on Monday, having fallen to 40-2° on Sunday. Rain was measured on two days to the amount of '073 inch, 043 inch being credited to Tues. day and 030 inch to Monday. The prevailing winds were E. and E.N.E. The week ended Saturday, the 16th, witnessed a plunge into midwinter with its attendant frosts and snows. The mean temperature was no less than 9.1° lower than that of the previous week (40-8° compared with 49-9°) and nearly all the precipitation was in the form of snow and hail. At the beginning the weather was fine and dry as well as moderately warm with light easterly breezes by day and some haze or fog by night, when the air periodically fell calm. During this period the diurnal range of temperature was very large at inland stations-at Cambridge the thermometer fell from 70° on Sunday the 10th to 29° during the ensuing night; at Parsonstown the extremes in the same time were-max. 67°, min. 31°. In Dublin the range was much less-max. 53.6°, min. 38.9° on Sunday. On Tuesday depressions began to pass southwards across Scandinavia and the North Sea, with the result that the wind freshened from N.W., N., and N.E., and falls of cold rain, hail, and snow became very general. This state of things lasted to the close of the week, which thus proved very inclement. In Dublin the mean height of the barometer was 29.849 inches, pressure ranging between 30-004 inches at 9 a.m. of Sunday (wind E.N.E.), and 29-662 inches at 2 p.m. of Saturday (wind N.N.E.). The corrected mean temperature was 40.8°. The mean dry ulb readings at 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. were 40.0°. The screened thermometers ose to 56-6° on Monday and fell to 27.3° on Friday, when also the grass ninimum was only 22.0°. The rainfall amounted to 283 inch on three lays. It was almost entirely in the form of snow and hail. On Tuesday he measurement was 176 inch. The prevailing winds were N.E. and V.W. At first the nights were calm and foggy.

Opening with very severe winterly weather, the week ended Saturday, he 23rd, ultimately proved very favourable, genial and springlike. The nean temperature of Easter Day, 1892, was in Dublin only 360°, or 7° below that of Christmas Day, 1891. In the early morning the round was covered with snow, and snow and sleet fell in frequent howers during the afternoon. Monday was fine, but very cold, with a ry nipping air-at night sharp frost occurred, the thermometer falling 29-3° in the screen and to 23.4° on the grass. On Tuesday a change › much milder weather began. Up to this time the barometer had been west over the North Sea, highest off the west of Ireland-hence a revalence of northerly winds and low temperatures. From Tuesday nwards the area of lowest pressure was found in the N.W. and N., so at southwesterly to westerly winds predominated, accompanied by much igher temperatures and passing showers at times. A wave of high ressure passed eastwards over the country on Friday night, and was llowed by a new depression in the northwest on Saturday, causing a

much-needed fall of rain on the afternoon of that day. In Dublin the mean height of the barometer was 30.190 inches, pressure ranging from 29.868 inches at 9 a.m. of Sunday (wind, N.) to 30-429 inches at 9 am. of Saturday (wind W. by N.). The corrected mean temperature was 47-3o. The mean dry bulb readings at 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. were 47.4°. The screened thermometers fell to 28.1° on Sunday and rose to 63.8° on Wednesday. Rain fell in measurable quantity on four days to the amount of 163 inch, of which 125 inch was collected on Saturday. The prevailing winds were-first, N,; afterwards S. W. and W. An aurora borealis appeared on Saturday night.

Changeable, rather cold, but not unfavourable weather held throughout the week ended Saturday, the 30th. The general tendency was for the advance over Northern and Western Europe of numerous depressions, of no great depth, from the northwestward. These systems kept the weather in an unsettled, rainy or showery state, while varying winds from Polar quarters (N.W. to E.) prevailed. The night temperatures were decidedly low, and notwithstanding many intervals of bright sunshine very little advance in temperature occurred even by day. The most striking feature of the week was a splendid display of aurora borealis on Monday night-it was seen from most parts of the British Isles. In central and eastern England heavy showers of hail and sleet, accompanied by thunder and lightning, fell on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. In Dublin also hail fell on each of these days, there was a heavy downpour of rain on Sunday night, and a cold rain set in on Friday shortly after midnight, which fell in the form of snow on the mountains south of the city. In Dublin the mean height of the barometer was 30-014 inches, pressure varying between 30-411 inches at 9 a.m. of Sunday (wind, N.W.), and 29-655 inches at 9 a.m. of Wednesday (wind, W.N.W.). The corrected mean temperature was 45.6°, or 1·7° below that of the preceding week. The mean dry bulb readings at 9 a.m. and 9 p.m. were 45-4°. On Saturday the thermometers in the screen rose to 57.8°, having been down to 33.9° during the previous night. The rainfall was 595 inch on four days. Of this quantity 410 inch was entered to Sunday. The prevailing wind was northwesterly.

The rainfall in Dublin during the four months ending April 30th has amounted to 5.922 inches on 61 days compared with only 3.205 inches on 46 days during the same period in 1891, 9-045 inches on 59 days in 1890, 8.345 inches on 74 days in 1889, 8-090 inches on 58 days in 1888, and a 25 years' average of 8.466 inches on 66-2 days.

At Knockdolian, Greystones, Co. Wicklow, the rainfall during April, 1892, amounted to only 648 of an inch, distributed over 10 days; -250 inch falling on the 24th. The total fall since January 1st, 1892, equals only 4.853 inches on 50 days.

PERISCOPE.

PRESENTATION TO SIR GEORGE BUCHANAN, F.R.S.

As our readers are doubtless aware, Sir George Buchanan has lately resigned the post of Medical Officer of the Local Government Board for England. A Committee has been formed with a view to forwarding a movement for enabling those interested in public health throughout the country to give expression to the high estimation in which they hold the important work which Sir George Buchanan has done and for affording some opportunity for the recognition of his conspicuous services in the cause of Preventive Medicine. Under these circumstances it has been decided to open a subscription list (not to exceed two guineas from each contributor) with a view to presenting to Sir George Buchanan some permanent memento of the esteem in which he and his work are held. The Council of the Society of Medical Officers of Health has expressed a lesire to be associated with the Committee in inviting subscriptions to the fund. Dr. J. S. Bristowe is the hon. treasurer. The honorary secretaries, to whom contributions may be sent, are-W. H. Hamer, Esq., Ladywell, 69 Dartmouth Park Hill, London, N.W., and J. C. Thresh, Esq., The Limes, Chelmsford, Essex.

BACILLUS LEPRÆ.

ACCORDING to the Occidental Medical Times, this microbe, which had been liscovered after laborious research, has been lost again. The Indian Jeprosy Commission have not succeeded in cultivating their bacillus. After submitting it to Fränkel and Baumgarten, they declare that their ultivated product is not morphologically identical with the bacillus of eprosy. The new bacillus is the "Bacillus epidermidis,” identical with he carcinoma bacillus. So, at least, Baumgarten says.

LAPAROTOMY FOR INTESTINAL PERFORATION IN ENTERIC FEVER.

R. WELLER VAN HOOK reports (Medical News, Philadelphia, November 1, 1891) a successful case of laparotomy for perforation in enteric fever. The operation was done 9 hours after perforation, the opening was bout 2 mm. in diameter; three longitudinal rows of Lembert sutures vere used.

HYPERPYREXIA IN ACUTE RHEUMATISM.

OR ALEX. ROBERTSON reports (Glasgow Medical Journal, November, 891) a case of hyperpyrexia in acute rheumatism. The highest temerature observed was 106-8°. The patient was put into a bath at 90° F.,

which was reduced by the addition of cold water to 71°. The patient was kept in the water for twenty-five minutes, at the end of which time the temperature was 101.4° F., and the pulse had fallen from 160 to 120. Five minutes after being placed in bed the temperature had fallen to 97.2°. The case ended in recovery, but pre-systolic murmur at the apex was established.

NEW PREPARATIONS AND SCIENTIFIC INVENTIONS.

Therapeutical Novelties.

MESSRS. BURROUGHS, WELLCOME, and Co., of Snow Hill Buildings, London, E.C., have placed in our hands a number of preparations which they have recently introduced :

1. The first of these preparations is called "Malto-Ricine." It is a mixture of Kepler Extract of Malt, with 50 per cent. of the finest castor oil-hence the name. So intimately mixed are the ingredients that this Kepler Extract of castor oil and malt extract may be described as a solution rather than as an emulsion. The malt extract sufficiently cloaks the disagreeable taste of castor oil, so that this preparation will no doubt be readily taken by children. The dose varies from one to four teaspoonfuls, and it may be taken plain or mixed with milk.

2. "Hazeline Snow" is a very elegant emollient toilet preparation of hazeline (50 per cent.), lanoline, and presumably oxide of zinc. It rubs in thoroughly, so that it leaves no trace of greasiness behind it. As a remedy for chapped hands this ointment promises to surpass all previous claimants for public favour.

3. The "Compound Menthol Snuff" is stated to be composed of menthol, chloride of ammonium, cocain, lycopodium, and camphor. It is an agree able combination for insufflation in coryza, and is of course possessed o both anodyne and antiseptic properties.

4. Mr. Hugh Lane, in his work on "Differentiation in Rheumatic Diseases," of which the second edition has just been published by Messrs J. & A. Churchill, of London, speaks highly of a combination of sulphur, salicylate of quinine, and benzoate of lithium, as an excellent remedy in chronic rheumatic arthritis. Messrs. Burroughs, Wellcome, & Co. hare made up his formula in tabloid form. Each sugar-coated tabloid consists of 2 grains of precipitated sulphur, one-third of a grain of salicylate quinine, 3 grains of benzoate of lithia, saccharin, &c., 100 parts. Fi to seven of these tabloids may be taken every morning, and this treat ment-according to Mr. Lane-persevered in for some time, hardly ever fails to produce more or less good results-even in obstinate cases chronic rheumatic arthritis.

INDEX

TO THE NINETY-THIRD VOLUME.