Nor this the worst. As nature's ties decay, And talent sinks, and merit weeps unknown: Where kings have toil'd, and poets wrote for fame,(2) And scholars, soldiers, kings, unhonour'd die. Yet think not, thus when Freedom's ills I state, By proud contempt, or favour's fostering sun, That those that think must govern those that toil; (1) ["Nor this the worst as social bonds decay."-First edit.] Above their pomps I hold my ragged pride.”—Ibid.] O then how blind to all that truth requires, To call it freedom, when themselves are free; Tear off reserve, and bare my swelling heart; I fly from petty tyrants to the throne. Yes, Brother, curse with me that baleful hour, Gave wealth to sway the mind with double force. (1) ["The constitution of England is at present possessed of the strength of its native oak, and the flexibility of the bending tamarisk; but should the people at any time, with a mistaken zeal, pant after an imaginary freedom, and fancy that abridging monarchy was increasing their privileges, they would be very much mistaken, since every jewel plucked from the crown of majesty would only be made use of as a bribe to corruption: it might come to the few who shared it among them, but would in fact impoverish the public. As the Roman senators, by slow and imperceptible degrees, became masters of the people, yet still flattered them with a show of freedom while themselves only were free, so is it possible for a body of men, while they stand up for privileges, to grow into an exuberance of power themselves, and the public become actually dependant, while some of its individuals only governed."-Citizen of the World. See vol. ii. p. 202.] (2) ["What they may then expect may be seen by turning our eyes to Holland, Genoa, or Venice, where the laws govern the poor, and the rich govern the law."-Vicar of Wakefield, ch. xix. See vol. iii. p. 97] Have we not seen, round Britain's peopled shore, (1) Have we not seen at pleasure's lordly call, E'en now, perhaps, as there some pilgrim strays Through tangled forests, and through dangerous ways; Where beasts with man divided empire claim, And the brown Indian marks with murd'rous aim; (3) There, while above the giddy tempest flies, And all around distressful yells arise, The pensive exile, bending with his woe, To stop too fearful, and too faint to go, (4) (1) [In this and the subsequent lines to the end of the passage, may be traced the germ of the Deserted Village; so that the subject of that poem was no doubt contemplated as long as the Poet avows; namely, five years, and probably longer. If additional proof were required of their reference to an Irish village, we may find it in the couplet where he expressly says to his brother : "Have we not seen at pleasure's lordly call, The smiling long-frequented village fall."] (2) [When Goldsmith wrote, the third syllable was rendered long; at present, it is more usual to dwell upon the second. The former, however, is the native Indian pronunciation. Niagara means thunder-water.] (3) ["And the brown Indian takes a deadly aim."-First edit.] (4) Dr. Johnson said of Goldsmith's Traveller,' which had been published in my absence, there had not been so fine a poem since Pope's Casts a long look where England's glories shine, Vain, very vain, my weary search to find With secret course, which no loud storms annoy, Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel, time.' In the year 1783, he, at my request, marked with a pencil the lines which he had furnished, which are only line 420th: To stop too fearful, and too faint to go;" and the concluding ten lines, except the last couplet but one."-Boswell, vol. ii., p. 308, ed. 1835.] (1) ["Goldsmith mentions Luke as a person well known, and superficial readers have passed it over quite smoothly; while those of more attention have been as much perplexed by Luke, as by Lydiat in the Vanity of Human Wishes.' The truth is, that Goldsmith himself was in a mistake. In the Respublica Hungarica,' there is an account of a desperate rebellion in the year 1514, headed by two brothers of the name of Zeck, George and Luke. When it was quelled, George, not Luke, was punished, by his head being encircled with a red-hot iron crown; coronâ candescente ferrea coronatur.' The same severity of torture was exercised on the earl of Athol, one of the murderers of James I. of Scotland."-Ibid., vol. ii. p. 309.] |