2. Announcement that General Sir O'Moore Creagh, of the Indian Army, would succeed Lord Kitchener as Commander-in-Chief in the East Indies.

-At the Parliamentary bye-election for East Denbighshire, due to the appointment of Mr. E. G. Hemmerde (L.) to the Recordership of Liverpool, he was again returned, obtaining 6,265 votes; Sir Foster Cunliffe (U.) receiving 3,544.

3. The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race from Putney to Mortlake was won by Oxford by 34 lengths; time, 19 mins. 50 secs.

The International Association football match between England and Scotland at the Crystal Palace was won by England by two goals to none.

At the Assizes at Devizes Mrs. Flora Haskell, a widow of Salisbury, was acquitted on the charge of murdering her crippled son at Salisbury on Oct. 31, 1908. At the first trial the jury had disagreed.

The Scottish Office announced that Mr. James Patten Macdougall, C.B., Vice-President of the Scottish Local Government Board, would succeed Sir Stair Agnew, K.C.B., as Registrar-General for Scotland from April 30, and that Sir George McCrae, M.P., was appointed to succeed Mr. Macdougall.

5. The medals of the Royal Geographical Society were awarded as follows the Founder's, to Dr. M. A. Stein, the explorer of Central Asia; the Patron's, to Colonel the Hon. M. G. Talbot, R. E., for surveys on the N.W. Frontier of India and in the Soudan; the Royal Medals, to Dr. Stein and Col. Talbot; the Victoria, to Professor Alexander Agassiz, for oceanographic explorations; the Murchison Bequest, to Captain C. G. Rawling, for exploration and surveying in Tibet; the Gill Memorial, to Commander B. Whitehouse, R.N., for a survey of Lake Victoria Nyanza; the Cuthbert Peek Fund, to Captain R. Ommaney, R.E., for obtaining the longitude of fifteen towns in Northern Nigeria; the Back Bequest, to Rai Sahib Lal Singh, for surveying work in Asia. A special gold medal was to be presented to Lieutenant Shackleton.

6. H.M. destroyer Blackwater sunk off Dungeness by collision with the steamer Hero of Bristol; no lives lost.

7. Both Houses of Parliament adjourned for the Easter recess.

7-11. At St. Blazey, Cornwall, a lunatic, Cecil Dench, after shooting a boy in the street, barricaded himself in a cottage and wounded three men who tried to approach him; he eventually surrendered voluntarily after nearly four days' siege.

8. The Easter holiday traffic was exceptionally large, owing to the fine weather and the recent epidemic of influenza.

8-9. The annexation of Bosnia and the Herzegovina was recognised by the Powers signatory of the Treaty of Berlin, they signifying their assent to the abrogation of its twenty-fifth clause.

10. A dam of ice was reported in the gorge of the Niagara River extending ten miles back from its junction with Lake Ontario and raising the water 12 ft. above the highest level yet recorded. The power

supplies of various adjacent towns were interfered with, and it was apprehended that a sudden breakage would sweep away Lewiston, Niagara City, and other communities on the banks of the river. Eventually on April 23 and 24 the danger was averted by the use of dynamite under the direction of the N.Y. Public Works Department.

12. The results of the "Schools of the Empire Shooting Competitions" (for school cadet corps) were announced. The Lawrence Military Asylum, India, won both the senior prize (Prince of Wales' Cup) and the junior (Natal Shield), Dover College was second in the senior (under twenty) and Pietermaritzburg second in the junior competition. The Transvaal schools competed for the first time.

13. The counter-revolution began at Constantinople. (See Foreign History, Chapter III.)

14. At Cardiff, a statue to Sir Edward Reed, sometime Chief Constructor of the Navy, was unveiled by Lord Rosebery, who spoke on the naval crisis.

16. At the Parliamentary bye-election for East Edinburgh, caused by the acceptance of the Vice-Presidency of the Scottish Local Government Board by Sir G. McCrae (L.), Lord Provost Gibson (L.) was elected with 4,527 votes, Mr. P. J. Ford (U.) receiving 4,069. The Liberal majority, now 458, had been 4,174 at the general election.

17. At Glasgow, the match between the Celtic and Rangers Clubs for the Scottish Association Football Cup having for the second time ended in a tie, a refusal to play extra time led to a riot; some eighty spectators and forty-five constables were injured. In consequence, the cup was withheld for the year by the Scottish Football Association.

18. The beatification of Joan of Arc took place before a vast congregation in St. Peter's, Rome.

19. The House of Commons reassembled after the Easter recess. (See English History, Chapter III.)

It was announced that Mr. J. P. Mellor had been appointed King's Proctor, vice Lord Desart resigned.

The Shakespeare celebrations at Stratford-on-Avon began with the opening of an exhibition and the performance of "Julius Cæsar" by Mr. Benson's company at the Memorial Theatre.

The Turco-Bulgarian Protocol was signed at Constantinople and the Russo-Bulgarian Agreement at St. Petersburg. (See Foreign History, Chapter III.)

20. The seventieth birthday of the King of Roumania was celebrated at Bucharest.

21. It was announced that the Rev. Canon H. E. Savage, Vicar of Halifax, had been appointed Dean of Lichfield, vice the Very Rev. H. M. Luckock, D.D., deceased.

At Epsom the City and Suburban Handicap, 14 miles, was won by Mr. W. Hall Walker's White Eagle; time, 2 mins. 7 secs.

23. In Portugal, an earthquake in the Valley of the Tagus destroyed two villages, Benevento and Samora, near Santarem; about forty persons were killed and about a hundred injured.

The anniversary of Shakespeare's birth was celebrated by a memorial service at Southwark Cathedral, at which an ode was read by the Poet Laureate and an address delivered by Mr. Forbes Robertson.

24. The Young Turkish forces from Salonika entered and occupied Constantinople. (See Foreign History, Chapter III.)

In the final match for the Association Football Cup at the Crystal Palace, Manchester United defeated Bristol City by a goal to nothing. 25. At Nice a statue of Gambetta erected by the townspeople was unveiled by President Fallières. M. Clemenceau, the Prime Minister, delivered an address.

26. An International Women's Suffrage Congress opened in London. The Prince and Princess of Wales opened the Edgar Allen Library at Sheffield University.

-The Hungarian Ministry resigned. (See Foreign History, Chap. II.) 27. Sultan Abdul Hamid was formally deposed by a unanimous vote of the Turkish National Assembly, and his brother, Reshad Effendi, proclaimed Sultan as Mohammed V. (See Foreign History, Chapter III.)

Three women suffragists chained themselves to statues in the central hall of the Houses of Parliament.

A complimentary breakfast was given at the Holborn Restaurant to the Rev. John Clifford, D.D., of Westbourne Park Chapel, in celebration of his ministerial jubilee.

28. Lord Curzon published in a small volume a Memorandum reviewing and criticising proposals for the reform of Oxford University. At Newmarket, the Two Thousand Guineas was won by the King's colt, Minoru, the Duke of Portland's Phaleron being second and Mr. Raphael's Louviers third; time, 1 min. 37 secs.

29. The Budget was introduced. (See English History, Chapter III.) 30. The Queen of the Netherlands gave birth to a daughter and heir to the throne. The event, which had been anxiously expected for a month, was hailed with great rejoicings.

The Royal Academy Banquet took place at Burlington House. The speeches, intermitted in 1908, were restored, and the Prince of Wales, the Prime Minister, the First Lord of the Admiralty and Lord Curzon were among the speakers.

At Christie's, Jules Breton's "Le Goûter," 1886, was sold for 2,700 guineas; two pictures of cattle by Troyon respectively 2,500 and 2,550 guineas; a view of Amsterdam by Jakob Maris, 1,200 guineas, and a Turner ("Ingleborough from Hornby Castle ") 1,300 guineas.

MAY.

1. Labour demonstrations took place in various Continental countries, but little was done in Germany owing to trade depression. In Paris there was some unrest owing to the postal and telegraphic labour crisis, in Buenos Ayres a conflict between the crowd and the police was followed by rioting and several deaths, and by a general strike.

At the Parliamentary bye-election for Cork City, caused by the retirement of Mr. William O'Brien (Ind. N.), Mr. Maurice Healy (Ind. N.) was returned by 4,706 votes, Mr. G. Crosbie (N.) receiving 3,547. A notice was posted at the Inner Temple announcing the formal disbarring of Pandit Shyamaji Krishnavarma on the ground of a letter by him in the Times of February 20, which was regarded as justifying recent political outrages in India. (Later, a number of members of Convocation of the University of Oxford memorialised the Vice-Chancellor with a view of terminating the Herbert Spencer Lectureship, founded by Mr. Krishnavarma in 1904; but the University was advised that there was no legal method of doing so.)

4. At the Parliamentary bye-election for the Attercliffe division of Sheffield, caused by the retirement from ill-health of Mr. Batty Langley (L.), Mr. J. Pointer (Lab.) was returned by 3,531 votes; Mr. King Farlow (C.) received 3,380, Mr. Lambert (L.) 3,175, and Mr. Muir Wilson (Ind. U.) 2,803.

At the Parliamentary bye-election for the Stratford-on-Avon division of Warwickshire, due to the resignation of Captain KincaidSmith (L.) to test the opinion of his constituents on compulsory military service, Mr. P. S. Foster (U.) was returned with 5,374 votes Mr. J. Martin, K.C. (L.), ex-Premier of British Columbia, received 2,747; and Captain Kincaid-Smith 479.

6. At Sotheby's, at a sale of illuminated MSS., chiefly Books of Hours of the fifteenth and sixteenth century, a sixteenth century MS. brought 7901., an early fifteenth century MS. 5051., and others prices varying from 761. to 3201. The total of 67 lots (65 MSS.) produced 8,0561. 10s.

At Edinburgh, Oscar Slater, charged with the murder of Miss Marion Gilchrist, in Glasgow on December 21, 1908, was found guilty by a majority and sentenced to death. (The aim was robbery of jewellery. In consequence of the division of the jury, the death sentence was not carried out.)

7. The Convocation of Canterbury prorogued till July 8. The lower House had rejected (May 4) a resolution slightly weakening the rubrical obligation to daily service; it now passed a resolution which as amended deprecated the prohibition under existing circumstances of either of the two existing usages regarding the vesture of the minister at Holy Communion.

Mr. Winston Churchill, President of the Board of Trade, received a deputation advocating the Channel Ferry and expressed his willingness to do all in his power to advance the project.

8. The King returned to London from his Continental tour. (See March 5, and English History, Chapter III.)

At Liverpool University the Earl of Derby was installed as Chancellor in succession to his father; the Earl of Crewe, Mr. Balfour, Lord Charles Beresford, Mr. Birrell, Mr. Marconi and others receiving honorary degrees.

At Nottingham, the Australians beat Notts after two days' play by an innings and six runs.

The amateur tennis championship was won at Queen's Club by Mr. E. H. Miles, who beat Mr. N. S. Lytton by three sets to none. Mr. Jay Gould, the holder, did not compete.

10. Investiture of Sultan Mohammed V. with the sword of Osman. (See Foreign History, Chapter III.)

Strangers readmitted to the galleries of the House of Commons for the first time since October 29, 1908.

12. The German Emperor and Empress were met by the King and Queen of Italy at Brindisi.

Postal strike in France. (See Foreign History, Chapter I.)

At Brentford the Duke of Northumberland unveiled a column commemorating the conflict at the Ferry between the troops of Julius Cæsar and those of Cassivellaunus, Offa's Church Council of 780, the defeat of Cnut by Edmund Ironside, 1018, and the battle of Brentford, 1648.

A Stradivarius violin, "Le Mercure," was sold by auction in London for 9251.

At Northampton the Australian cricket team beat the county by nine wickets.

13. At Christie's, at the sale of the late Mr. Justice Day's pictures, Millet's "Goose Maiden " was sold for 5,000 guineas; Corot's " Ferry" for 2,800 guineas; Daubigny's "Bords de l'Oise" for 1,800 guineas; Harpignies' "Solitude for 1,800 guineas; Matthew Maris' "Four Mills" for 3,300 guineas; the same artist's "Feeding Chickens" for 3,000 guineas. Almost equally high prices were realised for other pictures by these and other artists. The whole collection realised nearly 95,000l.

14. The German Emperor and Empress were received by the Emperor of Austria in Vienna. (See Foreign History, Chapter III.)

At Herlisheim, near Colmar, Alsace, the boiler of a goods engine exploded as an express passed; both trains took fire and were derailed; five killed, fourteen injured.

15. Mr. Burns, President of the Local Government Board, opened a Children's Infirmary at Carshalton erected by the Metropolitan Asylums Board, and said that something would be, and was being, done to carry out the recommendations of the Poor Law Commission. Review of 8,000 City "Territorials" by the Lord Mayor at the Mansion House.