. HOW CATO WAS A PAYNYM AND A CHRISTIAN TOо. (From the Fairfax MS. 14, Bodleian Library.) Here is a pleasant character of Cato-the MiddleAge philosopher identified with the Roman senator-with a lesson for those who are fond of leaving people "to the uncovenanted mercies of God." The piece is from the end of a MS. of the English Cursor Mundi, with strong dialectal peculiarities - squa for swa, squink for swink, squeche for which, &c.; about which we shall, doubtless, hear from Mr. Richard Morris when he edits the poem for the Early English Text Society. His "ticket" mentioning the other MSS. of the Cursor is pasted inside the cover of the Fairfax MS. F. J. FURNIVALL. (End of MS.) Curtaise catoun bus endis his resoun of mannis manere, as he tazt his sone. witte mai bai lere. In alle he accordis, in his teychinge in gode maneris, to be his feris In his wonyng. Amen. Stokynbrig scripsit istum librum. Willelmo Keruour de Lance. PEDIGREE SOCIETIES. - It has often occurred to me to suggest in your columns, that it would be a very good thing if the members of our historic families would take a hint from what has been done in America. There, I understand that in several instances societies have been formed for the investigation of the pedigree of a particular house. It would be very useful if we had a Cromwell society for this purpose. Surely no one sprung from the great Protector would grudge a small yearly sum towards the elucidation of that pedigree. There are few things which I desire to see more ardently than a complete pedigree, with proofs, of all the descendants of Oliver Cromwell. CORNUB. COACH BLINDS AND DOORS A CENTURY AGO. Goldsmith, in his Vicar of Wakefield, chap. xxx., in the account of the abduction of the Vicar's younger daughter Sophia, has the following in her own narration of the affair: "He flattered and threatened by turns, and swore that if I continued but silent, he intended no harm. In the mean time I had broken the canvass that he had drawn up, and whom should I perceive at a distance but your old friend Mr. Burchell." And in his Citizen of the World occurs the following passage (Letter xxx.): ... "I had the precaution to pull up the window as I went At along, to keep off the busy part of mankind length, however, the wished-for moment of its (the coach's) stopping arrived, and letting down the door in a transport, in order to take a previous view of his lordship's palace and situation, ... .. It would seem from the first quotation that when this book was written, above a century ago, there were blinds of canvas to coach-windows, which drew up inside the glass, and were of course stretched upon frames. But my query is, what are we to understand by letting down the door? It is impossible to imagine the whole door made to let down. Are we then to suppose that "door" is here a misprint for window, or does the text Car. XLVI. has the distinct mention of Nicea mean letting down the window as forming part of FRENCH DROVE, WHITTLESEA. In a case tried at the Cambridgeshire Assizes to-day, a witness was called, a thoroughly English labourer, but answering to the apparently French name of Forvague. He described himself as living at "French Drove, Whittlesea." I was informed that there has been a French colony at this place for a long period. This witness in telling his story spoke of a "back-jetty," which was explained to mean a causeway at the back of his house-evidently from the French jetée. I am not aware if anything is known of the history of this French immigration to the Fens. Norfolk Circuit, July 31. C. G. PROWETT. DANIEL DEFOE AND JOHN DOVE, D.D.-Everyone knows the opening lines of Defoe's True-born Englishman, originally published in 1701 : "Wherever God erects a house of prayer, The devil always builds a chapel there." Nearly a century before, and about half a century before Defoe was born, viz. in 1613, Dr. John Dove, in a book very rarely to be met with now "The Conversion of Salomon, a direction to holinesse of life, handled by way of Commentarie vpon the whole Book of Canticles. " furnishes the same quaint idea in almost the identical words, as follows: "In the Church there is, and alwaies hath bin, from the very infancie of it, a great multitude of false teachers. Where God buildeth a Church, there Satan erecteth a Chappell," &c. &c. 15, St. Alban's Place, Blackburn. A. B. GROSART. "Linquantur Phrygii, Catulle, campi, An Nicæa being probably the port sailed from. The only points not accounted for are the "barks," more than one, and the "perfumed sea"; both of which, I think, may well be set down to the free play of imagination in the modern poet. agreement on points so minute is not to be looked for in such a case. It need hardly be pointed out how the charm of the modern poem, and the compliment to the lady addressed, are enhanced by an allusion which is not simply to the fact of the return home, but also to the deeply felt poetical sentiment with which the verses of Catullus have QUATENUS. invested it. "In mare irato, in subita procella, CULLEN POTS. - It would appear from the following entry in the Calendar of State Papers (Domestic), under the date of October 7, 1626, NICEAN BARKS. - The allusion intended in that the above name, given to certain stone-ware E. A. Poe's lines "Helen, thy beauty is to me Like those Nicéan barks of yore, To his own native shore" has been already the subject of discussion in "Ν. & Q."* I would now suggest whether the allusion may not be to the return of Catullus from Bithynia, a very prominent event in his biography as known from his poems? Of these Car. IV., Phaselus ille, shows him returning in a boat of Pontic pine to the neighbourhood of Verona, his birthplace, Car. XXXI., Pene insularum Sirmio, bears out the "weary way-worn wanderer," in the lines: - "Cum mens onus reponit, ac peregrino Labore fessi venimus larem ad nostrum;" [* See "N. & Q.," 3rd S. iii. 8, 99, 287; v. 268.] jugs, may probably not have been, as hitherto supposed, from their being made at, and imported from Cologne, but from the name of one of the manufacturers of them in this country: PETER PINDAR AS AN ARTIST.-Much has been said in " N. & Q." as to the literary productions of Dr. Wolcot, and some slight reference has been made to him as an artist, but I do not recollect that notice has been taken of a work of his entitledon "Six Picturesque Views from paintings by Peter Pindar, Esq., engraved in Aquatinta, by Alkin, with poetical allusions to the different scenes, &c. London, 1797. Price One Guinea plain, and Two Guineas coloured." ADVERSE AND AVERSE. - Is there any rule whereby in writing and speaking to give effect to the etymological distinction embodied in the phrases adverse to and averse from? Johnson says that both averse and aversion should properly be used with from before the object of dislike; but that both are very frequently, though improperly, followed by to. Lord Macaulay appears to adopt the latter form. Speaking of the state of parties in the time of Charles I., he says: "The great majority of those who fought for the crown were averse to despotism; and the great majority of the champions of popular rights were averse to anarchy."Hist. of Eng. vol. i. chap. i. p. 100. J. EMERSON TENNENT. R. BENNET, Master of Carlisle House School, Lambeth, author of Poems, 1820. Can you give me the date of the author's death, or any biographical particulars regarding him ? R. INGLIS. W. CHURCHEY of Hay, Brecknockshire, is author of Poems, 1789, 4to. Can you give me the date of his death or any other biographical particulars regarding him? R. INGLIS. FOUR AISLES. - Kendal church has four aisles coextensive with the nave and chancel. It is one of the largest churches in the kingdom, being 140 feet long and 103 feet wide. This arrangement of aisles (two on each side) is very rare in England. Examples: Chichester Cathedral; Ot tery St. Mary; All Saints, Yelvertoft, Northants; and St. Andrew, Collompton, Devon. Wanted other examples. JOHN PIGGOT, JUN. HESSEY. Can any of your correspondents give me the correct spelling of Hessey or Hessay, a township in the parish of Moor-Monkton, in the East Riding of the county of York? It is spelt Hessey in Lewis's Topographical Dictionary of England, London, 1837, and Hessay in the Gazetteer of the World, 1856, and the railway bills adopt the latter spelling; but I want some older authority. My impression is, that the former is the more correct. I should be glad also to obtain any information as to the tract of land, now I believe enclosed, called Hessey Moor, or Hessay Moor. D. C. L. ISIAC BRONZE TABLE, taken at the sack of Rome in 1527, and preserved in the Royal Gallery of Turin. In what (if any) printed work are the subjects engraved on this table figured? J. B. M. IRON TENNIS-BALLS. - The Records of the Ironmongers' Company, from the 10th of Edward IV. to the 26th of Henry VIII., contain a great number of entries relating to the sale of tennis-balls, of which the following are a few examples: "Tem. Ed. IV. Resseyued of Robt Tooke for teneis وو balles, iiili. Ric. I. Wm Bruyth owith for a grosse of ballys, xvid. Rychard Smyth of Newgatt owth for ii grosse Hen. VIII. Wm Portlought owth for Iohn Saykyn peny of the balls with his grot, xiid. Itm Rs of Maystres bentley of the tennys play for a yeare, ii." Query. Were tennis-balls for a short time, and at this period, made of iron? Any elucidation of this subject will be thankfully received. LACEMAKERS' SONGS. "The song we had last night. N. 1 Mark it, Cesario, it is old and plain : I should like to know if any of the songs which the lacemakers of times past sung are in existence, and where they are to be found. Am I right in believing that the free maids, noticed by Shakspeare in the above passage, were lacemakers? Any information on this subject will oblige SIDNEY BEISLY. LEACH, BALL, COFFIN, AND EDES FAMILIES. — John Leach, born in London about 1724, said to have been a midshipman, and went to America |