General System Theory: Foundations, Development, ApplicationsAn attempt to formulate common laws that apply to virtually every scientific field, this conceptual approach has had a profound impact on such widely diverse disciplines as biology, economics, psychology, and demography. |
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Pagina 88
aggregates of fortuitous actions of elementary physical units . Theoretically , this
conception did not lead to exact sciences outside the field of physics - i.e . , to
laws of the higher levels of reality , the biological , psychological and sociological
.
aggregates of fortuitous actions of elementary physical units . Theoretically , this
conception did not lead to exact sciences outside the field of physics - i.e . , to
laws of the higher levels of reality , the biological , psychological and sociological
.
Pagina 126
Fast reactions , also in the organism , lead to chemical equilibrium ( e.g. of
hemoglobin and oxygen ) ; slow reactions do not reach equilibrium but are kept
in a steady state . Therefore , the condition for the existence of a chemical system
in a ...
Fast reactions , also in the organism , lead to chemical equilibrium ( e.g. of
hemoglobin and oxygen ) ; slow reactions do not reach equilibrium but are kept
in a steady state . Therefore , the condition for the existence of a chemical system
in a ...
Pagina 183
Such investigation may bring additional confirmation of the model ; it may lead to
its modification and elaboration by taking into account additional factors ; or it
may lead to abandoning the model altogether and replacing it with a better one .
Such investigation may bring additional confirmation of the model ; it may lead to
its modification and elaboration by taking into account additional factors ; or it
may lead to abandoning the model altogether and replacing it with a better one .
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Inhoudsopgave
Introduction | 3 |
On the History of Systems Theory | 10 |
Trends in Systems Theory | 17 |
Copyright | |
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General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy Fragmentweergave - 1971 |
Veelvoorkomende woorden en zinsdelen
according action activity animals appears applied approach aspects basic become behavior Bertalanffy biological body called cell certain characteristics chemical classical closed complex components concept concerned consequence consideration considered constant contrast cultural defined definition depends determined differential discussed dynamic elements energy entities entropy equations equilibrium essentially evolution example existence experience expressed fact fields final follow formulation function growth human important increase independent individual interaction language laws lead limited living machine mathematical matter means mechanisms mental metabolism nature observed open systems organism phenomena physics possible present principle problems processes progressive psychology question reaction reality reason recent regulations relations represent respect scheme scientific sense similar simple social society space specific steady structure symbolic system theory theoretical thermodynamics tion true universe various weight whole
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