entirely prohibited; provided only, that it shall not be lawful for them, in any time of war between the British Government and any State or Power whatever, to export from the said territories, without the speci permission of the British Government, any military stores, or naval stores, or rice; the citizens of the United States shall pay for their vessels, when admitted, no higher or other duty or charge, than shall be payable on the vessels of the most favoured European nations, and they shall pay no higher or other duties or charges on the importation or exportation of the cargoes of the said vessels, than shall be payable on the same articles when imported or exported in the vessels of the most favoured European nations. But it is expressly agreed, that the vessels of the United States, shall not carry any articles from the said principal settlements to any port or place, except to some port or place in the United States of America when the same shall be unladen. It is also understood, that the permission granted by this article is not to extend to allow the vessels of the United States to carry on any part of the coasting trade of the said British territories, but the vessels of the United States having, in the first instance, proceeded to one of the said principal settlements of the British dominions in the East Indies, and then going with their original cargoes, or any part thereof, from one of the said principal settlements to another, shall not be considered as carry ing on the coasting trade. The vessels of the United States may also touch for refreshments, but not for commerce, in the course of their voyage, to or from the British territories in India, or to or from the dominions of the Emperor of China, at the Cape of Good Hope, the Island of St Helena, or such other places as may be in the possession of Great Britain, in the African or Indian Seas; it being well understood, that in all that regards these articles, the citizens of the United States shall be subject, in all respects, to the laws and regulations of the British Government from time to time established. 4. It shall be free for each of the two contracting parties respectively, to appoint Consuls for the protection of trade to reside in the dominions and territories of the other party; but before any Consul shall act as such, he shall in the usual form be approved and admitted by the Government to which he is sent; and it is hereby declared, that in case of illegal or improper conduct towards the laws or government of the country to which he is sent, such Consul may either be punished according to law, if the laws will reach the case, or be sent back, the offended Government assigning to the other the reasons for the same. It is hereby declared, that either of the contracting parties may except from the residence of the Consuls such particular places as such party shall judge fit to be so excepted. 5. This Convention, when the same shall have been duly ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of their Senate, and by his Britannic Majesty; and the respective ratifications mutually exchanged, shall be binding and obligatory on the said United States and his Majesty for four years from the date of its signature, and the ratifications shall be exchanged in six months from this time, or sooner, if possible. Done at London, this 3d day of July, in the year of our Lord, One thousand eight hundred and fifteen. Now therefore be it known, that I, James Madison, President of the United States of America, having seen and considered the foregoing Convention, have, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, accepted, ratified, and confirmed the same, and every clause and article thereof, subject to the exception contained in a declaration made by the authority of his Britannic Majesty on the 24th day of November last, a copy of which Declaration is hereunto annexed. In testimony whereof, I have caused the seal of the United States to be hereunto affixed, and have signed the same with my hand. Done at the City of Washington, this 22d day of December, A. D. 1815, and of the independence of the United States the 40th. (L.S.) James Madison, Pr. By the President. James Monroe, Secretary of State. DECLARATION. The undersigned, his Britannic Majesty's Charge d'Affaires in the United States of America, is commanded by his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, acting in the name and on the behalf of his Majesty, to explain and declare, upon the exchange of the ratifications of the Convention concluded in London, on the 3d of July, in the present year, for regulating the commerce and navigation between the two countries, that in consequence of events which have happened in Europe subsequent to the signature of the Convention aforesaid, it has been deemed expedient and determined, in conjunctis Historical Affairs. junction with the Allied Sovereigns, that St Helena shall be the place allotted for the future residence of General Napoleon Bonaparte, under such regulations as may be necessary for the perfect security of his persom; and it has been resolved, for that purpose, that all ships and vessels whatever, as well British ships and vessels as others, excepting only ships belonging to the East India Company, shall be excluded from all communication with, or approach to that island. It has therefore become impossible to comply with so much of the 3d article of the Treaty as relates to the liberty of touching for refreshments at the island of St Helena. And the ratifications of the said Treaty will be exchanged under the explicit declaration and understanding, that the vessels of the United States cannot be allowed to touch at or hold any communication whatever with the said Island, so long as the said Island shall continue to be the place of residence of the said Napoleon Bonaparte. Anthony St. John Baker. (Signed) Besides the documents above detailed, the American papers furnish us with a report on the state of the finances by Mr Dallas, the Secretary to the American Treasury. Mr Dallas proposes, that the double duties on imports be continued till the 30th of June 1816; that the present duties on sugars refined within the United States, on stamps, on sales by auction, and on postage, be continued; that the direct tax be redu. ced from six to three millions of dollars; that the duties on the quantity of distilled spirits be discontinued after the 30th of June 1816, and, in lieu thereof, that the duties on licences to distillers be doubled after that day; that the duties on licences to retailers be reduced to the rates of the year 1913; that the duties on the articles manufactured in the United States, and the duties on household furniture and watches, be repealed. A portion of the report relates to the national currency, and concludes with the fol lowing proposition :-"That a national bank be established at the city of Philadelphia, having power to erect branches elsewhere; and that the capital of the bank being a competent amount, consists of three-fourths of the public stock, and one-fourth of gold and silver." The progress of expenditure and of revenue, for the entire period of the war, is thus developed; and, independent of the balance of the appropriations for the year 69 1814, which is transferred to the accounts for the year 1815, the subject, may be reduced thus: The actual receipts of the treasury— In 1812-22,639,032 dollars 78 cents. In 1813-40,534,844 dollars 95 cents. In 1814-34,878,432 dollars 25 cents. The aggregate amount of the receipts into the treasury for the three years being 98,042,302 dollars 96 cents. The actual disbursements of the treasury for the three years, 100,017,557 dollars 13 cents. A report to the senate, relative to the gradual and permanent increase of the American navy, recommends the builling annually of one ship of 74 guns, two frigates of the first class of 44 guns, and two sloops of war, which, says the reporter, can be built with the surplusage of timber, and with a great saving in that material. ington, bring the debates in Congress to The papers we have received from Washthe 22d December inclusive, up to which period nothing of importance had taken place: the principal business consisted of petitions, which more or less have been alluded to. That part of the President's speech which alludes to American navigation being carried on by American seamen, opposed. was before the House, and not likely to be SOUTH AMERICA. BUENOS AYRES. We have received the Prensa Argentina, To this terrifying paper, and a compen- The "The above documents prove, that Ferdinand and the Spaniards have learnt little in the schools of adversity, and that we ought rather to die than belong to a nation incapable of being civilized, or obey a king who only commands executioners and assassins, in order to effect our tranquillity; and when this title alone, if a thousand others were wanting, would justify our cause in the eyes of Heaven. These are, citizens, the sentiments of this government, nor do any political considerations prevent us from publishing them, Spain is on the eve of being plunged into the chaos of her ancient barbarism; a long train of unjust acts and horrid crimes impel her on, with out knowing it, to her end. "In vain she seeks to make the Americans participators in a punishment she alone deserves. If we have committed any crime, it is by having treated, in our triumphs, men who do not belong to nature, in a clement manner; and by having believed that those who spill torrents of blood in the name of the Almighty, could some time or other be reconciled to us, &c. "In order, however, to increase our force of the line, 8000 recruits have been called down from Peru and Paraguay, who are to be disciplined in this city. Besides these, we have 10,000 regular cavalry within the capital and its vicinity, and the lower provinces will furnish an equal number. armament was never on so brilliant a footing. Our "The towns in every quarter have offered all kinds of aid, when required, nor can the King of Spain, at any time, send over one half of the troops with which we are ready to oppose him. In short, our country is safe, citizens, without being necessary to come to extremes; but if danger presses, the whole world shall have proof of our constancy. Abandoned, as we are, by all nations, even by those to whom our friendship cannot be indifferent, by those which, extending to the rude regions of Africa, the influence of their learning and humanity in America, suffer the sacred rights of nature to be drowned in blood, and coldly leave us abandoned to ourselves," &c. MEXICAN PROVINCES. Accounts have reached us from Vera Cruz up to the 24th September. Our accounts from Mexico are to the 15th July, brought to Vera Cruz by the way of Tampico, the direct road having been blocked up for some time. Ten transports, accompanied by the frigate Sabina, landed two thousand men in Vera Cruz, under the command of General Myares, but they had not been able to effect any thing. The soldiers were wretchedly equipped, and their Commander had the greatest difficulty in obtaining a tenth part of what he required. The Independents were within the neighbourhood of Mexico, and had cut off the communications with the interior. The emergencies of the Spanish Government were so great, that Viceroy Callejas had several times convened general juntas, for the purpose of obtaining money, but without effect; and at last he resorted to force, and thereby obtained four hundred thousand dollars. No general action had occurred between the contending parties, but several partial ones in different points, in which the Independents had the advantage. The efforts of General Sturbide, to dislodge the executive of the Supreme Government, stationed in Ario, had proved unsuccessful. This is the same General Sturbide, who, on Good Friday of 1813, in his dispatch to the Viceroy, (published in the Mexico Gazette) uses the following words: "This day, on which our Saviour shed his blood for us, we have fared happily, by hathing ourselves in the blood of more than 600 of these excommunicated dogs (Mexican insurgents), whom, being taken prisoners, I ordered to be shot, and the same was executed." The new Constitution of the Independents, and the proclamation which accom. panied it, together with the Almanack, were burned in the square of Mexico, on the 19th August, and the same ceremony was repeated at Vera Cruz on the 7th September. The Viceroy, a second time, has proclaimed the penalty of death and confiscation of property against any one reading or possessing papers belonging to the Insurgents; and the same penalty also against any one failing to denounce another, whom he knows to be possessed of any such papers. The Viceroy calls the Constitution and Congress of the Independents sacrilegious, and says the former is opposed to the throne and the altar, because it establishes the freedom of worship. He also orders that henceforward the Americans shall not be called Insurgents, but that the denomi. nation of traitors and rebels shall be applied to them, and the Spaniards be called Faithful Royalists. This proves that the horrors of warfare, far from diminishing, rather increase, and that the agents of Ferdinand seek to exterminate the men whom they call traitors and rebels. The execution of such a plan could not have been placed in better hands than those of the new Viceroy, General Cruz. The Mexico insurgents, however, have adopted new plans, by concentrating their forces forces in the north, to communicate better with Europe and the United States, in order to obtain arms. They have fitted out several privateers, and already made 26 Sparish prizes. The Insurgents were blockading the river Alvarado, and had taken the port Huatuno. Three Commissioners from the Independent Government of Mexico have gone to the United States. The Viceroy has prohibited all reunions of ladies in the capital, from their being all so favourable to the Insurgents. Ferdinand VII. had created a new order, to be given to all those who should distinguish themselves in the subjugation of the American provinces. It is called the Royal American Order of Isabella the Catholic. The Insurgents laugh at the idea of Americans being rewarded by wearing a mark of their own conquest, since it was Isabella who undertook the original conquest of America. Letters from Cadiz, dated 18th Dec. referring to accounts from Veru Cruz, mention, that in all the Mexican provinces the revolution had acquired a great consistency, and the independence was daily consolidat. ing. Numbers of Europeans were emigrating from Vera Cruz, some had arrived from Cadiz, and all agree, that, under the debilitated state of Spain, and in consequence of the succours recently obtained from New Orleans, New Spain cannot fail shortly to be in the entire possession of the Independents. BONAPARTE AT ST HELENA. Captain Denman, of the Redpole, brought bome dispatches from Sir George Cockburn, dated the 22d of October. Sir George and his squadron arrived off St Helena on the 16th, after a boisterous passage, all well. The inhabitants were of course much surprised. It was learnt at the same time that very considerable addition would be made to the population of the island by the new garrison, as well as the attendants of Napo. lean, the Commissioners to watch him, their suites, &c. Accordingly all was immediately hurry and bustle. Provisions experienced a sudden and enormous rise in price. Eggs, which were before about three shillings a dozen, now advanced to a shilling a piece. Almost every other article of produce rose in the same proportion; and even land itself assumed an increased value of 50 per cents; which is not to be wondered at, considering the small extent of the island, and the still smaller portion' that is fit for cultivation, to feed the increased number of mouths. Upwards of 900 troops arrived cut in the squadron under charge of the Northumberland. A great bustle took place naparte's reception: 80 of the Company's on the 11th in making preparations for Bo and orders were immediately issued by the soldiers were stationed to guard the gates, Governor, that no fishing boats were to be out of harbour after four o'clock in the afternoon. On the 15th the fleet arrived, lowed to go on board to dine. It was some when some persons from the town were aldays before all was ready for conveying Bonaparte to the house allotted for his reception. When he landed, he was dressed in a green coat, white waistcoat, light-coloured small clothes, white stockings, and cocked hat. The coat was trimmed with gold, and a plain epaulette was placed on elegant telescope, and cast his eyes around each shoulder. He held in his hand an objects. The Company's troops on the him with great eagerness to survey the new Cape to do duty there. All foreigners on island were immediately to be sent to the the island, together with their families were ordered to quit. No foreign ships are al lowed to anchor, but are supplied with wa. ter by our men of war. The following extracts of letters contain naparte's situation and behaviour at the some interesting particulars relative to Boisland: "Napoleon resides about two miles in the country, in a small cottage, with a colm, a navy agent; Mr B.'s country house marquee adjoining, belonging to Mr Bal is in the same inclosure, about an hundred yards distant; this is the only family on the island which he visits.-Mr B. has two language fluently, and to whom he is very smart young daughters, who talk the French much attached,-he styles them his little pages. There is a number of little stories of the innocent freedoms they take with him, and how highly he is diverted by it. He is occupied during the day in writing the history of his life, and the evening is devoted to walking in the garden with his The only chance strangers have of convers. Generals, and his society at Mr Balcolm's. ing with him, is by getting an introduction in the evening. Our Captain, and several of to Mr B. and stepping in as if by chance, our passengers, by this means, have had long conversations with him; he talks upon every subject but those relating to politics, which he seems very desirous to avoid. He who have been echoing his praises ever behaved with great politeness to the ladies, the good fortune to arrive as he was taking since. I rode up one afternoon, and had (for I had a companion with me) tied our his afternoon's walk in his garden. We horses to a tree, and slipt behind a bush, a pass; he passed several times within a few little way from the walk where he was to feet feet of us; we had a most distinct view of him; he was accompanied by two of his Generals, Monthelons and Gorgons, who remained uncovered. From what I could hear, (for though loud, he talks very thickly,) the late events was the subject of their conversation. Davoust's name, I could learn, was mentioned with no high encomiums. He was dressed in a plain blue coat, buttoned high over the breast, leaving the belly exposed, which protuberated a good deal, long white waistcoat, nankeen breeches, and military boots; he had a large star on his left breast. He is a middle-sized man, well made, rather corpulent, with a singular, though agreeable countenance, light blue eyes, which appeared to me the most striking feature of his countenance, being so expressive and intelligent; there was nothing, however, in his appearance at all indicative of the great qualities he possesses. He is very strictly watched by the Admiral; two sloops of war are constantly cruizing off the island, the one on the windward, and the other on the leeward sides, besides several guard-boats; they are fortifying it in every possible direction. He still, however, entertains the idea of being at no distant period the Emperor of France; -he thinks it impossible that the French people can long suffer the Bourbons." "St Helena Nov. 20. 1815. "The interest excited on approaching this frightful island may be better imagined than described. I watched, with eager curiosity, the look of each individual whose days were consigned to dwindle here. Madam Bertrand, with streaming eyes, begged me to look at it and pity her; she cast her eyes on her husband, then on her children, who were innocently playing on the quarter deck-seeming to say, Am I at last destined to this? Napoleon eyed it with fortitude; his look, his manner, spoke it as a place more damnable than he bargained for. Anxious as he was to get on shore, he did not quit us for a couple of days; and when he did, I positively saw regret pictured in his face. The last word he uttered happened (from my being near him) to be addressed to me: the Admiral and Captain were at the gangway-barge in waiting: Bonaparte hurried along the quarter-deck from the cabin, wrapped up in a white great coat. As he passed he bowed. My eye, I do think, spoke pity, for it met his, and he hastily asked if I continued on board? It was night before he reached his house in the village. Still there were many spectators whom he was particularly anxious to avoid. At dawn the following day, he rode out with Sir George Cockburn to examine the situation of his future residence.-Longwood is distant five miles from the village, and elevated above it 2000 feet-exactly ten degrees difference of temperature from that at the surface of the ocean. "The interior of the Island is certainly less offensive to the eye than what its exterior would promise. Perhaps, if one would draw a comparison between what the island promises on approaching from the sea, and what is found on taking a ride through the country, one would be tempted to say many spots are beautiful. It has been in this way that the people who have written of St Helena have judged of it. Napoleon, on his first day's ride, (for he has not taken a second), spoke in very unfavourable terms of the places, and said, every description we had given him to read of this island was exaggerated. On descending the mountain, on his return to the village, he stopped at a small house called the Briars, situated on a projecting rock, midway from the summit. Here he requested permission to stop, and from which he has not strayed 100 yards since the hour he took possession. Nature and art have done something for this spot. The lava has become soil, and the eye is relieved by a spot of verdure exceeding two acres. There is a garden with fruit treesa rill of water gurgling by; and Bonaparte, with his friend Las Cassas, here contrive to pass their solitary time. He is perfectly excluded from the gaze of the public, which was perhaps a principal reason for his se lecting this spot until the repairs of Longwood were finished. "I must now introduce you to the inhabitants of this same Briars-this half aerial habitation of the fallen Napoleon. Mr Balcom, a native of England, long resident in the island of St Helena, a merchant of the place, and contractor for the navy, is the proprietor of the Briars. He has resided there for many years, with his family, consisting of his wife, an intelligent woman, and two daughters, both extremely well educated, and under the age of seventeen. Balcom's house is so extremely small, that there are scarcely apartments capable of accommodating his family. He has an out-house, fancifully constructed, on a little eminence, overlooking the valley. This Bonaparte chose for breakfast-room, diningroom, and parlour. His eamp-bed has been conveyed there from the Northumberland, and there is he contented to ruminate, the live-long day, on the awful occurrences of his unexampled career. This apartment of the mighty Napoleon terminates in its top in a little Gothic garret, (where, I declare to you, I cannot turn round). There resides the Counsellor of State, Compte Las Cassas, |