coughing or sneezing, except when the mouth and nose are covered with a handkerchief. To these precautions I attribute the freedom we are having in this district from contagious diseases (coughs and influenza) which are affecting our neighbors.

But such practical results of an individual nature are not the only ones which have already developed as a result of this campaign which has been so intelligently conducted in Ontario County under the leadership of Mr. Henry B. Graves, general manager of the Standard Optical Works, one of the busiest men in the county, who, in some way or other, finds more time to give to this movement than any one else. It should be said, however, to the credit of the leading physicians, clergymen, and many other business men in this enlightened community, that they have given most generously of their time, strength, and means to the end that their slogan may be realized. The result is there are visiting nurses in the city of Geneva and in the village of Canandaigua. These communities are providing temporary camps for the immediate care of persons suffering from tuberculosis, relief is administered intelligently to the deserving, and the Supervisors of Ontario County are pushing forward the construction of a county sanatorium which is designed to provide the best of modern care and treatment for persons residing in that county.

Even Mr. Graves does not believe that

they will succeed in stamping out tuberculosis by 1915. He will admit that the slogan is more optimistic than scientific, but he will insist that it is good psychology; and he sincerely believes that the death rate from this disease will be much less by 1915 than it would have been if their slogan No Tuberculosis in Ontario County in 1915" had not been pushed; and he believes that the death rate will be so greatly reduced that even those who are led to believe that there will be no tuberculosis by 1915 will not be disappointed with the actual result. Most communities, however, are hardly as optimistic; but, it must be admitted, neither are they so active.

THE STATE CAMPAIGN

its prevalence in various localities; of pictures of hospitals, sanatoria, dispensaries and other provisions for consumptives; of models of outdoor sleeping porches and facilities intended to aid the open-air treatment; and of various appliances needed in the consumptive's sickroom in order to give the patient proper care and to protect other members of the family have been shown in nearly every village in the county. Thousands of leaflets have been distributed, phonograph lectures have been given, and men and boys alike are wearing on the lapel of their coats a button bearing the double red cross (the official emblem of the international warfare against consumption) and the insignia "No Tuberculosis in Ontario County in 1915." Some schools are using the educational leaflets first as readers, then as spellers, and later as a basis for language les

sons.

A most enlightened health officer in one of these country towns, Dr. D. S. Allen, of Seneca, has recently written this very interesting testimony concerning the practical results of this educational crusade in one school where the work was taken up intelligently by a real teacher, whose name is Miss Susan Moore:

The teacher reports to me that there has not been a single cold nor a case of influenza this winter among her forty-five pupils. In the school adjoining, some 21⁄2 miles distant, there is a general epidemic, even to the teacher, and it has been necessary to close the school. In fact, there seems to be a well marked epidemic of grippe all about us. This school, however, has escaped, and although there will undoubtedly be Some cases, I do not expect it to attack the whole school. The reasons are ob

vious to any one who visits that little country school. The cally free from room is practidust, the floors are kept exceptionally clean, although the school house is in the country where there are no paved streets nor sidewalks. individual drinking cups are used exclusively; The blackboards are washed several times a day; there is no common towel; no spitting, and no

MR. HENRY B. GRAVES, OF
GENEVA, N. Y.

(Popularizer of the slogan, "No tuberculosis in Ontario County in 1915 ")

But such practical results of an individual nature are not the only ones which have already developed as a result of this campaign which has been so intelligently conducted in Ontario County under the leadership of Mr. Henry B. Graves, general manager of the Standard Optical Works, one of the busiest men in the county, who, in some way or other, finds more time to give to this movement than any one else. It should be said, however, to the credit of the leading physicians, clergymen, and many other business men in this enlightened community, that they have given most generously of their time, strength, and means to the end that their slogan may be realized. The result is there are visiting nurses in the city of Geneva and in the village of Canandaigua. These communities are providing temporary camps for the immediate care of persons suffering from tuberculosis, relief is administered intelligently to the deserving, and the Supervisors of Ontario County are pushing forward the construction of a county sanatorium which is designed to provide the best of modern care and treatment for persons residing in that county.

Even Mr. Graves does not believe that

by 1915. He will admit that the slogan is more optimistic than scientific, but he will insist that it is good psychology; and he sincerely believes that the death rate from this disease will be much less by 1915 than it would have been if their slogan "No Tuberculosis in Ontario County in 1915" had not been pushed; and he believes that the death rate will be so greatly reduced that even those who are led to believe that there will be no tuberculosis by 1915 will not be disMost appointed with the actual result. communities, however, are hardly as optimistic; but, it must be admitted, neither are they so active.

THE STATE CAMPAIGN

"No Tuberculosis in New York State in 1920, None Uncared-for by 1915," is the banner under which most localities are now beginning to rally, feeling certain of partial success at least. Although this movement in many cities, villages, and counties is fast taking on the shape of the Ontario County plan, Ontario County has not been cited as a typical case. The plan, however, is typical, and that is why it has been discussed at such length, and it may be said that there are some counties which are now beginning to run a close second to Ontario; and there are several of the cities of the State, including Rochester, Schenectady, Albany, and Troy,

Copyright by G. Rockwood, N. Y.

MRS. RUSSELL SAGE

(Whose munificence in endowing and organizing the Russell Sage Foundation made possible the New

York State campaign against tuberculosis)

where the work is being pushed as vigorously as it is in Ontario County. Of course, it goes without saying that all of these local movements have been taking lessons of the splendid work which has been going on for several years in New York City under the direction of the Committee on the Prevention of Tuberculosis of the Charity Organization Society and the Health Department, and in Yonkers under the Sanitary League.

The work in New York State, outside of New York City, Rochester, and Yonkers, was begun a little more than two years ago, when, at the suggestion of Mr. Homer Folks, secretary of the State Charities Aid Association, that organization appointed a Committee on the Prevention of Tuberculosis to undertake a campaign of education in New York State. This campaign was made possible through the munificence of Mrs. Russell Sage in endowing and organizing the Russell Sage Foundation, from which the funds for prosecuting this work are derived. The committee, of which Mr. George F. Canfield is chairman, consists of thirty-two

prominent men and women from professional, business, and social walks of life in all parts of the State. It is the official branch of the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis for the State of New York, outside of New York City, and the campaign which it has been conducting during the past two years has been carried on in co-operation with the New York State Department of Health.

AWAKENING A CITY

The method of campaigning in large cities differs somewhat from the plan followed in the smaller cities and villages and in rural communities. Efforts to arouse a city are more concentrated and perhaps more intensive because it is harder to attract the attention of a large mass of people and more difficult to hold it. It is essential to appreciate that the work must be strikingly brief and interestingly convincing. Long before the large exhibition of the State Health Department is to appear in a city all arrangements are made for a whirlwind campaign of publicity.

The exhibition is usually shown in the State Armory or some other large hall for a period of about a week, in connection with which stereopticon lectures are given every afternoon and evening; but for two weeks