CHAMBERLAINE, JOHN (17451812), antiquary, succeeded Richard Dalton in February 1791 as keeper of the king's drawings and medals. He deserves recognition as having carried out his predecessor's proposals and published: 1. Imitations of Original Drawings, by Hans Holbein, in the Collection of His Majesty, for the Portraits of Illustrious Persons of the Court of Henry VIII. With Biographical Tracts,' 2 vols. fol. London, 1792-1800 (another edition, with the engravings reduced, 4to, London, 1812). 2. Original Designs of the most celebrated masters of Bolognese, Roman, Florentine, and Venetian Schools; comprising some of the Works of L. da Vinci, the Caracci, C. Lorrain, Raphael, Michael Angelo, the Poussins, and others in his Majesty's Collection,' 2 parts, fol. London, 1812 (this is a reissue, with additions, of a work published in 1796-7). The plates for these fine publications were executed, with few exceptions, by Bartolozzi and his pupil Tomkins. The letterpress accompanying the Holbein series was written with scrupulous care by Edmund Lodge. Chamberlaine died at Paddington Green on 12 Jan. 1812 (Gent. Mag. lxxxii. i. 92). He had been admitted to the Society of Antiquaries on 7 June 1792, and was for some years a member of the Society of Arts.

[European Mag. lxi. 78; Lowndes's Bibliographer's Manual (ed. Bohn), i. 405; Reuss's Alphabetical Register of Living Authors, ii. 189; Ironsides's Hist. of Twickenham (Nichols's Bibl. Topog. Brit. vol. x. No. 6), p. 94.]

G. G. CHAMBERLANE, ROBERT, D.D. (d. 1638), Franciscan friar, was a native of Ulster. He was at first a secular doctor of divinity at Salamanca, and afterwards a Franciscan friar and lecturer in the Irish college at Louvain. Two manuscript treatises by him, 'De Scientia Dei' and 'De futuris Contingentibus,' were formerly preserved in the library of that college. He died on 11 June 1638.

[Wadding's Scriptores Ordinum Minorum (1806), 209; Sbaralea's Supplementum et Castigatio, 638; Ware's Writers of Ireland (Harris), 115.]

T. C.

CHAMBERLAYNE, SIR EDWARD (1484?-1543?), of Shirburn Castle in Oxfordshire, came of a family which claimed descent from the counts of Tancarville, hereditary chamberlains to the dukes of Normandy and early Norman kings of England. Eldest son of Richard Chamberlayne of Shirburn, who died on 20 Aug. 1497, and Sibilla Fowler, he was over forty years of

age when his mother died in 1525 (Ing. post mortem, 16 Hen. VIII, No. 167). Henry VII made him keeper of Woodstock Park on 10 Sept. 1508 (Pat. Roll, 24 Hen. VII, p. 1, m. 11), and that office was, on 16 April 1532, renewed to him and his son Leonard in survivorship (Privy Seal, 23 Hen. VIII). In the summer of 1512 he led thirty men in Sir William Sandys's company in the fruitless expedition led by Thomas, marquis of Dorset, to Biscay, to aid King Ferdinand's invasion of France. In the following spring Lord Edmund Howard carried on the war with France by sea until killed in a fight off Brest on 25 April, and Chamberlayne was captain of the Henry Totehill, 80 tons, 62 men, in Howard's fleet. In May of that year, when Henry VIII in person invaded France, Chamberlayne went in the retinue of Charles Brandon, lord Lisle, who led the vanguard of the English army. He was sheriff of Oxfordshire and Berkshire in 1517-18. In 1520 he was at the Field of the Cloth of Gold and the subsequent meeting of Henry VIII and the Emperor Charles V at Gravelines. He accompanied Thomas, earl of Surrey's expedition, or rather raid, into Picardy in the war of 1522. In the spring of 1526 he and George Carew of Mohuns Ottery were refugees in France, but why they fled the realm does not appear. He sat as a burgess for Wallingford in the parliament of 1529. When Catherine of Arragon after her divorce in 1533 was kept virtually as a prisoner at Kimbolton, he seems to have held some office of authority over her household. He was at Kimbolton when Catherine died there in January 1536 He died about 1543. By Cecily, his wife, daughter of Sir John Verney, knight, he left a son, Leonard, afterwards governor of the Tower and of Guernsey [see CHAMBERLAIN or CHAMBERLAYNE, SIR LEONARD]. A certain Sir Edward Chamberlayne is named as under-almoner to Henry VIII in 1516 (Cal. of Hen. VIII, ii. App. 58), but this was perhaps a priest.

Sir Edward Chamberlayne of Shirburn is not to be confounded with his contemporary SIR EDWARD CHAMBERLAYNE of Gedding in Suffolk (1470-1541), second son of Sir Robert Chamberlayne of Barking, Essex, who was attainted by statute 7 Henry VII, cap. 23, and executed on 12 March 1491 for high treason. This Edward Chamberlayne in 1522 succeeded his brother, Sir Francis Chamberlayne, in the possessions of their mother, Elizabeth Fitz-Raaf, which had escaped the confiscation consequent upon Sir Robert's attainder. He was then Edward Chamberlayne, 'esquire,' and over fifty-two years of age (Ing. p. m. 14 Hen. VIII, No. 125). On

11 March 1531 he obtained a reversal of his father's attainder, but without restitution of property. He died on 15 July 1541, and was buried at Burnham Broome in Norfolk. By his wife, Jane Starkey, he left four sons and a daughter. The third son, Leonard, died on 20 Aug. 1561 (Ing. p. m. 4 Eliz. No. 8), the same year and month as Sir Leonard Chamberlayne of Shirburn.

[Calendar of Henry VIII; State Papers Henry VIII (the Chamberlain referred to in vol. ix. pp. 356, 358-9, &c., although indexed as Sir Edward, seems to be Thomas Chamberlain); Patent Rolls and Inquisitions post mortem; Wills of Sir Edward Chamberlayne of Gedding and Sir Leonard Chamberlayne of Shirburn; Strype's Memorials, 1. i. 371; Blomefield's Norfolk; Newcourt's Repert. ii. 465; Heralds' Visitations of Norfolk and Suffolk among Harleian MSS.; Visitation of Oxford in 1634, Harl. MS. 1557, f. 29b; Berry's County Genealogies, Hants, p. 337; Wood's Athenæ Oxon. (ed. Bliss), iv: 789; Chamberlayne's Notitiæ, pt. II. iii. cap. 3; Chronicle of Calais; Wriothesley's Chronicle, i. 2.]

R. H. B.

CHAMBERLAYNE, EDWARD (16161703), author of 'The Present State of England,' grandson of Sir Thomas Chamberlayne, knight, at one time English ambassador in the Low Countries, and son of Thomas Chamberlayne, was born at Oddington, Gloucestershire, on 13 Dec. 1616. He was first educated at Gloucester, entered St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, at Michaelmas 1634, proceeded B.A. on 20 April 1638, and M.A. 6 March 1641. During a part of 1641 he held the office of rhetoric reader at Oxford, and as soon as the civil war broke out he began a long continental tour, visiting France, Spain, Italy, Hungary, Bohemia, Sweden, and the Low Countries. At the Restoration he returned to England, in 1669 became secretary to Charles Howard, earl of Carlisle, and went to Stockholm to invest the king of Sweden with the order of the Garter. He was granted the degrees of LL.D. at Cambridge (January 1670-1) and of D.C.L. at Oxford (22 June 1672). About 1679 he became tutor to Charles II's illegitimate son, Henry Fitzroy, duke of Grafton, and he was subsequently English tutor to Prince George of Denmark. He was one of the original members of the Royal Society. In later life he lived at Chelsea, and he died there in May 1703 (LUTTRELL, v.302). He was buried (27 May) in a vault in Chelsea churchyard. His friend Walter Harris wrote a long Latin epitaph, where it was stated that, with a view to benefiting posterity, Chamberlayne had had some books of his own composition enclosed in wax and buried with him. He married in

1658 Susannah, daughter of Richard Clifford, by whom he had nine children. John Chamberlayne (1666-1723) [q. v.] was a younger son.

the first

Chamberlayne's wife died on 17 Dec. 1703, and was buried beside her husband. Chamberlayne wrote and translated a number of historical tracts, but his best-known work is a duodecimo handbook to the social and political condition of England, with lists of public officers and statistics, entitled 'Anglia Notitiæ, or the Present State of England.' The publication was an obvious adaptation of 'L'Estat Nouveau de la France' (Paris, 1661). The first edition appeared anonymously in 1669 (not in 1667, as stated by Lowndes), and was dedicated to the Earl of Carlisle. Two other editions, with the author's name, were issued later in the same year. With the fifth edition of 1671 is bound edition of a second part, containing addiup tional information; in the seventh edition of 1673 a portrait of Charles II, by Faithorne, makes its first appearance; in the ninth edition of 1676 is a new dedication to the Earl of Danby; with the eighteenth edition of 1694 is bound up a new third part, first issued separately in 1683. Hearne tells us that Andrew Allam [q. v.] had contributed largely to the sixteenth edition (1689), and that his information was inserted by Chamberlayne without acknowledgment in all later issues (HEARNE, Collections, Oxford Hist. Soc., i. 130). Chamberlayne issued the twentieth edition in 1702, and after his death his son John continued to edit the publication. The twenty-first edition (1708) bears the new title 'Magna Britanniæ Notitia, or the Present State of Great Britain.' John Chamberlayne died after the issue of the twenty-second edition in 1723, but fourteen editions were subsequently issued by the booksellers, the last being the thirty-sixth and bearing the date 1755. The popular handbook had its plagiarist in one Guy Miege, who brought out The New State of England' in 1691, and although both Chamberlaynes called repeated attention to Miege's theft, Miege continued his handbook till 1748. A French translation of Chamberlayne's second edition appeared in 1669.

Chamberlayne's other books were: 1. 'The Present War Parallel'd, or a Brief Relation of the Five Years' Civil Wars of Henry III, King of England,' London, 1647. 2. England's Wants,' London, 1667. 3. The Converted Presbyterian, or the Church of England Justified in Some Practices,' London, 1668. 4. An Academy or College wherein young Ladies and Gentlemen may at a very Moderate Expence be Educated in the True Protestant Religion and in all Virtuous

CHAMBERLAYNE, SIR JAMES (d.
1699), third baronet, poet, was the second
son of Thomas Chamberlayne of Wickham,
Oxfordshire, who was created a baronet in
consideration of his royalist sympathies by
Charles I, 4 Feb. 1642-3, and died, while high
sheriff of Oxfordshire, 6 Oct. 1643 (DUGDALE,
Diary, p. 55; DAVENPORT, High Sheriffs of
Oxfordshire, p. 47). His grandfather was
Thomas Chamberlayne or Chamberlain [q. v.],
judge in the court of king's bench. On the
death, without male issue, of his elder brother,
Sir Thomas, Chamberlayne succeeded late
in life to the baronetcy. He died in October
1699. By his wife, Margaret Goodwin, he
had three sons (James, Henry, and Thomas)
and a daughter. James, the heir and fourth
baronet, was appointed lieutenant-colonel of
the horse guards blue in December 1750, and
died in December 1767.

Sir James was the author of two volumes
of sacred verse, now rarely met with: 1. 'A
Sacred Poem,' in rhyming couplets, detailing
the life of Jesus Christ, and a paraphrase of
eighteen of David's psalms, London, 1680;
and 2. Manuductio ad Cœlum, in two parts,
L. Of Joy and Sadness . . . II. Of Patience
... London, 1681, a verse translation of
Cardinal Bona's' Manuductio ad Coelum, me-
dllam continens sanctorum et veterum phi-
losophorum.' Sir R. L'Estrange brought out
another translation of the same work in 1672,
which became highly popular.

(Wotton's Baronetage, ed. Kimber and John-
s, i. 494; Corser's Collectanea Anglo-Poetica,
266-70; Brit. Mus. Cat. s. vv. Chamber-
lain' and 'Chamberlayne.']
S. L.

CHAMBERLAYNE, JOHN (1666-
1723), miscellaneous writer, a younger son of
Edward Chamberlayne [q.v.], was born about
1606, probably in or near London. In 1685
he published The Manner of making Coffee,
Tes, and Chocolate as it is used in most
parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America,
with their Vertues. Neuly done out of

He

he entered as a commoner Trinity College,
Oxford, and from here, 24 June 1686, he
dates his translation of 'A Treasure of Health
by Castor Durante Da Gualdo, Physician and
Citizen of Rome.' Leaving Oxford without
a degree, he proceeded to Leyden, where on
12 May 1688 he entered himself as a student
(PEACOCK, Index of Leyden Students, 1883,
p. 19). Here, it would seem, he chiefly
studied modern languages (Sloane MS. 4040,
f. 104), of which, according to contemporary
report, he knew sixteen. On his return he
filled various offices about the court.
was successively gentleman waiter to Prince
George of Denmark, gentleman of the Privy
Chamber first to Queen Anne and then to
King George I. He was also secretary to
Queen Anne's Bounty Commission, and on
the commission of the peace for Middlesex.
In 1702 Chamberlayne was elected a fellow
of the Royal Society. He contributed three
papers to its 'Transactions: 1. A Relation
of the Effects of a Storm of Thunder and
Lightning at Sampford Courtney in Devon-
shire on 7 Oct. 1711' (No. 336, p. 528).
2. 'Remarks on the Plague at Copenhagen
in the year 1711' (No. 337, p. 279). 3. 'An
Account of the Sunk Island in Humber'
(No. 361, p. 1014). In the 'Sloane MS.'
there are a number of letters from Chamber-
layne on the affairs of the society. None of
these, however, are of special importance.
Chamberlayne was also a member of the
Society for the Propagation of Christian
Knowledge. He translated for this body
Osterwald's 'Arguments of the Book and
Chapters of the Old and New Testament,'
3 vols. 1716; new ed. 3 vols. 1833.

Chamberlayne's most important work was
his translation of Brandt's History of the
Reformation in the Low Countries,' 4 vols.
1720-3. In the preface to a part of this
published in 1719 he relates that Fagel as-
sured Bishop Burnet 'that it was worth his
while to learn Dutch, only for the pleasure
of reading Brandt's "History of the Re-
formation." Chamberlayne also continued
his father's 'Present State of England' after
his death in 1703, and issued five editions.
The son's name still appeared on editions that
were published after his own death (as late
as 1755). He also published Puffendorf's
History of Popedom, containing the Rise,
Progress, and Decay thereof,' 1691; 'Oratio
Dominica in diversas omnium fere gentium
linguas versa,' Amstelodami, 1715; Nieu-
wertyl's 'Religious Philosopher, or the right
Use of contemplating the Works of the
Creator,' 3 vols. 1718; Fontenelle's 'Lives of

[Boyer's Political State of Great Britain, xxvi. 567 (1723); Biographia Britannica, i. 1282; Faulkener's Chelsea (2 vols. 1829); Atkyns's Glostershire; Weld's Hist. Royal Society, i. 414-5; Wood's Athenæ Oxonienses (ed. Bliss), iv. 790; Baumgartner MS. at Cambridge, vii. 47, 48, 49; letters to J. Strype; Brit. Mus. Cat. where, under Chamberlayne, John, the names of various works in some way connected with him are given. Among the Museum MSS. are a large number of Chamberlayne's letters, but they possess little or no value.]

F. W-T.

CHAMBERLAYNE, WILLIAM (1619-1689), physician and poet, was born in 1619. He practised as a physician at Shaftesbury in Dorsetshire. During the civil wars he was distinguished for his loyalty to Charles I; and it appears from a passage at the close of the second book of Pharonnida' that he was present at the second battle of Newbury. He died in January 1689, and was buried at Shaftesbury in the churchyard of the Holy Trinity, where a monument was erected to him by his son Valentine Chamberlayne. In 1658 he published 'Love's Victory, a TragiComedy, 4to, dedicated to Sir William Portman, bart. There are some fine passages in the play, and plenty of loyal sentiment. An alteration, under the title of 'Wits led by the Nose, or a Poet's Revenge,' was acted at the Theatre Royal in 1678, and printed in the same year. In 1659 appeared Pharonnida, an Heroick Poem,' 8vo. The dedication to Sir William Portman, dated from Shaftesbury 12 May 1659, is followed by an epistle to the reader,' in which Chamberlayne states that Fortune had placed him in too low a sphear to be happy in the acquaintance of the ages more celebrated wits.' The poem is in rhymed heroics; there are five books and five cantos to each book. As the fourth book commences with fresh pagination and in different type, it has been conjectured that the printing was interrupted by the author's employment in the wars. In spite of its diffuseness and intricacy, the story is interesting; and much of the poetry is remarkable for happy imagery and rich expression. Both in its faults and

lectanea; Hutchins's Dorset. ed. 2, iii. 201.] [Retrospective Review, vol. i; Corser's Col

A. H. B.

CHAMBERLEN, HUGH, the elder, M.D. (A. 1720), physician and economist, the eldest son of Peter Chamberlen, M.D., by marriage with Jane, eldest daughter of Sir Hugh Myddelton, bart., was born in the parish of St. Anne's, Blackfriars, between 1630 and 1634. It is doubtful whether he ever took or obtained a degree in physic, although he is styled doctor of medicine in the state papers and on the lists of the Royal Society. From his father he inherited the faculty for bringing himself conspicuously before the public by schemes of a more or less visionary character. In 1666 he busied himself with a project for freeing the city of the plague, as we learn from a paper in his handwriting, preserved in the Record Office (Cal. State Papers, Dom. 1665-6, p. 423). In August 1670, while staying at Paris, he met the celebrated surgeon, François Mauriceau, and two years later he published a translation of the latter's treatise on midwifery. This became for long afterwards the standard text-book on the subject, and passing through several editions was republished as late as 1755. In the preface, which was repeated without alteration in all subsequent editions, are many remarkable statements, notably those relating to the invention and use of the obstetric forceps by the translator's family. Chamberlen had now acquired considerable reputation in his profession, more especially as a man-midwife, and on the petition of his father he obtained, in February 1673, the reversion of Sir John Hinton's place as physician in ordinary to the king, which office fell to him the following October.

In 1685 Chamberlen came again before the public as the author of 'Manuale Medicum: or a small Treatise of the Art of Physick in general and of Vomits and the Jesuits Powder in particular,' 8vo, London, 1685. By the