General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications

according action activity animal appears applied approach aspects basic become behavior Bertalanffy biological body called cell certain characteristics chemical classical closed complex concept concerned consequence consideration considered constant contrast cultural defined definition depends determined differential discussed dynamic elements energy entities equations equilibrium essentially evolution example existence experience expressed fact factors fields final follow formulation functions growth human important increase independent individual interaction language laws lead limited living machine mathematical matter means mechanisms mental metabolism nature open systems organism phenomena physics possible present principle problems processes progressive psychology question reaction reality reason recent regulations relations represent respect scientific sense similar simple social society solutions space specific steady structure symbolic system theory theoretical thermodynamics thinking tion true universe various weight whole