ing Christianity, would be guilty of arousing the strong passions of resentment. Such is not the Christian principle. A Christian spirit does not dictate such, and those who would countenance it are not filled with that Spirit which, on the Cross, and with the last breath of pain and anguish, could say, "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do." S. There is no charity in keeping a man who will not keep himself. II. CHRONICLES OF UTAH. | the southern half by Bishop John S. Higbee. Marshal, John Van Cott; Jonn Nebeker, Assistant Marshal. Every precaution was taken to guard against the attacks of Indians; strong gates were erected, on passing through which the public square was entered. Of the privations the settlers passed through up to the time of the first harvest, no one can form a correct idea. Roots had to be dug from the ground for food, raw hides were torn down from THE appearance of Salt Lake City is so different to that of 1848-9, that strangers are frequently led to false conclusions respecting it. One of the sisters who came here in 1847 was quite indignant when a person addressed her in the following style: "You Mormons were no fools to choose such a beautiful spot as this, water courses running down every street, and fine trees growing in every garden!" This was too much for the aged lady, and it called forth the follow-roofs, cut into shreds and cooked. Very ing reply: "You should have come here when I did, when there was nothing but sagebrush growing here, and as to the water, it came down from the mountains where it had cut its own way; there was one creek running down to Brother Hyde's (the late President Orson Hyde), another went right above the Temple Block; this we used for growing wheat in 1848. Trees, indeed! Brother George A. (the late President George A. Smith) said, 'Now then, you brethren and sisters who want to attend Conference, come along, and we'll hold our meeting under a haystack; and you that want to be seated among the congregation, mind and bring your own chairs.'" We have seen how rapidly things progressed. By the end of 1848, building was carried on with great spirit. From the Fort, since called the "Old Fort," as other similar forts were subsequently erected; from thence agricultural and building operations were carried on with safety; six thousand acres of land were enclosed, a large tract of pasture land protected, irrigating ditches were veyed and dug. The Fort was in the form of a square, the northern half presided over by Bishop Carleton Lewis, sur little game was found near the city; some fish were obtained. This was a time when much kindness was frequently manifested by those who happened to possess more grain than their neighbors. And if any feelings had arisen among the brethren, by reason of their straitened circumstances, all was buried in | oblivion after the harvest. To aid in bringing this about, the wisdom of the leaders of the people was eminently successful. They knew every one of the community, knew their circumstances, the causes that had given rise to misunderstandings. "Why do you love your leaders so much as to forget yourselves, and render obedience to them so readily?" said a stranger to one of the first settlers. "Love them?" was the reply; "why, because they loved us. They didn't want to die for us, although some of them did that; they were ready to live for us, all the time trying to do us good." With such feelings as these animating the bosom of a people, no wonder they progressed! At the end of 1848, the Council House was commenced, buildings for public offices were erected, and early in 1849 a settlement was made about fifty miles CHRONICLES OF UTAH. ernment had been substituted for it. 177 Among the various organizations effected during this important year, was the militia, styled the Nauvoo Legion, which elected the following officers: Major General, Daniel H. Wells; Brigadier General (cavalry), J. M. Grant; Brigadier General (infantry), Horace S. Eldredge; Assistant Adjutant General (staff), James Ferguson; Aide-de-Camp (staff), Hyrum B. Clawson; Colonel (cavalry), John S. Fullmer; Major (life guards), George D. Grant; Captain (topographical engineer), John Brown; Captain (cavalry), Samuel Thompson. The Nauvoo Legion was commanded by Maor General Daniel H. Wells. south of the city, near the mouth of the | Congress, the memorial for a State govTimpanogas, or Proveaux River. Early in March a convention was called "of all the citizens of that part of Upper California lying east of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, to take into consideration the propriety of organizing a territorial or state government." On the fifth of March the convention met, and on the eighth a memorial was sent to Congress for a state government to be "ordained and established a free and independent government by the name of the State of Deseret." On the ninth and tenth an election was held "under the Provisional Government of the State of Deseret." Brigham Young was elected Governor; Willard Richards, Secretary of State; Newel K. Whitney, Treasurer; Heber C. Kimball, Chief Justice; John Taylor and Newel K. Whitney, Associate Justices; Daniel H. Wells, Attorney General; Horace S. Eldredge, Marshal; Albert Carrington, Assessor and Collector of taxes; Joseph L. Heywood, Surveyor of highways, etc. All the officers took the required oath, to support the Constitution, which form of government was to remain in force "until the Congress of the United States should otherwise provide." At the time Utah was first settled by the Pioneers, this country belonged to Mexico, but by the treaty of Gaudalupe Hidalgo, in 1848, it was ceded to the United States. On the second of July, 1849, the Legislature, created by the Organic Act, met, elected a delegate to Congress and adopted a memorial to that body, in which, among other things, they state that the inhabitants of the State of Deseret, in view of their own security and for the protection of the constitutional right of the United States, to hold jurisdiction, there have organized a provisional government, under which the civil policy of the nation is duly maintained. They also asked admission into the Union on equal footing with other States, or such other form of civil government as Congress in its wisdom and magnanimity might award, etc. For, although a constitution and petition for a Territorial organization had been previonsly sent to 6 August 28, Captain Howard Stansbury, U. S. army, reached Salt Lake City and called on President Brigham Young. On the twelfth of September that gentleman left for Fort Hall. November 7th, Captain Stansbury again reached Salt Lake City. He had passed along the western shores of the Great Salt Lake since he had left Fort Hall, to make a survey of the shores of the lake, in which he was assisted by Hon. Albert Carrington. The temperature of the Warm Springs, as taken by Captain Stansbury during the winter of 1849, was 120° F. The square appropriated to the public buildings (the Temple Block), had an immense shed erected upon posts, which was capable of containing three thousand persons. It was called the "bowery," and was used as a temporary place of worship. On the sixth of October, of this year, the Perpetual Emigration Company was organized; Utah, Tooele and Sanpete Counties were settled. Before the year closed the Deseret Dramatic Association was formed, with Robert Campbell as president. Theatrical entertainments were projected, Hamlet and other classic pieces were to be put upon the boards in the bowery. Among the names of performers are seen those of D. Candland, C. Bassett, Joseph E. Johnson, J. D. T. McAllister, William D. Johnson, Mrs. R. Hayward (nee Spence). William Pitt, Robert Russell and Hopkins Pender, or chestra. The greatest cold recorded during the year was on the fifth of February, when the mercury fell to 33° below zero. On the twenty-seventh of May, parties entered the city from the eastern States on their way to the gold fields of California. One of the emigrants, writing from this city to the New York Tribune, July 8, 1849, describes the new settlement: "We at length found ourselves in a broad, fenced street, extending westward in a straight line for several miles. Houses of wood or sundried brick, were thickly clustered in the vale before us, some thousands in number. Fields of yellow wheat stood waiting for the harvest, and Indian corn, potatoes, oats, flax, and all kinds of garden vegetables were growing in profusion. * 雅 I this day attended worship with them in the open air. * * They had a choir of both sexes, who performed extremely well, accompanied by a band, who played well * on almost every musical instrument of modern invention. Peals of the most sweet, sacred and solemn music filled the air, after which a solemn prayer was offered up." We learn that the late Brother Jedidiah Grant offered the prayer, and that the late President Brigham Young addressed the congregation. This was the condition of things Sunday July 8, 1849. No hotel, sign-post, cake and beer shop, barber pole, market house, grocery, provision, dry goods or hardware store distinguished one part of the town from another; not even a bakery or medicine sign was anywhere discernible. For the meteorological information of Utah at this time we are indebted to the late W. W. Phelps, who, on the twentyfourth of August, 1849, ascended to the top of Mount Nebo, and made observations respecting Utah for the Smithsonian Institution at Washington, D. C. Beta. TRANSLATIONS. Nec verbum verbo curabis reddere fidus Inter- | embellish, they are so amplified and pres.-Horace. Nor word for word translate with painful care. It was a celebrated egotism of James Macpherson, that "a translator who cannot equal his original, is incapable of expressing its beauties." However much vanity may object to such a confession, it is nevertheless true, to a certain extent, as many a weak paraphraser has felt. But on the other hand, it has sometimes happened that men of acknowledged genius have signally failed. in translating the thoughts of authors, much their inferiors in literay ability. It has also occurred that translators have absorbed and destroyed the individuality of their primitives, as was the case of Macpherson and of Moore, both of whom so enlarged and beautified their originals, that the latter were only to be seen by a close examination. Like some plain, un-adorned buildings, which the tastes of the owners have induced to enlarge and decorated with modern elegances, that the first plan or conception is almost lost. Many distinguished writers have exercised their abilities on the bagatelle of Adrian, entitled An Address to his Soul; with how much success may be seen, when it is known that there is not a translation of it in our language which is not either false or puerile. The verses contain a very fine sentiment, and are written with great tenderness and simplicity. If any of our young friends are ambitious enough to try their skill on them, they may do so. If they fail they have good company to keep them in countenance. The lines are subjoined with Lord Byron's rendition. ADRIAN'S ADDRESS TO HIS SOUL. Animula vagula, blandula, THE BRIGHAM YOUNG ACADEMY. Ah! gentle, fleeting, wav'ring sprite, To what unknown region borne But pallid, cheerless and forlorn. Horace has a noble thought in an ode of the third book, which has been translated by many; but as far as we have seen, by none with any degree of ability. The classical Addison produced a version of it, which has no other claim to respect, than that it was written by the author of Cato. Byron attempted it in the "Hours of Idleness," with like success, and Goldsmith cites a translation of the same, which he characterizes as "drawling, feeble, and swoln with pleonasm." Perhaps a copy of the original, with an Utonian rendition may be not uninteresting. It is claimed that the sense is given here, though the Mantuan bard undoubtely loses in force and beauty of expression. CARMEN III. Justum ac tenacem proposite virum Not Hadria's storms his mind can shake, 179 of the thirteenth Epode as a specimen of the Horatian philosophy. He adopted the maxim of Epicurus, that pleasure constitutes the highest happiness, and must consequently be the end of all human exertions. It may be mentioned that when the annexed was "done" into English, we were unacquainted with that dictum of Macpherson's, which was mentioned at the beginning of this paper. CARMEN XIII. A horrid tempest blots the sky, And while our limbs with ease are bent, Bring thou the wine, which then was press'd, Верро. THE BRIGHAM YOUNG ACADEMY. THE deed of trust from President Brig- | school purposes, since April, 1870, an ham Young, of the premises of the in- organization having been effected by the stitution now bearing his name, is dated Board of Regents of the University of Oct. 16, 1875. That day, therefore, may| Deseret, as a branch of that institution, be regarded as the birthday of the Brig- and known as the "Timpanogos Branch ham Young Academy. The same build- of the Deseret University.” ing, however, had been employed for On the day, however, from which our history strictly dates, President Brigham | August, 1876. Thus was the B. Y. Young transferred the building and Academy founded, and thus did it comgrounds, covering an area of one hundred and eighty seven square rods to the following named trustees;-Hons. A. O. Smoot, William Bringhurst, Leonard E. Harrington, Wilson H. Dusenberry, Mrs. Martha J. Coray, Myron Tanner Esq., and Harvey H. Cluff Esq. The conditions expressed by the donor were that from the commencement, the Academy should be regarded as a Latterday Saints institution, and that all regulations should be in accordance with the principles of the Church. To convey an adequate idea of President Young's intention we quote from the deed of trust: "The beneficiaries of this Academy shall be members in good standing in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-❘ day Saints, or shall be the children of such members, and each of the boys who shall take a full course, if his physical ability will permit, shall be taught some branch of mechanism that shall be suitable to his taste and capacity; and all pupils shall be instructed in reading, penmanship, orthography, grammar, geography and mathematics, together with such branches as are usually taught in an Academy of learning, and the Old and New Testaments, the Book of Mormon and the Book of Doctrine and Covenants shall be read and their doctrines inculcated in the Academy." The first meeting of the board took place Nov. 22, 1875, at which Hon. A. O. Smoot was elected President, Hon. Wilson H. Dusenberry Secretary, and Harvey H. Cluff Esq. Treasurer. In pursuance to a resolution adopted at this meeting to proceed at once to carry out the provisions of the deed, the first term's session opened January, 1876, with Prof. Warren N. Dusenberry as Principal. At the close of this term Prof. Karl G. Maeser was employed as Principal, and duly commenced his first terms' session April 24, 1876, with a total attendance of sixty-three pupils. These two terms are regarded as preparatory to the regular work, and the academic time is reckoned from the first academic year dating mence. From that time it has been ever growing, until we find the attendance such to-day that students have to be refused admittance for lack of room, and all connected herewith will consider this demonstration as a sign, associated with many others, that the blessings of God have been and are with the Brigham Young Academy. With the first academic year Prof. M. H. Hardy was engaged as assistant teacher, and took the position of head teacher of Intermediate Department, the Academic and Normal Departments, being under the special charge of the Principal. The provisions specified have been carried on from the first, wherever practicable. The Bible and Church Works have been included among the text books on every annual circular. This short sketch, then, will serve as an explanation of the position of this institution. Its colors are flying before all as an institution of the Latter-day Saints, and any not of the Church who choose to attend know that the whole organization is of the Latter-day Saints' nature. Still, the number of outsiders in attendance increases every year, clearly showing the respect with which the professions of the Academy are received. Our next article will be devoted to sketching the plan of internal organization upon which the institution, is working. Fas. E. Talmage. Whatever principles of intelligence we attain unto in this life it will rise with us in the resurrection.-Joseph Smith. We live in an age of over mental culture. We neglect too much simple, healthful outer life, in which there is so much positive joy. In turning to the world without, in studying ourselves as men, we almost forget to look up to heaven and warm to the smile of God. We are frequently told that we must become as children to enter into the kingdom of heaven; methinks we should also become as children to know what delight there is in our heritage of earth.-Bulwer. |