The firm connected bulwark seems to grow, 290 295 Convenience, plenty, elegance, and arts; But view them closer, craft and fraud appear; 305 Even liberty itself is barter'd here: At gold's superior charms all freedom flies, 310 Heavens! how unlike their Belgic sires of old! 315 Fired at the sound, my genius spreads her wing, 1 Var.-Industrious habits in each breast obtain.-First edition. 320 Stern o'er each bosom Reason holds her state, 325 Pride in their port, defiance in their eye, I see the lords of human kind pass by; Intent on high designs, a thoughtful band, By forms unfashion'd, fresh from Nature's hand; 330 Fierce in their native hardiness of soul, True to imagin'd right, above control, While e'en the peasant boasts these rights to scan, Thine, Freedom, thine the blessings pictured here, 335 Thine are those charms that dazzle and endear! Too blest indeed were such without alloy; But, foster'd e'en by Freedom, ills annoy : That independence Britons prize too high, Keeps man from man, and breaks the social tie; 340 All claims that bind and sweeten life unknown; 345 Nor this the worst. As Nature's ties decay, 350 355 1 These last ten lines were greatly admired by Dr. Johnson, vide Boswell's Life,' v. v. p. 85.--ED. 2 Var. This and the following line are wanting in the first edition; where follows: See, though by circling deeps together held, 'Minds, &c. The second edition has : All kindred claims that soften life, &c. Where noble stems transmit the patriot flame, Where kings have toil'd, and poets wrote for fame,1 And scholars, soldiers, kings, unhonour'd die. 360 Yet think not, thus when Freedom's ills I state, 365 By proud contempt, or favour's fostering sun Still may thy blooms the changeful clime endure, 370 That those who think must govern those that toil; And all that Freedom's highest aims can reach, 375 O, then, how blind to all that truth requires, To call it freedom when themselves are free; 380 1 Var. And monarchs toil, and poets pant for fame, &c.—First to fifth editions-except second, which has "paint for," &c. 2 Var.-After this the following couplet is inserted in the first edition : Perish the wish, for, inly satisfied, Above their pomp I hold my ragged pride. And the next eighteen lines, to "But when contending chiefs," &c., are wanting. 3 Var. After this, in editions two to five, Much on the low, the rest as rank supplies, Should in columnar diminution rise, &c. This doctrine was probably esteemed rather too aristocratic.-B. Each wanton judge new penal statutes draw, 385 Tear off reserve, and bare my swelling heart; "Till, half a patriot, half a coward grown, 390 I fly from petty tyrants to the throne. 2 Yes, brother, curse with me that baleful hour, 395 400 405 410 E'en now, perhaps, as there some pilgrim strays Through tangled forests, and through dangerous ways, Where beasts with man divided empire claim, And the brown Indian marks with murderous aim; There, while above the giddy tempest flies, And all around distressful yells arise, 415 1 This passage is viewed by several editors as disclosing the same theme as that which inspired the Deserted Village,' published five years later. Sir James Prior points to "Have not we" (the author addressing his brother) as evidence that Auburn was an Irish village.-ED. 2 Niagara, it will be observed. This, Prior says, was the old pronunciation of the name of the American river.-ED. 385 The pensive exile, bending with his woe, *To stop too fearful, and too faint to go, 420 Casts a long look where England's glories shine, 390 395 Vain, very vain, my weary search to find 425 415 same d five or ad -ED. onun * * That part which laws or kings can cause or cure! 430 * With secret course, which no loud storms annoy, Luke's iron crown, and Damien's 2 bed of steel, Leave 3 435 In 1514, two brothers, Luke and George Zeck, headed a desperate rebellion in Hungary. When it was quelled, George, not Luke, was punished by having his head encircled with a red-hot crown, in mockery of his supposed ambitious views.-B. The real name of the brothers seems to have been Dosa. Forster says they were of the race of the Szeklers, or Zecklers, of Transylvania. Bolton Corney has on this account substituted" Zeck's" for "Luke's" in the poem.-ED. 2 Robert Francis Damien, a mad fanatic, who, in 1757, made an attempt to assassinate Louis XV. of France. He was put to the most exquisite tortures, and at last torn to pieces by horses.-B. The nine lines to which an asterisk is prefixed were written by Dr. Johnson, when the poem was submitted to his friendly revision, previous to publication.-B. [This is on the authority of Boswell, who states (Boswell's Life of Johnson,' Bohn's ed., v. ii., p. 308) that Johnson marked the above ten lines, and " added, 'These are all of which I can be sure." In the original editions there are no asterisks, and no intimation of Johnson having contributed these lines; and Boswell's work of course was published after both Goldsmith and Johnson were dead. See also note at p. 45.-ED.] |