1. A History of the Peninsular War. By Charles Oman. Vols II, III and IV. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903-11. 1. An Irish Cousin (Bentley), The Real Charlotte (Ward and Downey), The Silver Fox (Laurence and Bullen), Some Experiences of an Irish R.M., All on the Irish Shore, Some Irish Yesterdays (Longmans), Dan Russel the Fox (Methuen). By E. CE. Somerville and Martin 2. Spanish Gold, The Search Party (Methuen), The Major's Niece, The Red Hand of Ulster (Smith, Elder), 1. Œuvres de Descartes. Publiées par Charles Adam et Paul Tannery. 11 vols. Paris: Léopold Cerf, 2. Vie et Euvres de Descartes. Étude historique par Philosophie, By Theodor Gomperz. Leipzig, 1896- b 1. Segunda parte del libro de las cosas que se traen en nuestras Indias Occidentales, que siruen al vso de medicina. Do se trata del Tabaco, y de la Sassafras, y de Carlo Sancto, etc. By Nicholas Monardes. 2. Instruction sur l'herbe Petun ditte en France l'Herbe ART. 8.-MODERN FEMINISM AND SEX-ANTAGONISM - 1. The Woman Movement. By Ellen Key. Translated by M. B. Borthwick. London: Putnam, 1912. ART. 9.-A MODERN BENGALI MYSTIC Gitanjali (Song Offering). By Rabindranath Tagore. With an Introduction by W. B. Yeats. London: Macmillan, 1913. Life of Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall. By Sir H. Mortimer 2. Medical Education in Europe. A Report to the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of ART. 12.-THE POETRY OF ROBERT BRIDGES 1. Poetical Works of Robert Bridges, excluding the eight dramas. London: Henry Frowde, 1912. 2. Poetical Works of Robert Bridges. Vols. I to VI. London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 1898-1905. 1. Reports from the Select Committee on Marconi's Wireless Telegraph Company, Limited, Agreement [152]. Published as a special supplement to The THE QUARTERLY REVIEW. No. 436.-JULY, 1913. Art. 1.-THE PENINSULAR WAR. 1. A History of the Peninsular War. By Charles Oman. Vols II, III and IV. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903–11. 2. Wellington's Army. Army. By Charles Oman. London: Arnold, 1912. 3. A History of the British Army. By the Hon. J. W. Fortescue. Vol. VII. London: Macmillan, 1912. 4. Wellington's Battlefields illustrated: Bussaco. By Lieut.-Col. G. L. Chambers. London: Sonnenschein, 1910. 5. Correspondence of Lord Burghersh. London: Murray, 1912. 6. Napoleon I: a biography. a biography. By Auguste Fournier. Translated by Annie E. Adams. London: Longmans, 1911. 7. Weltgeschichte seit der Völkerwanderung. By Theodor Lindner. Vol. VII. Stuttgart and Berlin: Cotta, 1910. And other works. BEGUN less than ten years after the last shots had been fired at Toulouse and Bayonne, William Napier's great 'History of the War in the Peninsula' was immediately and naturally accepted as the standard authority on that great struggle, nor is it difficult to understand its long and unchallenged retention of that position. Its vivid narrative, its glowing battle-pictures, its wealth of detail, its trenchant arguments and criticisms, the care and research devoted to its production, easily account for the reluctance of writers to challenge comparison with a competitor of a reputation so deservedly high. Since Napier wrote an enormous amount of fresh information has come to light; biographies, memoirs, journals, such volumes as the recently published Correspondence of Vol. 219.-No. 436. B Lord Burghersh with its forty pages of letters from Wellington, have told the story from the standpoint of the private to that of the general. Wellington's own despatches published by Colonel Gurwood in 1837 are, though none too well edited, a mine of valuable evidence. The Supplementary Despatches brought out by the second Duke between 1858 and 1872, and much better handled, are hardly less important. Yet, despite all this wealth of new material, the 19th century had closed before any real attempt was made to revise the received version of events. Napier's great reputation would hardly be in itself a sufficient explanation. A military history must satisfy two sets of critics; it must come up to the standard by which scientific histories are judged, and it must also pass muster on the professional side. Civilians, out of touch with military life and thought and writing without experience of war, fail as a rule to appreciate the friction which attends every warlike operation and makes 'the simple' so very difficult.' Soldier-writers have too often lacked the historical training needed for the due appreciation of authorities, and have in consequence relied upon evidence which has not been properly sifted and examined. Hence the inadequacy of much so-called 'military history'; sometimes historical, sometimes military, it is rarely both. Nor did English military history fare much better even after the Prussian victories of 1866 and 1870 had given to scientific military studies that great impetus with which in England Lord Wolseley's name will always be associated. For professional purposes there are obvious advantages in the study of the most recent campaigns; and it was only natural that the attention of English officers should be concentrated on the triumphs of Moltke. German inspiration and guidance, however, were not likely to promote a close acquaintance with those campaigns of the Napoleonic era in which Germans, till near the end, played an unfortunate part. Nor could the military historians of France be expected to devote themselves to the detailed study of the 'Spanish ulcer.' Hence the fields which needed the joint labour of English soldiers and historians were left untilled. In recent years there has been a marked increase in the output of military literature in England, and a no less |