Introduction. I. Travelling Expenses. Money. Language. Passports. II. Travelling Season. Plan of Tour III. Railways. Tramways. Diligences. Steamers. Cycling IV. Post Office. Telegraph Office . V. Hotels. Restaurants. Beer Houses. Cafés. Cigars VII. Gratuities. Guides. Public Security. Beggars . VIII. Intercourse with the People IX. Theatres. Bull Fights. Juego de Pelota X. Climate and Health. Physicians and Chemists. xi xli 2. From Zumárraga to Bilbao and thence to Santander 18. From Saragossa to Castejon and Miranda de Ebro 26. From Barcelona viâ San Vicente de Calders to Tarra- 54. From Madrid to Torre, das Vargens (Lisbon) viâ Pla- 63. From Vallado to Leiría viâ Alcobaça and Batalha . 1. General Map of Spain and Portugal (1 : 2,750,000): before the 2. Railway Map of Spain and Portugal (1:7,000,000): at the end of the volume. 3. The Montserrat (1: 25,000): p. 267. 4. The Island of Majorca (1: 800,000): p. 285. b. PLANS OF Towns. 17. 1. Alicante (1:15,000). 2. Aranjuez (1:19,300). 3. Avila (1:12,500). 4. Barcelona (1: 37,000). 5. Barcelona, inner to wn (1:15,000).-6. Bilbao (1:15,000). — 7. Burgos (1 : 11,000). 8. Cadiz (1:10,000). 9. Cartagena (1: 28,000). — 10. Coimbra (1:9000). 11. Cordova (1 : 15,000). 12. Escorial (1:14,000). 13. Gibraltar (1:25,000). - 14. Granada (1:8700). 15. La Granja (1:15,000). 16. Lisbon (1 : 15,000). Madrid (1: 36,000). 18. Madrid, inner town (1: 12,000). 19. Malaga (1:13,000). 20. Oporto (1: 15,000). de Mallorca (1: 17,500), with Environs. 22. Sagunto (1:9500). 23. Salamanca (1:13,500). 24. San Sebastian (1: 18,000). 25. Santander (1:13,200).-26. Santiago de Compostela (1: 13,000). 27. Saragossa (1: 13,000). 28. Segovia (1:20,000). Seville (1: 10,000). 30. Tangiers (1: 6500). 31. Tarragona (1:13,700). 32. Toledo (1:10,000). 33. Valencia (1:8750).— 34. Valladolid (1 : 16,000). C. PLANS OF BUILDINGS. 1. Cathedral of Burgos. 21. Palma 2. Prado Museum at Madrid. 29. 3. The Escorial. - 4. Cathedral of Toledo. — 5. Cathedral of Leon. · 6. Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. —7. Cathedral of Barcelona. 8. Mosque of Cordova. 9. Cathedral of Granada. 10. The Alhambra. 11. Alcázar of Seville. - 12. Cathedral of Seville. The letter d with a date, after the name of a person, indicates the year of his death. The number of feet given after the name of a place shows its height above the sea-level. The number of miles placed before the stations on railway-routes indicates their distance from the starting. point of the route. ASTERISKS are used as marks of commendation. comp. compare. ca. circa, about. r. 1. right. left. The following remarks apply primarily to Spain, but most of them are also true of Portugal. A few special notes on the latter country will be found at pp. 497-503. I. Travelling Expenses. Money. Language. Passports. Custom House. TRAVELLING EXPENSES. The cost of a journey in Spain does not materially differ from that of one in the other parts of Europe frequented by tourists. The average daily expenditure, exclusive of railway-fares, will vary from 12 to 20 pesetas according to the traveller's requirements, while 10-15 p. per day should be enough for a prolonged stay in one place. Parties of two or three travellers, who are familiar with the country and its language, may considerably reduce the above figures. = MONEY. The currency of Spain is now arranged on the decimal system, like that of France. The Peseta, divided into 100 Céntimos, is the nominal equivalent of the franc (1 p. = 1 fr. 91/2d.). In consequence, however, of the unsatisfactory state of the national finances, Spanish money has sunk far below its nominal value, and the rate of exchange is constantly fluctuating. The gold pieces of 100, 80, 40, 25, 20, 10, and 5 p. have entirely disappeared from ordinary circulation. The current coins are silver pieces of 1/2, 1, 2, and 5 p., and copper pieces of 1, 2, 5, and 10 c. The Banco de España at Madrid issues notes of the value of 25, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 p. The older silver pieces of 20 Reales (5 p.), 10 rls. (21/2 p.), 4 rls. (1 p.), 2 rls. (1/2 p.), and 1 rl. (25 c.) are still occasionally met with, but are being gradually withdrawn from circulation. Reckoning by reales is still common in retail trade. The piece of 5 p. is popularly known as Duro (dollar), and the pieces of 10 c. and 5 c. are often termed perro grande or gordo ('big' or 'fat dog') and perro chico or perrito ('little dog') in jocular allusion to the lions in the coat-of-arms. No paper money should be accepted except the above-mentioned notes. Spanish silver coins with the value stated in centavos and all foreign coins should be rejected. Every shopcounter in Spain is provided with a stone slab for the testing of silver coins, and the traveller should also learn to know their true ring, as false coins are by no means uncommon. A handful of change should never be taken without examination, since even railway officials will sometimes try to take advantage of the unsuspecting stranger by passing base money mingled with the good. |