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general and the legislator the type of their own mind.*

* Time that France has passed in war from the Thirteenth to the Eighteenth Century.

In the fourteenth century, forty-three years of war: i. e. five of civil war, thirteen of war off the territory, twenty-five of war on the territory, of France.-In this period there were fourteen great battles, among others, that of Courtrai, where the Flemish won four hundred pair of spurs from the French knights; and that of Poictiers, where the King of France was taken prisoner.

In the fifteenth century, seventy-one years of war: i. e. thirteen of civil war, forty-three of war on the territory, and fifteen of war carried out of the territory, of France. In this period there were eleven great battles -Agincourt, Castillon, and Montlhéry were among the number.

In the sixteenth century, eighty-five years of war: i. e. forty-four of war off the French territory, eight of war on the French territory, and thirty-three of civil and religious war.-In this period there were twentyseven great battles.

In the seventeenth century, sixty-nine years of war: i. e. eleven of civil war, fifty-two of war carried off the French territory, and six of religious war.-In this period there were thirty-nine great battles.

In the eighteenth century, fifty-eight years of war: i. e. one of religious war, six of civil war, and fifty-one of war off the French territory.

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LITERARY INFLUENCE.

The anniversary of Molière-Speech of M. Thiers-The man of letters is what the Baron and the Courtier were-The literary man in France is what he is not in America, Germany, and England - Election of Finsbury―The false conclusions drawn during the reform bill, as to the respect which would be afterwards felt for men of letters-How a love of letters grew up in France-The causes that extend a power need not be those which have created it-If you wish to create a love for the arts, and for science, in England, how you must do it - Dr. Bowring's evidence on silk trade — What are the advantages that England would derive from a taste for the arts-How men of science and letters have been encouraged in France-List-Public establishments in France-Ecole des Arts et Métiers -What is honoured by the state is honoured in society-Situation of literary men in France and literary men in England-Unhappy situation of the latter -Causes-The French might even derive more advantages than they have yet done from their national love of science and letters-New aristocracy that might be based upon it.

16th JANUARY, 1832.-It is the anniversary of Molière. "Le Théâtre Français

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joue le Misanthrope' et le Malade Imaginaire,' avec la cérémonie. Mademoiselle Mars

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et l'élite de la troupe joueront dans cette réprésentation. L'anniversaire de la naissance de Molière sera aussi célébré au faubourg St. Germain. L'Odéon jouera Tartuffe' et le Médecin malgré lui.'"*—I copy this paragraph from the newspaper. Every year, on the same day, is observed and celebrated the birthday of Molière, by the great Theatre of France.+ On this day one of his comedies is invariably given, and the best performers, male and female, appear in any part, however inconsiderable, that may be assigned to them. Some piece, made for the occasion, as the 'Ménage de Molière,' follows, or an ode in honour of the great French dramatist is recited, and the

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"The French Theatre will give The Misanthrope' and 'The Malade Imaginaire,' with the usual ceremony. Mademoiselle Mars and the élite of the company will perform in this representation. The anniversary of Molière will also be celebrated in the faubourg St. Germain. The Odéon will give the 'Tartuffe' and the 'Médecin malgré lui.'

+ The great comedian's bust is placed in the middle of the theatre; the comedians, all in the costume of some of the great parts in Molière, walk in procession round the theatre, salute the assembly, and lay, one after the other, a laurel branch at the foot of the statue.

evening concludes with the ceremony, sacred in the place where it is performed, 'the Crowning of the Statue of Molière,' amidst the shouts and the tears, the religious joy and veneration, with which the populace of Paris hail a triumph of the arts.

One of the influences most powerful in France, and most visible in every society of France, is, undoubtedly, the influence of letters. "I begin my political life," said M. V. Hugo, when his tragedy of 'Le Roi s'amuse' was prohibited;—and in a country where the public take so deep and lively an interest in literature, the prohibition of a tragedy is, in fact, the commencement of a political life. At the very moment that I am writing, the words yet ring in my ear which I heard one of the most distinguished members address the other evening to the Chamber of Deputies,-"And I -I who am speaking to you, 'Messieurs,' when people talk to you of an aristocracy and the influence of an aristocracy, what am I? What am I, whom you think worthy of your attention; who take my place on yonder bench, by the side of men who have gained battles; * by the side of men bearing the noblest names† in * Looking at Marshal Soult.

+ Looking at the Duc de Broglie.

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