We shall be free; th' Almighty hath not built
Here for his envy, will not drive us hence:"

If the reference be to the happy mansion built by the Almighty in Heaven, which might well be said to have been built for the envy of those who were excluded from it, one would expect the last line to run "Here for our envy," &c.; as it is, the envy is attributed to the party in possession, and not to the party ejected or excluded.

An accomplished friend suggested to me that, in the above passage, built is a substantive, having the sense of σκοπός, i. e., a mark or target. Obviously, if built had such a sense, its use here would be most appropriate. But, unfortunately, I cannot find that the substantive built had any other meaning than build, which meant, and means, form or figure. My friend referred me to Dryden's Annus Mirabilis for an instance, but the passage proves nothing to the point :

"And as the built, so different is the fight;

Their mounting shot is on our sails designed." Certainly, if built be used here for mark or object, the sense is perfect; but it is so likewise if built means the build of the ship of war from which the shot proceeded. Another instance which he gave me, from Temple, “timber proper for this built," is still more doubtful. Having collated a good many editions of Paradise Lost (including the first and second), I have not found a single variation in the passage in question; but an examination of various versions of the work has repaid the search. In William Hog's Paraphrasis Poetica, 1690, our passage is thus elegantly rendered :

Now here, beyond doubt, we have the very sense suggested by my friend. There can be no doubt that materiam here means occasion or ground. It is so used in Suetonius, who, in his Life of Galba, conveys by that word the occasion of Nero's jealousy. I need not stay to insist on the value of Hog's translation as a contemporary evidence of Milton's meaning. In 1740, Paradise Lost was "Attempted in Rhime"; and the author of that absurd attempt thus renders our passage :-

"here at least

We shall be free; for here the Victor Prince,
Built not for Envy, will not drive us hence,"

so he took Milton's built for the past participle of build. In 1745, a still more absurd version was published, viz., an English translation of Raymond de St. Maur's French version of Paradise

Lost. The re-translator, "A Gentleman of Oxford," thus turns our passage :

"At least here we shall be free, the Thunderer hatlı

not built this Place for his Envy, he will not drive us

out from hence," &c.

so he took built in the same sense; but he does not remove the difficulty of the phrase "for his Envy," which his predecessor effected by omitting the possessive pronoun. We have, then, succeeded thus far only; we have proved that, in Milton's day, built was understood as a substantive, meaning occasion or ground of the Almighty's envy; but we have not been able to prove that built was used (unless by Milton himself) in that sense. I shall be greatly obliged to any reader of this note who shall be able and willing to furnish me with evidence of such use.

Athenæum Club.

JABEZ,

"UBLOGAHELL." - Would some of your Irish readers state the meaning and true spelling of this word, which occurs in Camden's Remaines? It seems probable that it is some strange attempt at giving, in English language and letters, the phonetic spelling of some Irish word, or words, in

use at the time when Camden wrote. Just as in the State Papers of the time of Henry VIII. we find a word written "Allyiegs," and "oylegeags," for an Irish exaction, explained as a fee said to have been paid by each litigant party, both plaintiff and defendant, to the Brehon appointed by the Irish Chiefs, or by the Anglo-Irish Lords who had adopted Irish customs, for his judgment; the purport and etymology of which is to be found, as we are told, in the Irish words Oilegh, a Brehon or Judge, and eag, payment.

The word printed "Allyiegs," at p. 558, vol. ii., of the State Papers, in a letter written by Ormond to Sir Anthony Sentleger, the Lord-Deputy, dated at Fethard, 12th March, 1538, and signed P. Or

mond and Oss, among "like exaccions and extorcions," would appear to be the same as that spelt "Oylegeags," which we find in a note by the editors of the brief substance of the several presentments made by the juries for each of the counties in the South, except Tipperary, in 1537, where we are told that according to the Waterford presentments, "the Brehon who was ordained," or appointed by the Lady Katharine Poer, took for his judgment, called "Oylegeag," 16d. of every mark sterling, both of the plaintiff and defendant. But instead of the words oilegh, or Brehon, and eag, payment, which would seem to have been coined for the occasion, I would venture to substitute ollamh, or ollave, a judge, a man of education; and easg, or nisgeacht, as the Irish for hire, or wages, the former words not occurring in any Irish Glossary with which I am acquainted; while we find a clue in O'Donovan's Supplement to the late Edward O'Reilly's Dictionary, in which Dulcinne is explained by tuach saetair (for which he gives as his authority "an old glossary"), which I take to import the same, or nearly so, as tuach leasa, the price or reward of welfare, and saetar, or in more modern Irish, saotar, which imports work, labour, or drudgery. "Ublogahell" would seem to have been used or intended (but I write from memory, not having Camden's Remaines before me at this moment) as a title, a designation of some stone of inauguration, or place of meeting of the Irish, perhaps like Tullahogue, where they "made" the great "Oneyll" in the time of Queen Elizabeth, or Kilmacrenan, in the County of Donegal. J. HUBAND SMITH.

Royal Irish Academy, Dublin.

"NO WHEN."-A few evenings ago, I asked a small boy of mine, of three years and four months, if he had been "crying," as, in the morning, he had been in disgrace. His reply at once was, "I haven't cried again to day no when." As “ no how" and "no where" are correct, why not "no when," and if so, has it ever been in use, or is this infant to be credited with a new word, though in perfect ignorance of everything but baby language?

Κ.

and dance so famous in the French Revolution. I inquired also for the music of the Ca ira. The latter I received from your late respected contributor F. C. H., but I have never yet succeeded in getting the Carmagnole. I have the words, at least some of them, because I believe it was what is called in these days a "topical" song, and verses were added from time to time to suit the events of the day. Can any new contributor help me to find the music? Dickens, in his Tale of Two Cities, has a most graphic and, I should think, accurate description of the Carmagnole dance: who was his authority for the description?

JONATHAN BOUCHIER.

"THE PILGRIM'S PROGRESS." - In the Guardian of June 17, there occurs the following, in a letter of the Rev. W. J. Stracey, of Buxton, Norfolk :

"In a letter I have by me, dated Jan. 26, 1866, I am told by the writer that 'Miss C-- has published a translation, for private circulation, from a French MS. copy in the British Museum Library, of The Pilgrimage of the Soule, by Guillaume de Guilleville, a Churchman, who flourished in the fifteenth century. The original work was translated in England seventy years before the Reformation, and was printed by Caxton in 1483. Miss C's object in publishing her translation is to show that Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress is nearly verbatim a copy of this rare work, with a few alterations here and there to give it the tinge of originality."

Is anything known of this book? Is the above a correct account? E. L. BLENKINSOPP. [See a letter from Mr. Stracey in this week's Guardian.]

REV. SAMUEL HARDY. - He was Rector of Little Blakenham, in Suffolk, and Lecturer of Enfield, in Middlesex. He is the author of a learned work on the Scripture account of the nature and ends of the Holy Eucharist (1784). I should be glad to have any further information respecting him, and to know whether the publication of his book attracted much notice, or called forth any reply. In the Dedication to the Archbishops, Bishops, and Clergy of the Church of England, he speaks of having composed it amid circumstances of trouble and affliction, owing to bodily ailments and distress of mind on account of the barbarous murder of his son. E. H. A.

"NEWLYN." - Where can I obtain information as to the derivation or meaning of this surname? There is a novel entitled Newlyn House, by A. E. W., and published by Simpkin, Marshall & Co. ̓Αγνόημα.

BEDELL OF LONDON. - Can any of your readers supply memoranda relating to the Bedell family of London? The pedigree is recorded in the Visitation of London, 1633-4. William Bedell, with whom this pedigree commences, had two sons, Thomas Bedell of Wootton, Bedfordshire, who married the daughter of Edmond Harvey of Thurleigh, and Mathew Bedell of Kempston,

Chaplet as far as it went. I have only twelve pages, a few of which have the story or episode of Peter Thompson, a by no means bad imitation of Wordsworth :

"PETER THOMPSON.

"From an unpublished canto of The Excursion. "The Solitary drew his rustic chair Beside the Stranger, whom he thus addressed: 'Stranger! If e'er thou wert in Ambleside, Thou must have marked a well-known Hostelrie Called the "Black Lion," kept by Peter Thompson. The self-same inn where a dramatic troop (A strolling vagrant band from Cockermouth) Performed Wat Tyler many years ago; At which time it was kept by Isaac Lewthwaite, Father of Barbara who had the pet-lamb, And cousin of the Ancient Mariner,

Whose tomb is seen in Grasmere's burial-ground,
With a rude rhyme about "afflictions sore,"
And how "Physician's skill" was "all in vain."
The sire of Peter Thompson dwelt at Bristol,
(An ancient city in the West of England)
And was by trade a barber and a blacksmith.
Early in life he married Alice Fell,
(The daughter of a strolling manager)
By whom he had a numerous family,
All of whom died when young, excepting Peter,
And a fair sister known as Tabitha,

Who fled to Gretna with a corporal,

And never afterward was seen at Bristol.

This was a sad blow to the old folk, who
Delighted in the maiden. Mr. Thompson
Lived but a short time after; and his wife
Died also-and their property was left
To their sole heir, the aforesaid Peter Thompson.
He at that period was bound apprentice
Unto a cattle-doctor, Amos Bell.

But Peter Thompson did not like the business,
And now that he was worth three hundred pound,
Left Amos Bell and entered as a soldier

The forty-second regiment of foot,

A highland regiment of great esteem,
Where in due time he rose to be a sergeant.
He fought in many a battle with success,
And never got a single scar, until
Upon the fated plains of Waterloo
He lost his left leg by a cannon ball,
And so was rendered quite unfit for service.
When he return'd to England, he inquir'd
At Bristol if Susanna Foy was living;
And by her brother Nathan was inform'd
She was the chamber-maid at Ambleside;
At the Black Lion, that aforesaid inn.
This Susan Foy was a good virtuous girl,
With whom the soldier had "kept company,"
To use a homely phrase our dales' men use.
She was, besides, of good intelligence
And unbeclouded intellect, unlike
A silly cousin who was somewhat soft,
Confounding owls with cocks, and night with day.
The love that glows with an eternal flame,
And knows not change or mutability,
Determined Peter Thompson's onward course.
So without more ado he took the coach-
An inside place, for he was somewhat proud-
And in due time arriv'd at Ambleside;
There went to the Black Lion, where he saw
His lovely Susan; but she knew him not.
He boldly stumping up to her, would fain

Have kissed her rosy cheeks, but she repuls'd him,
Saying, "Begone from me! thou low-bred fellow!"
At this the soldier wept, and said, "Oh, Susan !
Hast thou forgot thy sweetheart, Peter Thompson?"
Then did she gaze into his face and stare
Intently on him, and exclaim'd "Forgive me,
Peter, I knew thee not that wooden leg
Has altered thee completely, and thy face,
Once fair, is brown with franticles, and sun-burnt."
Soon afterward, he married her; and now
There is no happier soul than Peter Thompson,
The cheerful landlord of a well-kept inn,
Blest with a careful housewife and a pension.'
The Solitary ceas'd, and bade 'Good night,'
As the moon rising over Langdale pikes
Was silvering Grasmere Vale and Rydal Lake.

The Dog of Helvellyn. During Christmas week in the year 1804, young Gough, who was a quaker, and had made many rambles in the hills of Cumberland and Westmoreland, accompanied by a little yellow terrier bitch, named Fida, quitted one morning the Patterdale inn, called the "King's Arms" (in those days no hotels existed in the mountain district), with his dog, intending to go over Helvellyn top to Wythburn. The day was stormy-hailing when he set out-with snow upon the ground. He was unable to get any one to be his companion over the mountain, because "Wedgewood's Loyal Volunteers" were on duty that day at Matterdale, about five miles distant, so he started by himself.

More than three months after, on the 6th or 7th April, 1805, a shepherd named William Harrison, in the employ of Mr. Mounsey, the proprietor of Patterdale Hall, was on Helvellyn looking after sheep, when, at the head of the Red Tarn, and near Swirrel Edge, he was much surprised by the barking and appearance of a dog in that remote and lonely place. As the shepherd approached the creature went on, and he, following with "boding thoughts," came in sight of an object on the ground-a shape of something like what a man had once been. The dog stopped by the wasted form. The shepherd, awe-struck, dared not go near, and hastened, much agitated, to Patterdale Hall, about three miles distant. The dog did not follow. Harrison having procured the aid of other men, came back, and the body was carried down to the village. Fida, "wild and shy," refused to be caught. She went to her master's remains, barked, and defended herself, biting the man who first got hold of her. She was with difficulty secured, and then taken in a basket to Kendal to the friends of Gough. Her future remains unknown. If matchless fidelity deserves an honourable monument, hers ought to be a noble

one :

"But, the poor dog, in life the firmest friend, The first to welcome, foremost to defend;

:

Unhonoured falls. Unnoticed all his worth."

Gough was buried at Tirril, near Penrith.

It appears that he must either have tried to go right up the crags of Helvellyn above the Red Tarn, and fallen from them, or have slipped off the frozen snow at the summit. His body lay near Swirrel Edge. Certainly he did not, as is generally supposed, tumble from Striding Edge. His hat was discovered many yards higher up the rocks than where his remains were found. His body, or skeleton, was in the clothes, all except the skull, which lay at some distance.

The bitch, poor creature! had whelped in that wild and solitary spot

"Far in the bosom of Helvellyn,

Remote from public road or dwelling."

To shelter herself and her young from the intense cold of the stern region, which there rises to more than 2,300 feet above the sea, the Red Tarn being the highest of all the Cumberland and Westmoreland lakes, -she had dug out a burrow in the fell-side. In it was found one whelp about six weeks old. The puppy was dead, but the mother in good condition. What she could meet with on that barren mountain's breast to maintain her and her offspring's life for so long a time, through the frosts, snows, rains, and storms of winter, is doubtful. Dead sheep may have been her support. These not unfrequently die on the mountains by disease, falls from the crags, being buried in snow-drifts, or drowned in swollen torrents. Dead fish are occasionally thrown up on the margins of the mountain tarns. Moreover, the large black slug is not uncommon. Foxes live much on field mice, beetles, frogs; and there might be rabbits or other food a dog could subsist upon. How do the hill foxes and ravens live through the winter? A dead sheep during a hard frost would sustain a little dog for a lengthened period; and though some persons may urge that

sheep are brought down to the valleys in the winter season, they are not always so, and, at times, the poor beasts are so famished they eat the wool from each other's backs.

There are people who assert the dog devoured her master. The supposition is not a probable one. The Red Tarn is only about three miles from Patterdale and the little inn which the illfated wanderer and his devoted companion left the very morning of his death. Had she chosen to quit him, had the loving, enduring, valiant creature not been indomitably true to him and faithful to the spot, how easily could she have retraced her steps. That unfaltering affection, that indomitable constancy, is inconsistent with the idea of her eating the body. Moreover, bitches eat their young when unable from insufficiency of milk to support them: Fida's little one was untouched, though dead. Had she fed on her master's corpse, it could hardly have maintained her for three months-setting decomposition aside-yet she was even in good condition when discovered. The hill foxes and ravens probably attacked the body while the poor dog was absent hunting for food. Ravens scent carrion from afar, and some, most likely, frequented the dark precipices of Helvellyn itself. GEORGE R. JESSE.

(To be continued.)

AUTOGRAPH OF BURNS: "TO TERRAUGHTY ON

His BIRTH-DAY" (5th S. i. 283.)-Having been anxious to know the history of this autograph of Burns, I applied to its present possessor, John Taylor Johnston, Esq., of New York, to find whether he could tell in what way it had come into the possession of his friend Mr. Maxwell, of Dalbeattie, from whom he had received it. He has kindly furnished me with the following particulars, which will be interesting to many of your readers. I cannot say that I am very well versed in the handwriting of Burns, and, therefore, my opinion is comparatively of little value. I am inclined, however, on comparing this autograph with those with which I am familiar, such as "Scots, wha hae," to think that it is a genuine autograph, though the handwriting seems to be smaller than that which he generally used. A friend draws my attention to the line,

"I see thy life is stuff O' prief," and remarks that the capital O is scarcely what Burns would have used, and which indeed does not appear in the copy of "N. & Q.," so difficult is it, with all the pain pains possible, to give a fac-simile. Is the expression found in any of the other known autographs of Burns; and if so, does he write with a capital? The autograph has evidently been divided into four parts, and has run many risks of utter destruction, but has survived them all, though in a very tattered state. The following is the history of the autograph :