General System Theory: Foundations, Development, ApplicationsG. Braziller, 1973 - 295 pagina's |
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Pagina 25
... defined ) called civilizations obeying principles general to systems , implies a reorientation in the fields concerned . As can be seen from the above survey , there are , within the " systems approach , " mechanistic and organismic ...
... defined ) called civilizations obeying principles general to systems , implies a reorientation in the fields concerned . As can be seen from the above survey , there are , within the " systems approach , " mechanistic and organismic ...
Pagina 96
... defines uniquely the next state it will go to . " If the variables are continuous , this definition corresponds to the ... defined by specifying the machine's states S and its conditions I. If S is a product set S = πT1 , with i as the ...
... defines uniquely the next state it will go to . " If the variables are continuous , this definition corresponds to the ... defined by specifying the machine's states S and its conditions I. If S is a product set S = πT1 , with i as the ...
Pagina 125
... define the steady state . A closed system must , according to the second principle , eventually attain a time - independent state of equilibrium , defined by maximum entropy and minimum free energy ( heat equilib- rium , thermodynamic ...
... define the steady state . A closed system must , according to the second principle , eventually attain a time - independent state of equilibrium , defined by maximum entropy and minimum free energy ( heat equilib- rium , thermodynamic ...
Inhoudsopgave
Introduction | 3 |
The Meaning of General System Theory | 30 |
Information and Entropy | 41 |
Copyright | |
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General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy Fragmentweergave - 1971 |
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allometric animal appears applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biological catabolism causality cell characteristics chemical classical classical physics closed systems complex components concept consideration considered constant contrast cultural cybernetics decision theory defined differential equations dynamic dynamical system theory editor elements energy entities entropy equifinality equilibrium essentially evolution example experience expressed fact feedback fields formulation functions game theory growth curves homeostasis important increase individual information theory interaction isomorphic kinetics language laws living organism living systems Lotka Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine means mechanisms mechanistic mental metabolic rate modern nature open systems organismic phenomena philosophy physics physiological present principle problems processes Psychiatry psychology psychophysical quantitative reaction reality regulations relations robot Schizophrenia scientific sense similar so-called social sciences sociology specific steady structure symbolic teleology theoretical theory of open thermodynamics tion universe variables vitalistic weight whole world picture York