Fourth third. Time, 2 mins. 423 secs. The favourite, Mr. L. Winans's Sir Martin, an American horse, fell. The King's victory was received by the crowd with great enthusiasm.

27. The Rev. L. Hedley Burrows, Vicar of Croydon, appointed Bishop Suffragan of Lewes.

Mr. Lazarus Fletcher appointed Director of the Natural History Museum, South Kensington, in succession to Professor E. Ray Lankester, retired.

The House of Commons adjourned for Whitsuntide. (See English History, Chapter III.)

Defeat of the Australian Federal Ministry. Colonial History, Chapter IX.)

(See Foreign and

The Seventh International Congress of Applied Chemistry was formally opened in the Albert Hall with a speech by the Prince of Wales. Twenty-six countries were represented, the absentees being Bulgaria, Turkey, and some South American States. A dinner at the Crystal Palace (May 28) was attended by 2,000 guests, and services (May 30) were held at the St. Paul's and Westminster R.C. Cathedral. 28. Text of the Finance Bill published. (See English History, Chapter III.)

At Epsom, the Oaks was won by Mr. W. C. Cooper's Pierola ; the King's Princesse de Galles was second, and Mr. Joel's Verne third. Time, 2 mins. 39 secs.

29. At Birmingham, the first test match between England and the Australian Cricket Team was won by England by ten wickets.

30. At Stornoway a small boat which was taking off ten fishermen and others at 1 A.M. to vessels in the harbour was sunk while turning back; six men were drowned.

31. The airship Zeppelin II., which had made its first ascent on May 26, and had travelled for 37 hrs. 40 mins. since Saturday evening from Friedrichshafen by Ulm, Nuremberg, Bayreuth, Plauen, Gera, Leipzig, Bitterfeld, Halle and Würzburg, descended near Göppingen soon after midday for more petrol, and was seriously damaged by striking a tree. The airship had been expected to reach Berlin.

JUNE.

1. The four-hundredth anniversary of the foundation of Brasenose College, Oxford, was celebrated. The Bishop of Lincoln, Visitor of the College, laid the foundation-stone of new buildings, and an honorary degree was conferred on the Principal.

2. The Majority Report of the Royal Commission on Shipping Rings upheld the system of deferred rebates, and advised the recognition and registration of associations of merchants and shipowners whose "collective bargaining" would check the abuses incident to the shipping "conference system." The minority dissented from the views of the majority as to the advantages of deferred rebates, and advised

B

a trial of conciliation and limited supervision by the Board of Trade. One Commissioner advised legislation.

2. A Tuberculosis Exhibition, with the aim of combating the disease, was opened at the Whitechapel Art Gallery by the President of the Local Government Board.

An earthquake in Upper Padang, Sumatra; over 200 persons were killed.

3. The House of Commons reassembled after the Whitsun recess.

It was announced that Holbein's "Duchess of Milan," owned by the Duke of Norfolk, and for many years exhibited in the National Gallery, had been saved for the nation by voluntary effort. One contributor, a lady, had subscribed 40,000l.; the Treasury 10,000l.; the balance of the total price of 72,000l. was being made up by subscription.

4. On the Willebroek Canal, between Brussels and Vilvorde, the breakage of a conduit connecting the canal with the River Senne flooded the surrounding country and caused serious damage.

At the Lincoln Assizes, Sir George Doughty, M.P., was awarded 6001. damages against the Grimsby News for libellous attacks on his political action.

The fiftieth anniversary of the Austrian defeat at Magenta was celebrated at that place. Representatives of France were present.

5. The Imperial Press Conference was inaugurated by a banquet at the International Exhibition at Shepherd's Bush. Lord Rosebery delivered a striking speech. (See English History, Chapter IV.)

The International Horse Show was opened with unusual éclat at Olympia.

At Jesus College, Oxford, a memorial tablet to J. R. Green, the historian, was unveiled by his widow.

6. A Missionary Exhibition promoted by the Church Missionary Society was opened at the Agricultural Hall, Islington. It closed on July 6; the number of visitors was 230,000.

7. It was officially announced that the Tzar would visit the French President at Cherbourg on July 31, and King Edward VII. at Cowes on August 2.

An international fencing contest in Paris between six English and six French amateurs was won by France by 22 points to 17.

8. Announcement that the Earl of Portsmouth had been appointed an Ecclesiastical Commissioner, vice Lord Egerton of Tatton deceased. At Sherborne School Mr. Nowell C. Smith, assistant master at Winchester and sometime Fellow and Tutor of New College, Oxford, was elected Head Master, vice the Rev C. H. T. Wood, deceased.

8-12. Visit of Prince and Princess of Wales to Devonshire and Cornwall.

9. The Cunard steamer Slavonia from New York to the Mediterranean, was stranded and lost at Flores in the Azores. No loss of life.

9. At the Central Criminal Court, Harry Boulter, convicted on Feb. 7, 1908, of blasphemy and bound over to come up for sentence when called on, was sentenced to one month's imprisonment for repeating the offence. (He was again imprisoned for a fresh offence on October 15 for a month in default of paying a fine.)

10. The Church Pageant first presented in Fulham Palace grounds. The final performance took place on June 26. Despite unfavourable weather throughout, the pageant was brilliantly successful as a spectacle, and the total number of visitors was 178,000.

In the Parliamentary bye-election for East Limerick, due to the death of Mr. W. Lundon (Nationalist), Mr. T. Lundon, son of the deceased member, was returned by 2,664 against 1,686 given to Mr. J. Moloney (Ind. Nationalist).

Second Reading of the Finance Bill. (See English History, Chapter V.)

11. At Christie's Turner's water-colour " Windermere" was sold for 1,900 guineas and other Turner water-colours for prices ranging from 1,700 to 510 guineas.

--

First ballots at general election in Holland. Ultimately the three allied parties of the Right increased their numbers from 49 to 60 in a chamber of 100. (See Foreign History, Chapter IV.)

Severe shocks of earthquake were felt along the French coast of the Mediterranean, especially at Marseilles and Toulon, and most of all in the Bouches du Rhone, especially between Aix and the Durance, the village of St. Cannat was destroyed, and Lamberc, Rogues, and other places suffered severely. In all fifty-five persons were killed. Shocks were also felt on the 12th in Spain and for several days in Portugal.

12. Naval Review at Spithead. (See English History, Chapter IV.) Off Sebastopol, during naval manœuvres, the Russian submarine Kambala was rammed by the battleship Panteleimon and sank; twenty lives lost.

The referendum taken in Natal on the question of union with the other South African States showed 11,121 votes for union and 3,701 against.

13. Hospital Sunday; total amount realised, 72,6501.

14. Lieut. Shackleton, the Antarctic explorer, was enthusiastically welcomed in London on his return.

At Dublin, the action "Roche v. O'Brien," in which Mr. Alexis Roche claimed 3,000l. damages against Sir Timothy O'Brien, the wellknown cricketer, for slander in connection with horse dealing transactions, was terminated by a verdict for the plaintiff, with 51. damages. (See also Chronicle for 1908, July 23.)

At Christie's at the sale of the Dean Collection of furniture, a Chippendale mahogany settee brought 1,950 guineas; a Chippendale cabinet 1,400 guineas.

15. At Cambridge, the results of the Mathematical Tripos were announced for the last time under the old regulations. Mr. P. J. Daniell, Trinity, was the last "Senior Wrangler," the second wrangler was Mr. E. H. Neville, Trinity, the third Mr. L. H. Mordell, St. John's, previously educated at Philadelphia.

- The Welsh National Eisteddfod was opened in London with a Gorsedd of the Bards in Kensington Gardens. The proceedings were continued in the Albert Hall, where Mr. Balfour spoke.

The fiftieth anniversary of the English Church Union was celebrated at the Church House.

16. At Lord's Cricket Ground, the English eleven were beaten by the Australian team by nine wickets.

17. The Tsar and the German Emperor met at Björkö in the Gulf of Finland. (See Foreign History, Chapters II., III.)

At Ascot, the Gold Cup was won by Mr. J. A. Rothschild's Bomba. Time, 4 mins. 28 secs. The St. James's Palace Stakes were won by the King's Derby winner, Minoru.

18. At Reading, Mr. Birrell unveiled a memorial to King Henry I. 19. The King presented colours to 108 Territorial regiments at Windsor.

H.M. cruiser Sappho and the Wilson liner Sappho were in collision in a fog off Dungeness, the cruiser was beached in Dover harbour. No lives lost.

20. Arrival in England of members of the Russian Legislature. (See English History, Chapter IV.)

At Liverpool a riot took place owing to the announcement of a Roman Catholic religious procession, and in spite of its abandonment; many police were injured.

21. The King and Queen attended the Jubilee of Wellington College. The Colchester Pageant opened by the Lord Mayor of London. 22. The Prince and Princess of Wales attended a service at Wells Cathedral celebrating the millenary of the Bishopric, and subsequently assisted at the formal restoration of Glastonbury Abbey to the Church.

22-24. Centenary of the birth of Charles Darwin celebrated at Cambridge; attended by official delegates from numerous Universities and scientific institutions throughout the civilised world.

23. At the Oxford Commemoration honorary degrees of D.C.L. were conferred on Earl Grey, Mr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, son of the wellknown American author, and an eminent jurist, and Mr. Brock, R.A.; and that of D.Sc. on Dr. George Ellery Hale, an eminent American astronomer. The "new" or Continental pronunciation of Latin was officially adopted for the first time by the Professor of Poetry in the Creweian Oration.

- By the upsetting of a boat on the lower lake at Killarney five American and four English tourists and two boatmen were drowned.

23. A severe heat wave visited New York and the Eastern United States generally, and caused many deaths.

24. At Christie's, Turner's "Burning of the Houses of Lords and Commons" was sold for 12,000 guineas, and Constable's "Arundel Mill and Castle" 8,400 guineas. Sir John Millais's "Rescue" realised 1,200 guineas.

In Paris, the Hope diamond was sold by auction for 16,0001.

25. The King's birthday was celebrated, but the trooping of the colours and the review at Aldershot were postponed owing to heavy rain. The Honours List contained no new Peers. Mr. J. X. Merriman, Mr. C. G. Hobhouse, M.P., Sir Hudson Kearley, M.P., Mr. Russell Rea, M.P., and Mr. James Stuart, M.P., were made Privy Councillors, and Lieutenant-General Sir W. Butler, G.C.B., Mr. Justice Wylie and two Irish Estates Commissioners, Privy Councillors for Ireland. The thirteen new baronets included the Lord Mayor of London, six Liberal M.P.'s and Mr. H. H. Longman, Chairman of the Surrey County Council. Among the thirty-five new knights were four members of Parliament, and Mr. H. W. Lucy, Professor S. Dill, of Queen's College, Belfast, Mr. Francis Galton, Mr. Edwin Pears (Daily News correspondent for over thirty years at Constantinople), Mr. R. H. Palgrave, editor of the "Dictionary of Political Economy," Dr. F. J. Campbell, the blind Principal of the Royal Normal College for the Blind, Mr. Pinero, Mr. H. Beerbohm Tree, and the Sheriffs of London. The G.C.B. was conferred on General Sir Bindon Blood, General Sir O'Moore Creagh, Sir Ernest Cassell, Sir G. Maunde Thompson, and four others; and Lord Kitchener received the G.C.S.I. The honours list occupied more than five columns of the Times.

26. It was announced that owing to ill-health Lord Fitzmaurice had resigned the Chancellorship of the Duchy of Lancaster and Mr. T. R. Buchanan the Under-Secretaryship for India. Their successors were respectively Mr. Herbert Samuel, M.P., and the Master of Elibank, M.P.

The Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington, was opened by the King and Queen.

The Imperial Press Conference concluded. (See English History, Chapter IV.)

At the Central Criminal Court, Francis King, a cashier of the London and South-Western Bank, and Bernard Robert, a young Dutch journalist, were sentenced respectively to seven years' penal servitude and eighteen months' hard labour for a daring and ingenious fraud committed by Robert in the name of "D. S. Windell" on the London and South-Western Bank in September, 1908.

27. The Grand Prix de Paris was won by Baron Maurice de Rothschild's Verdun. Time, 2 mins. 283 secs.

29. Suffragist disturbances at the House of Commons. (See English History, Chapter V.)

30. At Portsmouth Quarter Sessions Wilfrid Tomey, a petty officer, was sentenced to five years' penal servitude for stealing nearly 3,000l.