that Gray does not mention it as a verse to be struck out; whilst if it was really written by him, then it is strange that it is not mentioned by Mason, Wakefield, Matthias, or Mitford, in their editions of Gray's poems. Dodsley printed four editions of the Elegy in eight weeks. Probably one of the "pinches" he gave it was the ugly border of death's-heads and cross-bones with which he adorned the title-page. EDWARD SOLLY. Sutton, Surrey. stainers from intoxicating liquors. The true account has been previously supplied by me to "N. & Q." Suffice it to say here that, in the month of September, 1833, Richard Turner (known as "Dicky Turner ") was addressing a temperance meeting in the old Cockpit at Preston; and wishing to give emphatic utterance to the necessity of totally and absolutely getting rid of all strong drinks (and not of spirits only, as was the aim of the first temperance societies), he came out with the word "Teetotal." One who was present says, "Its sound was like magic upon the audience, who loudly cheered." And henceforward the move MAJOR LEWIS KEMEYS (2nd S. iii. 290.)-By an accident I have seen the following at the above reference :"Major Lewis Kemeys, of the Hon. Col. Hill's regiment against all alcoholic liquors was spoken of as ment of foot, in his will, dated July 18, 1706, says "Teetotalism," and its professors as "Teetotalers." that he had lately purchased of his brother and sister DAWSON BURNS. Betson a real estate at Falsgrave, in the parish of Scarborough, which, as we learn from the will of his son, Lewis, was called The Highfield.' Lewis, the son, inherited a moiety of the estate, and left it to his only son, John," &c. (Signed) "G. STEINMAN STEINMAN." My grandfather, William Kemeys, left Scarborough, with his family furniture, &c., say about the year 1790 or 1795, and left, as my father informed me, a property at Falsgrave or Walsgrave, which I feel quite certain he never disposed of, being stricken with paralysis, which injured his mind and rendered him unable to attend to his own affairs. I find among some old parchment leases, deeds, &c., one of lands in Falsgrave from Nicholas Kemeys and May, his wife, to the Betsons-this Nicholas Kemeys was my grandfather's grandfather, I presume-a lease for sixty years. Perhaps this may enlighten MR. STEINMAN STEINMAN if he be still living. Could I ascertain through your valuable paper an answer to the following? The coat of arms that my grandfather brought to this country was three lions rampant. Question-When was this coat granted, by whom, and what for? It indicates, as I understand, that it was given for distinguished services on the field of battle, and differs entirely from the Welsh Kemeys. WM. KEMEYS. [Our correspondent will find that the Kemeys family is also referred to in "N. & Q.," 2nd S. ii. 249, 416.] 66 "TEETOTAL" (5th S. iv. 429; v. 18, 137.)-Mr. Robert Kearton, better known as the Grassington miner," assured me that the name originated as follows. A well-known abstainer was a Mr. Swingelhurst, of Preston, who stuttered, and would say, "I'm a t-t-t-tee-totaller." He was a popular character, and so his stuttering originated a word. I have for many years lost sight of Mr. Kearton, who used to lecture on phrenology, temperance, &c. I have endeavoured to trace him so that he might reply, but all my efforts to find him have failed. JAMES HENRY DIXON. The quotation from Haydn's Dictionary of Dates is only a partially correct statement of the application of the word "Teetotal" to total ab Miscellaneous. NOTES ON BOOKS, &c. Argo; or, the Quest of the Golden Fleece. A Metrical Tale, in Ten Books. By Alexander, Earl of Crawford and Balcarres. (Murray.) THE present Lord Crawford and Balcarres is no novice knight in the literary arena. He many years ago won his spurs, and gained his laurels as an author. His history of his own illustrious house, his sketches of the history of Christian art, and his ingenious theory, Progression by Antagonism, long ago established his claim to distinction in the Republic of Letters. He has, however, for many years ceased from all literary avocations, and now, on the margin of declining manhood, fulfils the daydream of his younger days. Lord Crawford gives (forming the preface to his work) between the Muse and this explanation of his present poem in a dialogue himself: sing? Belov'd! I answer'd, I am weary-worn. Thrice twenty-one long years have plac'd my foot On the third trembling stage of human life; Thou know'st how I have toil'd-how can My voice is feeble, and the fire burnt low." This preliminary explanation must tend to disarm the severity of criticism, and under its softening influences we will speak of the poem of Lord Crawford. The Quest of the Golden Fleece, in the hands of poem. It complies with the Horatian canon, "Simplex the author, supplies an excellent subject for an epic duntaxat et unum." The tale gradually accumulates in interest from the account of the gathering of the leaders of the Argonauts to the successful attainment of the Golden Fleece. The whole story, however, is tinged with the supernatural. The ship Argo not only carries a mystic branch, which speaks, on great emergencies, in living oracles, but it is sensitive of every deed of dishonour on the part of its hero mariners, and exchanges its brilliant hues for a sable panoply. The eventual possession of the Golden Fleece is gained by Jason, but only when he is assisted by the magic arts rendered familiar in the Arabian Nights, or in the nursery tales of Jack the Giant-Killer or Beauty and the Beast. The same the disappearance of the Fleece, and in its translation supernatural intervention brings the story to a climax in into a galaxy of stars, Wedding the spheres as by a ring of gold." In the course of his poem Lord Crawford aims some well-deserved shafts of ridicule at the fashionable errors of the present day. The record of the "Lemnian deeds" gives him the opportunity of showing with admirable irony what the conduct of men towards women would be as the result of these claims of superiority, and tells how they "Ceas'd to defer in courtesies where none Book iii. 450. Bibliographical Clue to Latin Literature. By John E. B. Mayor, M.A., Professor of Latin in the University of Cambridge, &c. (Macmillan.) MR. MAYOR has laid all scholars under a deep obligation by the issue of the volume before us, the result, we can indeed imagine, of irksome labours; to these he was impelled by the experiences of his position at Cambridge. The Bibliographical Clue is edited after Dr. E. Hübner, with large additions. IN Songs of the Christian Creed and Life, selected from Eighteen Centuries, and translated by Hamilton M. Macgill, D.D. (Pickering), the compiler claims to set forth the Christian creed and the way of salvation, though in no dogmatic form, and has placed under contribution almost all the churches and almost all the centuries. As to Dr. Macgill's renderings into Latin of some of our best English hymns, opinions will possibly vary as to their merits; some will no doubt prefer them to his English versions. We could wish that each hymn had been headed with its writer's name, to save the trouble of a reference to the index. The St. James's Magazine, for May, contains an article by the Rev. Dr. Hayman, late Head Master of Rugby, which is the most important of the three now contributed to the series entitled "How to Enter the Professions." The present paper refers to Holy Orders, and is of great interest to those concerned in the subject. Poetical readers will be glad to find two hitherto unpublished contributions by Barry Cornwall and Leigh Hunt; the first dramatic, the second light and comic. ARCHEOLOGICAL INSTITUTE.-May 5.-Rev. J. Fuller Russell in the chair.-A memoir by the Hon. W. Owen Stanley was read, detailing excavations at Porth Dafarch in Holyhead Island, where sepulchral remains were discovered above a "hut circle" habitation. Engravings of objects found were shown.-A memoir by Mr. C. W. King upon "Stella's decem puellæ,'" referred to by Martial, was read, and Mr. Franks sent in illustration a gold Roman ring, with the name 1ZATUS in perforated letters between precious stones.-The Hon. Wilbraham Egerton brought four inscribed silver chalices of the year 1600, given to a Presbyterian community at Campheir, in the Isle of Walcheren.-The Mayor of Colchester sent a small ivory carving of a Roman warrior lately found at Colchester. Mr. Fortnum exhibited a portion of Savonarola's white monastic habit. OCR late editor has just printed, with a charitable object, what he calls a May-day number of "N. & Q," in which there is a solution of the Junius mystery far more probable and supported by better evidence than many of those which have found favour with the public. Sheridan, according to the writer, was Junius. It may not be of much historical importance, but the question, Who first tried to set the Thames on fire? is conclusively settled, as is the origin of the phrase "giving anybody the sack." If the impression is not exhausted, we have no doubt Mr. Thoms would on application send a copy to any of his old contributors. WE protest against two words we have just seen in some provincial criticism on a play and an actor. The play is described as well "staged," and the actor is praised for his " rendition" of the principal character! admirers of this great philosopher to know that the ediJOHN LOCKE.-It may be some satisfaction to the many tion of which I am the publisher is the thirty-ninth, clearly proving that so far from any falling off of readers, Locke has still numerous admirers, who are willing to accept the sound teaching of this estimable man. WILLIAM TEGG. "Je suis sculement homme et ne veux pas moins être, Ni tenter davantage." In SOMERSET. There is good authority to show that servant and "lover' were not synonymous. Steele's comedy, The Funeral (Act ii. sc. 1). Campley says to Lady Harriot: "I would not be a vain coxcomb, but I know I am not detestable; nay, know where you have said as much before you understood me for your servant. Was I immediately transformed because I became your lover?" J. D.-The article headed "Court Circular," which appears in the newspapers, is officially communicated to them by an officer specially appointed for that purpose. The Court Circular is a weekly paper principally devoted to the proceedings of the Court and Fashionable World. W. C. J.-We believe that no portion of their work, and for obvious reasons, has as yet been issued to the public by either Committee of Revision. FITZHOPKINS.-For Mother Shipton and her alleged prophecies, see the General Index to each series of ·N. & Q.” (8.v.). EDWARD SOLLY ("Index Eccentricities.")-It was one of Leigh Hunt's jokes many years ago in the Examiner. DOUBLE X.-" Gossipionymus" was the pet name given by Scaliger to Father Cotton. MR. JONATHAN BOUCHIER.-We shall be glad to receive the promised communications. ERMENGARDE (5th S. iv. 495.)-We have a letter for you. X.-The St. James's Chronicle is united with the Press, which is published in the Strand. G. L. G.-We have not received the periodical named. NOTICE. Editorial Communications should be addressed to "The Editor of 'Notes and Queries'"-Advertisements and Business Letters to "The Publisher "-at the Office, 20, Wellington Street, Strand, London, W.C. We beg leave to state that we decline to return communications which, for any reason, we do not print; and to this rule we can make no exception. RAILWAY PASSENGERS' ASSURANCE COMPANY, Paid-up Capital and Reserve Fund, £180,000. Bonus allowed to Insurers of Five Years' standing. PARTRIDGE AND COOPER, CARRIAGE PAID TO THE COUNTRY ON ORDERS NOTE PAPER, Cream or Blue, 88., 48., 58., and 68. per ream. COLOURED STAMPING (Relief), reduced to 4s. 6d. per ream, or 88. 6d. per 1,000. Polished Steel Crest Dies engraved from 58. Monograms, two letters, from 58.; three letters, from 78. Business or Address Dies, from 38. SERMON PAPER, plain, 48. per ream; Ruled ditto, 48. 6d. SCHOOL STATIONERY supplied on the most liberal terms. Illustrated Price List of Inkstands, Despatch Boxes, Stationery, Cabinets, Postage Scales, Writing Cases, Portrait Albuins, &c., post free. (ESTABLISHED 1841.) The Vellum Wove Club-House Paper, Manufactured expressly to meet a universally experienced want, i. e, a paper which shall in itself combine a perfectly smooth surface with total freedom from grease. The New Vellum Wove Club-House Paper will be found to possess these peculiarities completely, being made from the best linen rags only, possessing great tenacity and durability, and presenting a surface equally well adapted for quill or steel pen. The NEW VELLUM WOVE CLUB-HOUSE PAPER surpasses all others for smoothness of surface, delicacy of colour, firmness of texture, entire absence of any colouring matter or injurious chemicals, tending to impair its durability or in any way affecting its writing properties.-A Sample Packet, containing an Assortment of the various Sizes, post free for 24 Stamps. PARTRIDGE & COOPER, Manufacturers and Sole Vendors, Fleet Street, E. C. CHUBE'S PRICE LIST, Illustrated, of SAFES, BAGS, BOXES, &c., all fitted with their Patent Detector Locks, sent post free to any Part of the World.-CHUBB & SON, 57, St. Paul's Churchyard, E.C., and 68, St. James's Street. S.W., London: 23, Lord Street, Liverpool; 68, Cross Street, Manchester; and Wolverhampton. T. CHAPMAN, STATIONER, DIE SINKER, HERALDIC ENGRAVER, 54, LEICESTER SQUARE. MONOGRAM PAPER Always Ready. A SAMPLE BOX, containing 5 Quires (120 Shee's) of Superfine Note Paper and 100 Square Envelopes to match, all stamped with any two Initials designed as a Monogram in the most fashionable colours. Post free, 54 stamps. A STEEL ADDRESS DIE ENGRAVED and 10 Quires (24) Sheets) of unglazed thick Vellum Note Paper, stamped with Address of any length in fashionable colours, all sent free on receipt of Post-office Order for 10s. 6d. The ROYAL IRISH LINEN NOTE PAPER. In all Shades of Colour. T. CHAPMAN 54, Leicester Square, W.C. BY ZUCCATO'S PATENT PAPYROGRAPH. By means of this Invention any one can print, in an ordinary Copying Press, Hundreds of Fac-simile Copies of CIRCULARS, NOTICES, PRICE LISTS, DESIGNS, ETC, Direct from a written sheet of paper. The PAPYROGRAPH is in use in numerous Government Offices, Public Companies, Railways, Banks, Insurance Companies, and about 2,000 Mercantile Firms. The Process may be seen daily in operation. and Price List and Specimens obtained at the Office of ZUCCATO & WOLFF (late Zuccato & Co.), MANUFACTURERS, 81, GREAT QUEEN STREET, London, W.C. LONDON, SATURDAY, MAY 20, 1876. CONTENTS. - N° 125. NOTES:-Swift and Stella, 401-Initial Letters, 402-The Sebastian Cabot-The Use of the Word "Cousin"-Provincial Words: "Candyman," 405-Cromwell's University of Durham-Henry Bell's Steamship. Comet-Secretaries of State-Tennyson's Early Publications-A Flower Miscalled "Fast-Footed "-"Fixed," 406. QUERIES:-Roderigo Lopez "Hortensius," 1789-Henry Hough-Coin-"The Shilling Magazine""The pen is mightier," &c.-St. Edith-Bridgenorth Election, 407 Weddings-Marriage Custom-A Ballad-"O Buck, Buck" "Jesus Bar-Abbas "_"Polycronicon," Caxton, 1482J. Vanderbank "The Case is Altered"-"We hear the bees"-"Living fast "-Old Coins-Bull Fights-Pope Sixtus V., 408-Calderon in English-Dr. S. Johnson-The Execution of Scanlan - Easter Day, 1618-Military Costumes Rev. R. S. Hawker, of Morwenstow, 403-Burial Place of -The Valentine Family, 409. REPLIES:-Pillions: Young Lochinvar, 409-Slang of the Stock Exchange: Bulls and Bears, 411-Lydd Tower and Cardinal Wolsey, 413-Colonel J. Boden-Prophecy of St. Malachi-Sovereign, 414-" Gone to Jericho"-"Orra," 415 -Royal Portraits-Berry's "Essex Pedigrees "-Nancy Dawson-The Etymology of "Humbug"-Bath Abbey-An Old Irish Ballad-Gainsborough-Silk Throwsters' Company, 416 -Ritualism-White Ladies' Road-T. Chapman, D.D. The Webster Coat-The Use of the Pastoral Staff, 417-The Origin and Symbolism of the Cardinal's Red Hat-Boy Bishops -La Zouche Family-" Furmety," 418-John Dawson, of Sedbergh: Adam Sedgwick-Whipping Dogs out of Church -Butterfly-Moth, 419. Notes on Books, &c. Notes. SWIFT AND STELLA. In the above names there is an interest which never flags, because there is a mystery the heart of which has not hitherto been reached. A remarkable article, however, in the May number of Blackwood, goes very nearly, if not quite, to the unlocking of the casket. It is of just such an article that a note should be made in the columns of "N. & Q.," for by its means we come closer to the truth regarding the question of marriage between Swift and Stella than we have hitherto found ourselves. This end is attained by plain and simple means. "It First, let us make a rectification of name. may be worthy of notice," says the writer in Blackwood, "that Stella's name, as it appears on her monument, was Hester. Vanessa's was Esther. See her will.... Mr. Forster transposes the two names." This done, we proceed to a very pertinent remark, on the part of the writer, with reference to the story of the alleged marriage: "We must request the reader to bear constantly in mind the elementary axiom of the laws of evidence, that a story told by A. acquires no additional validity by being repeated by B., C., and D." The writer then brings forward the first witness. This is Lord Orrery. In 1751 (thirty-five years after the date of the alleged marriage, twenty-three years after the death of Stella, and six years after the death of Swift), Lord Orrery states, in his Remarks: "Stella's real name was Johnson. She was the daughter of Sir William Temple's steward, and the concealed, but undoubted, wife of Swift... If my informations are right, she was married to Dr. Swift in 1716 by Dr. Ashe, then Bishop of Clogher." On this the writer in Blackwood says: "He (Lord Orrery) gives no authority for the statement that Stella was the undoubted wife of Swift, and adds the words, if my informations are right.'" The writer also quotes a letter from Lord Orrery, dated 1742, in which my lord refers to Swift as a bachelor, and undergoing discomfort which he would have escaped "had he been married, or, in other words, had Stella lived." 66 We next come to the year 1754, when Dr. Delany, in his Observations, accepted Lord Orrery's story, adding to it that Swift earnestly desired that the marriage should be made public, but that Stella refused on the ground that it was too late" (a more absurd reason could not be alleged), and that they had better live on as they had hitherto done; that is to say, as very dear friends, having homes apart, and never meeting but on terms of a dignified and refined friendship. In the same year Dr. Hawksworth adopted Lord Orrery's story in the Life of Swift appended to an edition of his works. In 1755 appeared Mr. Deane Swift's Essay on the Life, &c. of Dr. Jonathan Swift, in which the author affirms that though Swift and Stella lived (she inseparable from Mrs. Dingley) as above described, yet "that she was married to Dr. Swift, in or about the year 1716, I am thoroughly persuaded.” An addition was made to the story, about 1780, by Dr. Johnson, in the Life of Swift in the edition of British Poets. "Soon after (1716), in his forty-ninth year, he was privately married to Mrs. Johnson by Dr. Ashe, Bishop of Clogher, as Dr. Madden told me, in the garden." Why no certificate or record of such marriage never turned up requires no explanation. Dr. Madden was well known for his eccentricity and his fervid imagination. In 1784, Thomas Sheridan, in his Life of Swift, reversed the story told thirty years previously by Dr. Delany, and asserted that Stella pressed the celebration of marriage, and that Swift assented only on condition that in all things their way of life should be as before-that of neighbours and friends. We now quote from Blackwood :— "But at a later page, when speaking of the circumstances attending the death of Stella, the same writer makes a statement which bears, at first sight, the appearance of being trustworthy evidence, and which therefore deserves careful examination. "The following is the passage: "A short time before her death a scene passed between the Dean and her, an account of which I had from my father, and which I shall relate with reluctance, as it seems to bear more hard upon Swift's humanity than any other part of his conduct in life. As she found her final dissolution approach, a few days before it happened, in the presence of Dr. Sheridan, she addressed Swift in the most earnest and pathetic terms to grant her dying request: That as the ceremony of marriage had passed between them, though for sundry considerations they had not cohabited in that state, in order to put it out of the power of slander to be busy with her fame after death, she adjured him by their friendship to let her have the satisfaction of dying at least, though she had not lived, his acknowledged wife. "Swift made no reply, but, turning on his heel, walked silently out of the room, nor ever saw her afterwards during the few days she lived.' "A tale so strange, so utterly inconsistent with all that is known with regard to the conduct of Swift towards Stella during the whole of her life, would require little consideration, were it not that it is said to have been derived from information given by Dr. Sheridan to his son. The occurrence is supposed to have happened in the month of January, 1728, when the narrator was seven years old. At the death of Dr. Sheridan in 1738, Thomas Sheridan was a boy of seventeen years of age. He tells the story fifty-six years after the event, and forty-six years after the death of his informant. This alone is sufficient to warrant us in exercising extreme caution before giving our assent to so improbable a tale. Is it likely that Dr. Sheridan would have confided such a secret-so deeply affecting the character and reputation of his dearest friend, who was then alive, for Swift survived until 1745, and in 1738 was still in possession of his faculties to a boy? Had he been guilty of such an indiscretion, would that boy have been the only person admitted to his confidence? Would the story have remained untold for half a century? On the contrary, would it not have been the current talk of all the thousand tongues that were busy with the reputation of Swift?" The apparent difficulty being thus overcome, another version is produced by Sir Walter Scott, who had it from Mr. Theophilus Swift, who received it from Mrs. Whiteway, the Dean's cousin and Theophilus's grandmother, who was with Stella when she was dying. The Dean, sitting by her, held her hand, and addressed her in the most affectionate manner. They conversed together in a low tone of voice, too low for Mrs. Whiteway, who paid no attention, to hear; but at length she heard the Dean say, Well, my dear, if you wish it, it shall be owned." To which Stella answered, with a sigh, "It is too late." Mrs. Whiteway stated the word "marriage" was never mentioned. How was it too late, if Stella wished it (whatever that "it" may have been) to be made public? แ In 1789, Mr. Monk Berkeley, in his Literary Relics, relates, on the authority of Mrs. Hearn, the niece of Stella, the family tradition, that Stella did not wish (as Swift did) that the marriage should be declared, and that their finances were not equal to the style in which the Dean would have liked to live in the married state. This question of finances was supposed to account for the secrecy! But Mr. M. Berkeley adds:-"In 1716 they were married by the Bishop of Clogher, who himself related the circumstance to Bishop Berkeley, by whose relict the story was communicated to me." To which startling bit of evidence the acute writer in Blackwood replies "that Bishop Berkeley was absent from Ireland, having been abroad the whole of the time between the supposed marriage and the death of the Bishop of Clogher, who could not by any possibility have related the circumstance to him." The able writer, having narrated the evidence in proof of the marriage, thus overthrows it in a single paragraph :: "In 1819, Mr. Monk Mason published the first volume of a work entitled Hibernia Antiqua et Hodierna, containing an account of the Cathedral of St. Patrick, in which is comprised a very valuable and careful life of Swift. He cites (p. 304) the authority of Dr. John Lyon, the intimate friend of Swift, who was entrusted with the chief care of him during his last illness,' who treats the account of the marriage as a hearsay story very ill founded.' Mr. Dingley, who was never separated from Stella for a single day from the time of their arrival in Dublin until the death of the latter,-who could not, by possibility, have been ignorant of the marriage had it taken place,-laughed at it as an idle tale founded only on suspicion.' Neither Mrs. Brent, who was the Dean's housekeeper from the time he arrived in Ireland, nor her daughter, Mrs. Ridgeway, who succeeded her, ever believed the story. Had it been the fact, it is impossible that these parties-especially Mrs. Dingleycould have been ignorant of it. But the strongest evidence is that of Swift and Stella themselves. Had he been married to her, and had Sheridan, as asserted, been cognisant of that marriage, it is morally impossible that Swift could have addressed to him the letters which he wrote during the illness of Stella in August and September, 1727. The prayers which he composed and read at her bedside would have been a monstrous and unnatural combination of profanity and hypocrisy. The verses they addressed to each other on their successive birthdays would have been mutual insults, and the beautiful and tender address, on her visiting him in sickness in October, 1727 (which only preceded her death by two months), a bitter mockery." We have here given a bare outline of an article which will surely command a general attention. It treats a much vexed question by rule of evidence, and, by such treatment, enables us to have a clearer view of the case than hitherto, if not to arrive at a verdict which cannot be gainsaid. But for much further interesting information we must refer our readers to the article itself. It is worthy of being bound up with Mr. Paget's Paradoxes and Puzzles. ED. INITIAL LETTERS. In looking over early printed books, we frequently come upon remarkable examples of the misapplication of these by our old printers, sometimes furnishing a humorous heading to a serious subject, and sometimes the reverse-displaying occasionally a greater want of decorum, and I may add, exceptionally, I hope, a desecration in the use of these ornamentations. Under this last, here is an instance which has just turned up in collating a small 4to. black-letter |