General System Theory: Foundations, Development, ApplicationsG. Braziller, 1973 - 295 pagina's |
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Pagina 39
Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy. L Closed and Open Systems : Limitations of Conventional Physics My first example is that of closed and open systems . Conven- tional physics deals only with closed systems ...
Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy. L Closed and Open Systems : Limitations of Conventional Physics My first example is that of closed and open systems . Conven- tional physics deals only with closed systems ...
Pagina 122
... systems are hardly taken into consideration in physical chemistry . This restriction of kinetics to closed systems is understandable ; for open systems are more difficult to establish technically , and not of major importance in the ...
... systems are hardly taken into consideration in physical chemistry . This restriction of kinetics to closed systems is understandable ; for open systems are more difficult to establish technically , and not of major importance in the ...
Pagina 159
... systems have remarkable features of which I will mention only a few . One fundamental difference is that closed systems must eventually attain a time - independent state of chemical and thermodynamic equilibrium ; in contrast , open systems ...
... systems have remarkable features of which I will mention only a few . One fundamental difference is that closed systems must eventually attain a time - independent state of chemical and thermodynamic equilibrium ; in contrast , open systems ...
Inhoudsopgave
Introduction | 3 |
The Meaning of General System Theory | 30 |
Information and Entropy | 41 |
Copyright | |
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General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy Fragmentweergave - 1971 |
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allometric animal appears applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biological catabolism causality cell characteristics chemical classical classical physics closed systems complex components concept consideration considered constant contrast cultural cybernetics decision theory defined differential equations dynamic dynamical system theory editor elements energy entities entropy equifinality equilibrium essentially evolution example experience expressed fact feedback fields formulation functions game theory growth curves homeostasis important increase individual information theory interaction isomorphic kinetics language laws living organism living systems Lotka Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine means mechanisms mechanistic mental metabolic rate modern nature open systems organismic phenomena philosophy physics physiological present principle problems processes Psychiatry psychology psychophysical quantitative reaction reality regulations relations robot Schizophrenia scientific sense similar so-called social sciences sociology specific steady structure symbolic teleology theoretical theory of open thermodynamics tion universe variables vitalistic weight whole world picture York