CONTENTS.

LECTURE I.

MORAL SCIENCE AND ASTRONOMY.- REASONS FOR THE SLOWER PROGRESS OF

THE FORMER.-PROGRESS MUST BE SLOW.-TWO CLASSES OF SCIENCES.

-USE OF STUDYING THE SCIENCE,

17

THREE QUESTIONS.—THE CONSIDERATION OF ENDS.-AN END ATTAINED

IN THREE WAYS.—ENDS SUBORDINATÉ, ultimate, and SUPREME. — AN

END INVOLVES A GOOD. THE NATURE OF GOOD AS FROM ACTIVITY.—

THE GREATEST GOOD,

39

LECTURE III.

-

KINDS OF GOOD.-SUSCEPTIBILITIES AND POWERS. GOOD AS HIGHER

AND LOWER. FORCES AND FACULTIES-THEIR SUBORDINATION. THE

LAW OF LIMITATION.-METHODS OF ADDITION AND OF DEVELOPMENT-

NATURAL AND CHRISTIAN LAW OF SELF-DENIAL,.

59

LECTURE IV.

RELATION OF INTELLECTUAL AND MORAL PHILOSOPHY. SPONTANEOUS

AND VOLUNTARY ACTIVITY. FACULTIES INSTRUMENTAL AND ULTI-

MATE. INSTINCT.—THE APPETITES. - NATURAL-ARTIFICIAL. - THE

CLASSIFICATION OF THEM. DESIRE OF CONTINUED EXIST-

DESIRES.

ENCE,.

-

LECTURE V.

.79

DESIRE OF PROPERTY.-AVARICE. DESIRE OF KNOWLEDGE. DESIRE OF

POWER.INFLUENCE. - EMULATION. -DESIRE OF ESTEEM. - - DESIRE OF

GLORY,

LECTURE VI.

THE AFFECTIONS.-NATURAL AND

. 102

MORAL.BENEVOLENT. DEFENSIVE

AND PUNITIVE. — ORIGIN OF MALEVOLENT AFFECTIONS. FORGIVENESS.

-HOW SUBJECT TO WILL. THE INTELLECT.- LOVE OF TRUTH,

129

LECTURE VII.

THE MORAL NATURE. REASON.-IDEAS OF DIFFERENT ORDERS. HAVE

AN ORDER OF DEVELOPMENT. FREE-WILL. - PERSONALITY.ACTION

TO WHICH RESPONSIBILITY ATTACHES. ALL MORAL PHENOMENA IN

CONNECTION WITH THE CHOICE OF A SUPREME END.-CONSCIENCE. —

THE MORAL NATURE DOUBLE. THE HIGHEST GOOD.-COINCIDENCE OF

157

NATURAL AND REVEALED LAW,

LECTURE VIII.

RELATION OF VIRTUE TO HAPPINESS. QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF GOOD

-MORAL AND NATURAL GOOD. REGARD FOR OUR OWN GOOD.— CON-

NECTION WITH BENEVOLENCE. - ENJOYMENT FROM APPROBATION.-

THE TRUE END OF MAN.-CONNECTION BETWEEN MORAL AND NATURAL

GOOD,

. 181

LECTURE IX.

THE SPHERE OF MORAL SCIENCE.-RIGHT AND WRONG.-DEFINITION OF

TERMS. PROVINCE OF CONSCIENCE. HOW FAR INFALLIBLE. TWO

SPHERES. DIVERSITY OF MORAL JUDGMENTS. CRISES OF LIFE.-RE-

LATION OF CONSCIENCE TO OTHER PRINCIPLES OF ACTION. COMPLEX-

MUST A VIRTUOUS ACT BE FROM A SENSE OF

ITY OF MOTIVES.

DUTY?

-

205

LECTURE X.

RECTITUDE AND VIRTUE.

-

RELATIONS.

-

EXPEDIENCY, PRUDENCE, AND

VIRTUE.-ORIGIN OF MORAL DISTINCTIONS AS RELATED TO THE DIVINE

NATURE.COINCIDENCE OF INSTINCT AND REASON OF FAITH AND

REASON OF PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION,

.228

LECTURE XI.

RIGHTS. - THEIR ORIGIN AND KINDS.- ALIENABLE -INALIENABLE.

SLAVERY.-RIGHTS OF PERSONS AND OF THINGS. GIVING AND RE-

CEIVING.-RIGHTS OF GOVERNMENT.-LIBERTY AS RELATED TO RIGHTS.

- DIFFERENT KINDS OF LIBERTY — NATURAL, CIVIL, POLITICAL,

253

LECTURE XII.

A FUTURE LIFE. ITS RELATION TO MORALITY. THE PHYSICAL ARGU-

MENT. MORAL ARGUMENTS,

277

SUMMARY,

296

LECTURES ON MORAL SCIENCE.

LECTURE I.

MORAL SCIENCE AND ASTRONOMY.- REASONS FOR THE SLOWER PROGRESS OF THE FORMER.-PROGRESS MUST BE SLOW. TWO CLASSES OF SCIENCES. -USE OF STUDYING THE SCIENCE.

AMONG the sciences which earliest drew the attention

of man were those of Astronomy and Morals. Of these, one respects the sources of that light which is from without, the other of that which is within. Of the one, the objects and phenomena are not only without us, but are separated from us by inconceivable distances; of the other, the phenomena are not only within us, but belong to that part of our nature which is special to us, and whose circle lies nearest to its central point.

Connected with each are practical judgments common to all. Both the heavens and the moral nature of man yielded him guidance before there was a thought of the science of either. The unscientific man rejoices in the light that comes from Arcturus no less than if he could analyze its beams, and is guided by the polar star no less surely than if he could measure its magnitude and distance. The day and the night, the changing moons and