CRAIG, WILLIAM, LORD CRAIG (17451813), Scottish judge, son of William Craig, minister, of Glasgow, was born in 1745. He studied at the university of Edinburgh, and was admitted advocate at the Scottish bar in 1768. Partly on account of his literary tastes and pursuits, his success was not so rapid as his undoubted legal talents might have guaranteed. In 1784 he discharged the duties of advocate-depute along with Blair and Abercromby, and in 1787 he became sheriff-depute of Ayrshire. In 1792 he was on the death of Hailes raised to the bench with the title of Lord Craig. Though he had not held a prominent position at the bar, his elevation was fully justified by his career as a judge. In 1795 he succeeded Lord Henderland as a judge of the court of justiciary, an office which he held till 1812. He retained his office in the civil court till his death 8 July 1813. Craig along with other advocates was a member of a literary society called the 'Tabernacle,' who met at a tavern for reading essays and discussing literary matters. On the suggestion of Craig they ultimately resolved to start a periodical for the publication of the essays, upon which they changed the name of the society to the Mirror Club,' the name given to the publication being the 'Mirror.' It was published by Creech on Tuesdays and Saturdays, the first number appearing on Saturday 23 Jan. 1779, and the last (the 110th) 27 May 1780. Next to those of Henry Mackenzie the contributions of Craig were the most numerous, among them being a paper in the thirtysixth number which assisted to bring into notice the poems of Michael Bruce. Craig was also a frequent contributor to the 'Lounger (1785-6-7), published by the same club. He was cousin-german of Mrs. Maclehose, the Clarinda' of Robert Burns. Both publicly and privately he was held in much esteem for his upright conduct and courteous manners. [Kay's Original Portraits, i. 302-4, ii. 380; Haig and Brunton's Senators of the College of Justice, 540-1; Chambers's Dictionary of Eminent Scotsmen (Thomson), i. 392-3.] T. F. H. CRAIG, SIR WILLIAM GIBSON (1797-1878), lord clerk register of Scotland, eldest son of (Sir) James Gibson, afterwards Craig, of Riccarton [q. v.], was born 2 Aug. 1797. Educated at the high school of Edin. burgh and a private school in Yorkshire, he was called to the Scotch bar in 1820. His connection with the bar was, however, merely nominal, and after devoting some time to foreign travel he, on his return to Edinburgh, turned his attention to politics and other matters of public interest. In 1834 he served on the commission to inquire into church property in Ireland, and in the same year as a member of the general assembly of the church of Scotland he gave his support to the Veto Act. In 1835 he contested Midlothian with Sir George Clerk, but was defeated by a small majority. He was, however, returned in 1837, and in 1841 he exchanged the representation of the county for that of the city of Edinburgh, his parliamentary career closing in 1852. From 1846 to 1852 he was a lord of the treasury. In the public affairs of Edinburgh he took an active and prominent interest. He was one of the chief originators of the scheme for the water supply of the city, and through his suggestion a commission was in 1847 appointed to inquire into the whole subject of art in Scotland, the result of its deliberations being the erection of the National Gallery. In 1854 he was appointed to one of the unpaid seats at the board of supervision for the administration of the poor law in Scotland. In 1862 he was appointed lord clerk register and keeper of the signet in Scotland, and the following year was elected a privy councillor. The duties of lord clerk register he discharged gratui tously, in order that meanwhile inquiry might be made in regard to the functions of the office, the result being that in 1871 the salary of 1,2001. attached to it was restored. It is to his initiative that we owe the publication of the documents of the register office, of the privy council records, and of an index volume to Thomson's 'Acts of Parliament.' Craig was a leading member of the Highland and Ågricultural Society, of which he became treasurer in succession to Sir Thomas Dick Lauder. In 1848 he became deputy-lieutenant of Midlothian. Privately he secured general and cordial esteem, and was well known for his hospitality to men distinguished in politics or letters. He died 12 March 1878. By his wife, a daughter of Mr. H. Vivian, M.P., he left issue, and he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son. [Men of the Time, 9th ed.; Scotsman, 13 March 1878.] T. F. H. CRAIG, WILLIAM MARSHALL (A. 1788-1828), miniature-painter, said to have been a nephew of Thomson the poet, was drawing-master to the Princess Char-versity of that city in 1816, and in 1832 belotte of Wales, miniature-painter to the Duke came a fellow of the Edinburgh College of and Duchess of York, and painter in water- Physicians. He never attained great practice, colours to the queen. As early as 1788 he nor was famous as a teacher; but in 1828 exhibited at the Academy, being then resi- he published a bulky Elements of General dent at Manchester. In 1791, when he ex- and Pathological Anatomy,' of which a second hibited two figure subjects, he had settled in edition appeared in 1848. It shows that he London. In 1792 he began as a miniature had read many books on morbid anatomy, and portrait painter, varying this by occa- and the facts repeated from previous writers sional rustic figures, landscapes, and domestic are often well arranged by Craigie, so that it scenes. He contributed little after 1821, and may occasionally be looked into with profit. ceased to exhibit altogether in 1827. In the The part describing morbid changes in the panfirst quarter of the century he shared with creas is perhaps the best section of the book. John Thurston the honour of being one of the Its defect is a want of that familiarity with principal designers on wood; and many of diseased structures which can only be acquired the popular engravers, e.g. Thomas Bewick, in the post-mortem room. Craigie was phyLuke Clennell, Charlton Nesbit, Branston, sician to the Edinburgh Infirmary, but was Austin, Hole, Lee, worked for a commonplace more of a writer than of an observer. He Scripture Illustrated,' which he put forth in became the owner of the Edinburgh Medical 1806. He also made most of the drawings and Surgical Journal,' and edited his periodical for the British Gallery of Pictures,' 1808. himself. He wrote 'Elements of Anatomy, Others of his works were 'An Essay on the General, Special, and Comparative,' and in Study of Nature in drawing Landscape,' 1836 Elements of the Practice of Physic.' 1793; 'The Complete Instructor in Drawing,' He helped Thomson in his 'Life of Cullen,' 1806; The Sports of Love,' in six etchings and published thirty separate papers on me[1807]; 'Lectures on Drawing, Painting, and dical subjects. They remain almost unread, Engraving,' delivered at the Royal Institu- but are at least evidence of his persevering tion, 1821; and 'A Wreath for the Brow of labour through many years; his 'Morbid Youth,' a book said to have been written for Anatomy' is his best work, and deserves a the Princess Charlotte. From the second place in every large medical library. After edition of this, which is dated 1828, Craig a long period of failing health he died in must have been living in that year. He was September 1866. a mediocre illustrator; but his water-colours are skilfully finished. One of them, 'The Wounded Soldier,' is included in the William Smith gift to the South Kensington Museum. [Redgrave; Craig's Works.] A. D. CRAIGHALL, LORD (1605 P-1654), Scottish judge. [See HOPE, SIR JOHN.] CRAIGIE, DAVID, M.D. (1793-1866), physician, was born near Edinburgh in June 1793, took his medical degree in the uni [Lancet, 8 Sept. 1866; Works.] N. M. CRAIGIE, ROBERT (1685-1760), judge, son of Lawrence Craigie of Kilgraston, born in 1685, became advocate 1709, lord advocate 1742, M.P. for Wick borough (1742–7), and president of the court of session 1754. He is described by Lord Woodhouslee as a lawyer of great acumen, knowledge, and industry. He died on 10 March 1760. [Brunton and Haig's Senators of the College of Justice.] J. M. R. VOL. IV. 4T Chardon, Charldon, or Charlton, John (d. 1601) Charite, William (1422–1502 ?) Charlemont, first Earl of (1728-1799). See Charlemont, Viscounts of. See Caulfeild, PAGE 64 65 65 67 Charles I (1600-1649) 67 Charles II (1650-1685) 84 Chaucombe, Hugh de (fl. 1200) Chauncey, Charles (1706-1777) Chauncey, Ichabod (d. 1691). . 169 . 111 Charles, David (d. 1878). See under Charles, Charles, Joseph (1716-1786) . Chauncy, Maurice (d. 1581) . 172 Charles or Carles, Nicholas (d. 1618) 111 Chavasse, William (1785-1814) 178 . 111 Cheadsey, William (1510 ?-1574 ?). See 114 Cheape, Sir John (1792-1875) Chebham, Thomas de (f. 1230). See Chab- ham. Chedsey or Cheadsey, William (1510 ?-1574 ?) 174 See 175 . 176 Cheere, Sir Henry (1703-1781) . 176 120 Charlotte Augusta, Princess (1796-1817) Cheesman, Thomas (1760-1835 ?) . 177 120 Chefer or Cheffer, Richard (f. 1400 ?) .177 Charlotte Sophia (1744-1818). 123 Charlton. See also Charleton. Charlton or Cherleton, Edward, fifth and last Chelle or Chell, William (fl. 1550) . 183 183 123 Chelsum, James (1740 ?-1801) 185 |