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in the Department de l'Aube, the weavers of fine cloths get fr. 1.75, stockingmakers, fr. 1, cotton-spinners, fr. 1.50 per day, reelers and winders, fr. 1, tanners, 2 fr. to 2 fr. 10 c.; at St. Etienne, the wages paid to the miners are, diggers, fr. 3.50, drawers, fr. 3 per day; at Rive de Gier, fr. 4.25 and fr. 3.50; nailors receive either 7 to 10 centimes per lb., or from fr. 1 to fr 1.50 per 1,000. The tenders on silk worms are paid from 50 c. to 1 fr. per day. Women employed in reeling silk, receive 1 fr. per lb. At the forge of Janon (Vienne), a master founder is paid 8 fr., a founder, 4 fr. to 5 fr., a labourer, 2 fr., and a boy from fr. 1 to fr. 1.25 per day. At Rive de Gier, the labouring makers of coke receive from fr. 2 to fr. 2.50 per day.

The "Ponts et Chausseés" pay their labourers 36 fr. per calendar month. -Dupin, p. 263.

M. Dupin, as the result of his observations and investigations as to the medium price of manufacturing labour, calculates fr. 2.26 for the northern, and fr. 1.89 for the southern provinces of France;-giving, with a reference to the whole population, fr. 2.06 as the average rate.-Sundry Sources.

Statistic of the number of Houses, and the Inhabitants in the chief Cities of

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The Chief Cities of the World, with their distance from Paris.

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PAGE 153. THESE reports are too long to find their room in the Appendix ; but they are most interesting to any one wishing to know the state of parties at that time in France, and the causes which, gradually developing themselves, produced the revolution of July. They are to be found in the History of the Restoration, to which I have once or twice referred, a book very unequally written, and far too long for the matter it contains, but still presenting, in a collected form, more information of the time it treats of than can elsewhere be met with. M. Lacretelle's work is also worth attending to.

PAGE 171. The address first expressed the consent of the Chamber to the views taken by his majesty relative to the negociations that were opened for the reconciliation of the princes of the House of Braganza, and the wish that a termination should be put to the evils under which Portugal was groaning. "Sans porter atteinte au principe sacré de la légitimité, inviolable pour les rois non moins que pour les peuples.

66 'Cependant, Sire, au milieu des sentimens unanimes de respect et d'affection dont votre peuple vous entoure, il se manifeste dans les esprits une vive inquiétude qui trouble la sécurité dont la France avait commencé à jouir, altère les sources de sa prospérité, et pourrait, si elle se prolongeait, devenir funeste à son repos. Notre conscience, notre honneur, la fidélité que nous vous avons jurée, et que nous vous garderons toujours, nous imposent le devoir de vous en dévoiler la cause. La charte, que nous devons à la sagesse de votre auguste prédécesseur, et dont votre Majesté a la ferme volonté de consolider le bienfait, consacre comme un droit l'intervention du pays dans la délibération des intérêts publics.

"Cette intervention devait être, elle est, en effet, indirecte, sagement mesurée, circonscrite dans des limites exactement tracées, et que nous ne souffrirons jamais que l'on ose tenter de franchir; mais elle est positive dans son résultat, car elle fait, du concours permanent des vues politiques de votre gouvernement avec les vœux de votre peuple, la condition indispensable de la marche régulière des affaires publiques. Sire, notre loyauté, notre dévouement, nous condamnent à vous dire que ce concours n'existe pas. Une défiance injuste des sentimens et de la raison de la France est aujourd'hui la pensée fondamentale de l'administration: votre peuple s'en afflige, parce qu'elle est injurieuse pour lui, il s'en inquiète, parce qu'elle est menaçante pour ses libertés. Cette défiance ne saurait approcher de votre noble cœur. Non, Sire, la France ne veut pas plus de l'anarchie que vous ne voulez du despotisme; elle est digne que vous ayez foi dans sa loyauté comme elle a foi dans vos promesses. Entre ceux, qui méconnaissent une nation si calme, si fidèle, et nous qui, avec une conviction profonde, venons déposer dans votre sein les douleurs de tout un peuple jaloux de l'estime et de la confiance de son roi, que la haute sagesse de votre Majesté prononce! Ses royales

prerogatives ont placé dans ses mains les moyens d'assurer entre les pouvoirs de l'état cette harmonie constitutionnelle, première et nécessaire condition de a force du trône et de la grandeur de la France."

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All Frenchmen are equal in the eye of the law, whatsoever be their titles or ranks.

II.

They are to contribute indiscriminately, according to their several fortunes to the support of the state.

III.

They are all equally admissible to all civil and military employments.

IV.

Their individual liberty is equally assured; no one can be prosecuted or arrested but in cases provided for by the law, and according to its prescribed forms.

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Every person may with equal liberty profess his religion and obtain for his creed the same protection.

VI.

Nevertheless, the Catholic, Apostolic, and Roman religion is the established religion of the state.-(Suppressed in the new charta.)

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All property is inviolable, 'without any exception for that which is termed national, the law knowing no distinction between them.

X

The state can demand the sacrifice of a property legally proved to be for the public weal, but with a previous indemnification.

* The articles running across the page and not in columns are the same in both the chartas.

XI.

All inquiry as to opinions and votes previous to the restoration are forbidded; also all judicial prosecutions for the same to drop.

XII.

The conscription is abolished; the recruiting for the army and navy is provided for by a law.

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The King's person is inviolable and sacred; his ministers are responsible. The King alone is invested with the executive power.

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Every law ought to be freely discussed and voted by the majority of both the Chambers.

XIX.

The Chambers have the right to request the King to propose a law for any object, and to suggest the best mode of framing the law they wish him to propose.

XX.

This demand can be made by either of the Chambers; but, after having passed a special committee, it shall not be forwarded to the other Chamber under the space of ten days.

(Articles XIX. and xx. are suppressed in the new charta.)

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The civil list is fixed for the whole reign by the first legislative sitting that is held after the accession.

XXIV.

The Chamber of Peers is an essential portion of the legislative power.

XXV.

It is convoked by the King conjointly with the Chamber of Deputies. The session of both begins and ends at the same time.

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The creation of Peers of France belongs exclusively to the King. Their number is unlimited; he can make them either for life or hereditary.

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Peers can take their seats in the Chamber at twenty-five years of age, but cannot speak or discuss until thirty years of age.

XXIX.

The Chamber of Peers has for president the Chancellor of France; during his absence a peer appointed by the King.

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The princes cannot take their seat in the Chamber but by order of the King, given for each session by a message, under pain of rendering null and void all that may have been passed in their presence.-(Suppressed.)

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To the Chamber of Peers belongs the right of prosecution for high treason, or for state-offences, according to law.

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