ing Journal-Bill for amending the Law of Libel, by increasing the

Securities to be found by Newspapers, and abolishing the punishment

of Transportation in case of a Second Offence-Addresses of both

Houses for the removal of the Judge of the High Court of Admiralty

in Ireland, on account of Malversation in Office-Alterations in Courts

of Justice-Illness of the King-Bill to authorize the adhibiting of the

Sign Manual by a Stamp-Death of the King, and Accession of the Duke

of Clarence, as William IV-Royal Message to Parliament-Rupture

between the Ministers and the Whigs-Debate in both Houses on the

Question of Regency-Speech of Mr. Brougham-Prorogation and

Dissolution of Parliament
[116

CHAPTER VI.

State of Parties at the close of the Session-Effect of the Revolutionary

Movements in France and Belgium on the Internal Political State of

England-Feebleness of the Ministry-The Elections-State of Ireland

-Disturbances among the Agricultural Population in many Parts of

England-Meeting of the New Parliament-Speech from the Throne-

Discussions on the Address-Mr. Brougham's Views of Parliamentary

Reform-Symptoms of keen Opposition to Ministers-Postponement of

their Majesties' Visit to the City of London-Discussions in Parliament

on that subject-Majority against the Ministers on a Motion for a Select

Committee on the Civil List-The Ministers resign-New Ministry

formed by Earl Grey
[142

CHAPTER VII.

FRANCE. Continued Opposition to the Ministry-The Chambers meet-

Preponderance of the Liberals-Violent Proposals of the Royalists-

Address voted for a change of Ministers-The King prorogues the

Chambers-Preparations for a new Election-Partial Change in the

Ministry-Dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies-General Election

-The Majority of the Opposition is increased-Preparations made for

the Meeting of the Chambers-Ordinances issued by the King, dissolv-

ing the newly-elected Chamber, introducing a new Law of Election,

and abolishing the Liberty of the Press-Want of Preparation for

enforcing the Ordinances-The Parisians resist-Disturbances in Paris

The Troops being ordered to quell them, the Populace take arms—

After three days fighting, the Military are forced to evacuate Paris.

[166

CHAPTER VIII.

FRANCE (continued).-The Deputies in Paris name a Committee of

Government-The National Guard is organized-The King recalls the

Ordinances, and dismisses his Ministers, but his proceedings are disre-

garded-The Deputies name the Duke of Orleans Lieutenant General

of the Kingdom-The King and the Dauphin abdicate in favour of the

Duke of Bordeaux-This limitation is rejected, and the King and royal

family are compelled to leave France-They proceed to England-The

Duke of Orleans opens the Session of the Chambers-Alterations made

by the Deputies on the Charter-They annul all the Peerages created

by Charles X-The Duke of Orleans is declared King-Proceedings of

the Deputies-Disturbances in Paris-The moderate Members of the

Cabinet resign-Differences between the Cabinet and the Deputies-

Apprehension, Impeachment, and Trial of the Ministers of Charles X

-Disturbances in Paris-Changes in the Ministry-Quarrel between

the Deputies and the Students of Paris-Expedition against Algiers—

Algiers surrenders-the Dey is allowed to retire to Italy, and Algiers is

occupied as a French Settlement-Foreign Relations

CHAPTER IX.

[204

THE NETHERLANDS.-Discontents in Belgium-Union of the Liberals

and the Catholic Priests-Petitions to the States General against Griev-

ances-The States General refuse the Supplies-Concessions of the

Government-Dismissal of Belgian Officers who had opposed the

Government-Discontents on that account in Belgium-Subscriptions

to indemnify them-De Potter's Plan for opposing the Government-

He and his Friends are tried for Conspiracy, and Banished-Close of the

Session-Riots in Brussels-Contest between them and the Military-

The Military withdraw from the Streets-The Inhabitants form them-

selves into a Burgher Guard, and suppress the Mob-The Burgher

Guard frame a Statement of Grievances, and send an Address to the

King-Troops march upon Brussels-They are prevailed on by the

Burghers not to enter the City so long as order shall be maintained-

-M. Van Maanen resigns-The King convokes the States General-

The Prince of Orange arrives at Brussels-He is refused admittance,

unless he enter alone-A Commission appointed to state Grievances to

the Prince-Answer of the King to the Deputation from Brussels-The

Commission of Grievances demands that the Union shall be Dissolved,

the reigning Dynasty being preserved-The Prince of Orange leaves

Brussels, and orders away the Garrison, the Burghers pledging them-

selves that the Dynasty and public order shall be preserved-Brussels

insists that the King shall immediately grant the Separation without

the sanction of the States-A Committee of Public Safety is appointed

-Progress of the Revolt in other towns-The States General assemble

-Royal Message-Displeasure of the Revolted at the King's Speech-

They demand that the King's troops shall be entirely withdrawn from

the Belgian territory-Riots at Brussels-The Populace compel the

Committee of Public Safety to arm them-The Committee disapproves

of their proceedings-The Populace overpowers the Burghers, and

dissolves the Committee-Provisional Government appointed-The

Troops attack Brussels-Fighting in the City,-The Troops retreat-

The States General decide in favour of a Separation-The King appoints

a Belgian Administration under the Prince of Orange-Demands of the

Provisional Government-It orders a National Congress to be elected—

Progress of the Rebellion, and defection of the Army-The Prince of

Orange proposes to withdraw the Dutch Troops-Answer of the Provi-

sional Government-The King recals the Commission of the Prince,

who retires to England-The Insurgent Army advances against Antwerp

-Insurrection in Antwerp-The Insurgents admit the Rebel Army-

Bombardment of Antwerp-The insurgents are forced to retire-The

Allied Courts interfere, and obtain a Suspension of Arms and an Ar-

mistice The National Congress of Belgium assembles at Brussels-It

declares Belgium Independent--Resolves to adopt a Monarchical form of

Government, and passes a Vote of Exclusion against the House of

Orange-New Constitution
[240

CHAPTER X.

GERMANY.-Proceedings of the Diet against the Duke of Brunswick-

Disturbances in Brunswick-The Duke is expelled, and his Brother

assumes the Government.-SAXONY.-Riots in Leipzig and Dresden-

The King assumes his Nephew as Regent-Tumultuary movements in

HESSE CASSEL-Riots at HAMBURGH-Claims of Bavaria on the Grand

Duchy of Baden-SWITZERLAND.-Popular movements in Berne

-Fribourg-Basle.-POLAND.-Insurrection at Warsaw-The Russian

Garrison expelled, and a Provisional Government named

[274

CHAPTER XI.

SPAIN.-Proceedings of the Government consequent on the French Revolu-

tion-Abolition of the Salic Law-Plots of the Carlists-Banishments

from Madrid-The Refugees assemble on the Frontier, and prepare to in-

vade Spain-Dissensions among their Leaders-Mina elected Command-

er-in-Chief-Valdez and his Officers refuse to submit to him-Valdez

enters Spain alone, with a small body of Men, and is not well received

by the People-The Royalist Forces advance against him-Mina enters

Spain to support him-Both Bodies are attacked in the vicinity of Irun,

and compelled to Retreat into France-Escape of Mina-On retiring into

France, the Constitutionalists are disarmed, and sent further into the

Interior They Protest against this.-PORTUGAL.-Continuance of State

Prosecutions and condition of the State Prisoners-Death of the Queen-

Mother-Spirited conduct of the Corporations of Lisbon-Financial

Operations Installation of the Regency, in the name of Queen Donna

Maria, at Terceira.-ITALY.-Death of the Pope-Death of the King

of Naples.-GREECE.-The Crown of Greece offered to Prince Leopold

of Saxe Cobourg; finally declined by him.

CHAPTER XII.

[285

UNITED STATES.-Discussions on the Tariff-Commercial Intercourse

with the British Colonies-BRAZIL.-Differences between the Emperor

and the General Assembly.-Buenos Ayres.—The Federalists defeated

in the Province of Cordova.-COLOMBIA.-Discontents against Bolivar

-The Province of Venezuela separates from the Federal Union, and

declares itself Independent-The Constituent Congress assembles at

Bogota-Bolivar resigns, in opposition to its wishes-New Constitution

of Colombia-Bolivar refuses to be a Candidate for the Presidency, and

leaves Bogota-Decree in his favour-Act of the Congress regarding

Venezuela-Southern Provinces declare for Bolivar against the Govern-

inent of Bogota.-MEXICO.-Revolution.-CHILE.

CHRONICLE

[306