They hint the existence, then, of what has been since called a French mania in the breasts of English people, and which does not seem to be as yet quite cured. Osborne, who wrote letters of advice to his son, which were printed in the year 1673, cautions him against "a vanity, found incident to England," of " esteeming no doublet well made that hath not passed the hands of a French tailor." In the very amusing collection of Letters, called Epistola Ho-Eliane, written by Howel, we find one dated from Rouen, August 6, 1619. He sayɛ, "I am but a fresh man yet in France, therefore I can send you no news, but that all here is quiet,-and 'tis no ordinary news that the French should be quiet.” What we have printed in Italics is so printed in the original. Paris is exactly described, as it is now, in bis account of it as he saw it on the 13th March, 1620-the structures here are fair, though the streets generally foul all the four seasons of the year." He narrates the brutal outrages committed by "the lacquays of Paris," on the dead body of the Marquis of Ancre : and pages They broke up his grave, tore his coffin to pieces, ripp'd the winding-sheet, and tied his body to an ass's tail, and so draggad him up and down the gutters of Paris, which are none of the sweetest. His wife was hereupon apprehended, imprisoned, and beheaded for a witch sone few days af ter, upon a surmise that she had enchanted the Queen to dote upon her husband. was a right act of a French popular fury, which, like an angry torrent, is irresistible; nor can any bankes, boundaries, or dikes, stop the impetuous rage of it." This The French, according to Dryden, in one of his Prefaces, "Make a great pomp and ostentation of words on every trifle. This is certainly the talent of that nation, and ought not to be invaded by any other." In his Preface to Virgil's Pastorals, he puts the character of the French in a very lively manner before us, while he is criticising their Poetry. Alluding to the inadequacy of the English and French languages, compared with the Greek and Latin, -he says, "The misfortune, indeed, is common to us both; but we deserve more compassion, because we are not vain of our barbarities.” He quotes the famous Academician, who most compassionately excused the ancients for not being so exact in their composition as the modern French, because they wanted a Dictionary, with which the French were about that time happily provided ! "If Demosthenes and Cicero," says Dryden," had been so lucky as to save a Dictionary, and such a patron as Cardinal Richelieu, perhaps they might have aspired to the honors of Balzac's legacy of ten pounds, le prise de l'eloquence !"-Notwithtual gratulations they give one another,standing all the high encomiums and muafter all those golden dreams at the Louvre, that their pieces will be as much valued ten or twelve ages hence as the ancient Greek or Roman, can no more get it into my head that they will last so long, than I could believe the learned Dr H——k [of the Royal Society] if he should pretend to shew me a butterfly that had lived a thousand winters." The following passage has, in its latter part, a strong bearing on the events of these times : "Impartially speaking, the French are as much better critics than the English, as they are worse poets. Thus we generally allows, that they better understand the management of a war than our Islanders ; but we know we are superior to them in a day of tat tle. They value themselves on their generals -we on our soldiers." Dedication of the Encis. forming the Hippolitus of Euripides He quarrels with them for transturn of gallantry, and is sent to tra"into Monsieur Hippolité, who has a vel from Athens to Paris." "Their heroes are the most civil persons breathing; but their good breeding seldom extends to a word of sense; all their wit is in their ceremony; they want the genius that animates our stage, and therefore it is but necesary, when they cannot please, that they should take care not to offend." Preface to All for Love. All "All Greece is one Comedian," says Juvenal in his third Satire: the whole description of the Grecian character is wonderfully like that of the modern French. Fielding gives us the Advertisement of a Frenchman, as it appeared in the Daily Advertiser, of Monday the 29th June 1752. Thus it runs : "A Frenchman, a man of learning, is arrived at London from Paris, in order to teach the French Language, Fables, Poetry, Heraldry, French Philosophy, and the Latin Tongue; without exacting any study from his scholars, all study being en obstacle to his method. If there be any constitutions too weak to bear contradiction, any character too lively to be capable of attention, any persons too far advanced in life to apply themselves to study, and who are willing to learn any of the above sciences, by a simple method, and one shorter as well as more so lid than any which hath been hitherto prac tised, they are desired to enquire at Mr Besancon's snuff-shop, in Little Earl Street, the Black Boy, by the Seven Dials. The author of Tom Jones specu lates much on what may be meant by French Philosophy. He seems at first inclined to think that philoso phie is no eter than what the French likewise call a denses; but leans in the end to that opinion, that by la philosophie Francoil is meant la bonne assurance ;--“ that assurance, which the French alone call good, and which, it is very probable, they alone may eall philosophy." He quotes the exquisite climax of the French Marquis de St Evremont, who said, that first he loved the war,-and after the war, he loved Madame de after Madame de he loved the religion, and after the religion, he loved the Philosophy, -concluding, Now, I have told you what i love, Marblieu!" -,-and Directions for Painting Landscape in Crayons. By the late George Walker, HAVING sketched the outlines very lightly with black chalk, begin with the colouring of the sky, first with the azure tint, working downwards to the horizon, leaving out the form of the clouds. Blend and harmonize the colours by rubbing them gently into the interstices of the prepared ground with a piece. of smooth flat cork, of a cubical shape, rounded off at the corners. Fill up the middle tint of each mass of clouds, then the darker shadows; after which add the light tints. Shake off the loose powder or dust of the crayons. The sky having received the first colouring, it will be found easiest to proceed to that of the most remote distance, whether sea or mountain, which cut or rise above the horizon, filling in the relative objects and masses of each distance by themselves, working on either hand, or from the middle of the picture, towards the foreground, in a broad general manner, without regarding the minutia or detail: similar to what is termed in oil-painting, the dead-colouring, which implies such a preparation of the lights and shadows, and local colours, as will best receive the finishing colours and minute detail with ad vantage. When the crayon picture has received what may be called the first colouring, begin as before with the sky. Finish the colouring of the sky throughout, then the most distant parts of the landscape, from thence approaching to the objects on the foreground. In the sky, care must be taken, to give an equal quantity of crayon, that it may not appear to be loaded in one part and have too little in another. The colours, however, should be sparingly given, on those parts of the sky, and distances where trees or buildings extend, which would, by mixing with the colouring of either, particularly in the foliage, prevent its having that freedom or spirit which is requisite.. And if the buildings consist of elegant architecture, the termination of the projections could not be kept sufficiently sharp or distinct. Groupes Groupes of figures and animals, whether on the foreground or elsewhere, are outlined along with the landscape in the first instance, and are dead-coloured with the foreground or distances they belong to, and are finished last of all. The features and drapery of a figure may be neatly done, by cutting the pastil or crayon to a fine point, and afterwards giving its determined form, by means of a piece of cork, two or three inches in length, and cut to a sharp point, going over the parts, so as to blend and bring them into the form wanted. Straight lines, whether perpendicular or horizontal, may be managed by running the point of the pastil along the edge of a flat piece of wood, quite straight, and having a bevel, so as to allow the pointed piece of cork to run freely along the line. Crayons, when properly prepared to work freely, will hardly bear any pressure or weight of the hand; therefore, in whatever direction the straight lines of buildings are, they ought to be done by holding the pastil a little obliquely, and pushing it forwards along the straight edge of the piece of wood, never downwards. In the sets of crayons, or pastile, even those of Switzerland, which are esteemed the best, there is a great deficiency of delicate and harmonious tints, both as to their various combinations, as well as in respect to their gradation of shade. This is particularly felt in landscape painting, where the scenery requires the utmost richness, and, at the same time, all the harmony of colouring requisite for a faithful representation of nature and striking effect. The frames for crayon painting are prepared as follows: when the paper, which should be of the best wove sort, is quite dry, go over it with a large brush and strong size; whilst yet wet, place it in a slanting position, and strew it over with the pumice powder; which, when dry, may be more or less polished with a piece of flat pumice or February 1816. sand paper, so as to have it smooth or otherwise, as the subject requires. Tho' pieces of cork are very useful in crayon painting, yet in the more minute parts, and very broad masses, either in the sky or landscape, nothing is equal to the point of the fingers for blending the colours: they may be defended by a glove. The frame should be placed in a sloping position on the lap of the person at work on the picture. When genuine Swiss crayons cannot be had, the common sort of English crayons is the best substitute, provided they are prepared with chalk, not white lead, in the various suites of colours. The French crayons being made up with white lead, invariably change their colour. The boxes of London-made crayons generally contain varieties of the yellow and orange orpiments, which being of a deleterious or poisonous nature, should be rejected. The best white is the purified chalk. The finest black is collected from the smoke of lamp oil, ground up with a very little carmine lake, to give it an adhesive quality. Account of an Irish Sailor, who lived on an uninhabited Island near the Coast of PERU. (From Cruise to the Pacific Ocean; by Cap tain DAVID PORTER, 2 vols. 8vo. PHI LADELPHIA, 1815. CHARLES's Island is mountainous (as are the whole group of the Gallapagos Islands,) and is covered with trees from 15 to 20 feet in length, scattered with considerable regularity, as to distance and appearance, on the sides of the hills, which all have evident marks of volcanic origin; but what seems remarkable is, that every tree on the island, at least all that could be approached by the boat's crew on shore, and such as we could perceive by means of our perspectives, were dead and withered. This must have been occasioned by the the prevalence of an excessive drought, which entirely deprived them of the necessary moisture; and as this island is not of so great an elevation as many others, which has probably been the cause of its suffering more than the larger and higher ones, though they all seem more or less affected from the same cause; and as all the trees on the islands I have yet seen appear much of the same size, not excepting those in the most flourishing state, it seems not improbable, that the drought has not only been recent, but that it has affected the whole at the same time; and as the whole is desgroup titute of trees of a large size, it seems reasonable to believe, that their vegetation may be checked at different periods by very dry seasons, and to this cause may be owing their being deprived of streams of waters; for although it seldom rains on shore, and never at sea here, yet the tops of the mountains are almost constantly covered with thick clouds, great part of the moisture from which, instead of being soaked up by the light and spongy soil of the mountains, would find its way in running streams to the sea, were the islands sufficiently furnished with trees to condense more constantly the atmosphere, and interlace their roots, to prevent its escape into the bowels of the mountains. These islands are all evidently of volcanic production; every mountain and hill is the crater of an extinguished volcano; and thousands of smaller fissures, which have burst from their sides, give them the most dreary, desolate, and inhospitable appearance imaginable. The description of one island will answer for all I have yet seen; they appear unsuited for the residence of man, or any other animal, that cannot, like the tortoises, live without food, or cannot draw its subsistence entirely from the sea. Lieutenant Downes saw on the rocks with which the bay was in many parts skirted, several seals and peli cans, some of which he killed; but, on searching diligently the shore, was unable to find any land-tortoises, though they no doubt abound in other parts of the island. Doves were seen in great numbers, and were so easily approached, that several of them were knocked over with stones. While our boat was on shore, Captain Randall sent his boat to a small beach in the same bay, about a mile from where our boat landed, and in a short time she returned loaded with fine green turtle, two of which he sent us, and we found them excellent. It may be seen by Captain Macy's letter, that on the east side of the island there is another landing, which he calls Pat's landing; and this place will probably immortalize an Irishman, named Patrick Watkins, who some years since left an English ship, and took up his abode on this island, built himself a miserable hut, about a mile from the landing called after him, in a valley containing about two acres of ground capable of cultivation, and perhaps the only spot on the island which affords sufficient moisture for the purpose. Here he succeeded in raising potatoes and pumpkins in considerable quantities, which he generally exchanged for rum, or sold for cash. The appearance of this man, from the accounts I have received of him, was the most dreadful that can be imagined: ragged clothes, scarce sufficient to cover his nakedness, and covered with vermin; his red hair and beard matted, his skin much burnt, from constant exposure to the sun, and so wild and savage in his manner and appearance, that he struck every one with horror. For several years this wretched being lived by himself on this desolate spot, without any apparent desire than that of procuring rum in sufficient quantities to keep himself intoxicated, and at such times, after an absence from his hut of several days, he would be found in a state of perfect insensibility, rolling among among the rocks of the mountains.He appeared to be reduced to the lowest grade to which human nature is capable, and seemed to have no desire beyond the tortoises and other animals of the island, except that of getting drunk. But this man, wretched and miserable as he may have appeared, was neither destitute of ambition nor incapable of undertaking an enterprize that would have appalled the heart of any other man; nor was he devoid of the talent of rousing others to second his hardihood. He by some means became possessed of an old musket, and a few charges of powder and ball; and the possession of this weapon first set into action all his ambitious plans. He felt himself strong as the sovereign of the island, and was desirous of proving his strength on the first human being who fell in his way, which happened to be a negro, who was left in charge of a boat belonging to an American ship that had touched there for refreshments. Patrick came down to the beach where the boat lay, armed with his musket, now become his constant companion, and directed the negro, in an authoritative manner, to follow him, and on his refusal snapped his musket at him twice, which luckily missed fire. The negro, however, became intimidated, and followed him. Patrick now shouldered his musket, marched off before, and on his way up the mountains exultingly informed the negro he was henceforth to work for him, and become his slave, and that his good or bad treatment would depend on his future conduct; but arriving at a narrow defile, and perceiving Patrick off his guard, the negro seized the moment, grasped him in his arms, threw him down, tied his hands behind, shouldered him, and carried him to his boat, and when the crew had arrived he was taken on board the ship. An English smuggler was lying in the harbour at the same time, the captain of which sentenced Patrick to be severely whipped on board both vessels, which was put into execution, and he was afterwards taken on shore handcuffed by the Englishmen, who compelled him to make known where he had concealed the few dollars he had been enabled to accumulate from the sale of his potatoes and pumpkins, which they took from him; and while they were busy in destroying his hut and garden, the wretched being made his escape, and concealed himself among the rocks in the interior of the island, until the ship had sailed, when he ventured from his sculking-place, and by means of an, old file, which he drove into a tree, freed himself from the handcuffs. He now meditated a severe revenge, but concealed his intentions. Vessels continued to touch there, and Patrick, as usual, to furnish them with vegetables; but from time to time he was enabled, by administering potent draughts of his darling liquor to some of the men of their crews, and getting them so drunk, that they were rendered insensible, to conceal them until the ship had sailed; when, finding themselves entirely dependent on him, they willingly enlisted under his banners, became his slaves, and he the most absolute of tyrants. By this means, he had augmented the number to five, including himself, and every means was used by him to endeavour to procure arms for them, but without effect. It is supposed, that his object was to have surprised some vessel, massacred her crew, and taken her off. While Patrick was meditating his plans, two ships, an American and an English vessel, touched there, and applied to Patrick for vegetables. He promised them the greatest abundance, provided they would send their boats to his landing, and their people to bring them from his garden, informing them, that his rascals had become so indolent of late, that he could not get them to work. This arrangement was agreed to;two boats were sent from each vessel, and |