THE HISTORY O F ANCIENT GREECE, ITS COLONIES, AND CONQUESTS; From the Earliest Accounts till the Divifion of the Macedonian Empire in the East. INCLUDING THE HISTORY OF LITERATURE, PHILOSOPHY, AND THE FINE ARTS. By JOHN GILLIES, LL. D. F. A. S. Εκ μεν τοιγε της άπαντων προς αλληλα συμπλοκής και παραθέσεως Printed for J. J. TOURNEISEN; and J. L. LEGRAND. C.DE LA HAR TO THE K IN G. / SIR, THE Hiftory of Greece exposes the dangerous turbulence of Democracy, and arraigns the defpotism of Tyrants. By describing the incurable evils inherent in every form of Republican policy, it evinces the inestimable benefits, refulting to Liberty itself, from the lawful dominion of hereditary Kings, and the fteady operation of well-regulated Monarchy. With fingular propriety, therefore, the present Work may be refpectfully offered to Your MAJESTY, as Sovereign of the freest nation upon earth; and that Sovereign, through whose discerning munificence, the intereft of those liberal arts, which diftinguished and ennobled Greece beyond all other countries of antiquity, has been more fuccessfully promoted in Your MAJESTY'S dominions, than during any former period in the British annals. That Your MAJESTY may long reign the illuftrious Guardian of public freedom, and the unrivalled Patron of useful learning, is the fervent prayer of YOUR MAJESTY's LONDON, Feb. 10, 1786. Moft dutiful Subject and Servant, JOHN GILLIES. PREFACE. THE following History commences with the infancy of Greece, and defcribes its gradual advancement towards civilization and power. But the main defign of my Work is confined to the fpace of feven centuries, which elapfed from the fettlement of the Ionians in Afia Minor till the establishment of the Macedonian empire in the Eaft; during which memorable period, the arts and arms of the Greeks, confpiring to excite the admiration and terror of the ancient world, juftly merit the attentive study of the prefent age, and pofterity. In the general revolutions of their national confederacy, which, though always loofe and imperfect, was never altogether diffolved, I have interwoven the defcription and principal tranfactions of each independent republic, however small or inconfiderable; and, by comparing authors feldom read, and not frequently confulted for historical materials, have endeavoured to trace · the intricate feries, and to explain the fecret connexion, of seemingly detached events, in order to reduce the scattered members of Grecian story into one perpetual unbroken narrative; a defign, |