Observations. These were the prices in the month of March, when vegetables are dearest. The price of the coal and labour is not taken into account. The quantity of bones employed represents the gelatine which 37 kilogrammes 500 grains of meat would have supplied for two meals. It is advantageous to throw as much animal matter as possible into this ragout. To appreciate correctly the saving to the workmen by this system, it is necessary to consider the expense of their subsistence in this way and the former one. To take two examples :-a workman whose family consists of five persons, expended for his subsistence (bread not included) in four days, 6.90 francs, the expense is reduced to 3.70 francs; so that in a month of twenty-six working days, he saves 17.80 francs, or 213.60 per year. Another, aged seventeen years and a half, who was growing, instead of 1.35 francs which he expended daily, lays out only 36 centimes, and 60 hundredths; so that although he gains only 52 francs in a month of twenty-five working days, in three months he has placed 70 francs in the savings' bank. bution of the electoral franchise, which presents some curious results. He divides the French departments into three classes, as follows:-The first class includes fifty-one departments, which return constitutional, or liberal members. It contains 45,000 electors, and pays in taxes Contribution Fonciere.. Personal and Moveable tax Duty on patents Francs. 105,700,000 Newspapers.The population of the British Isles at present is very nearly double the population of the United States, the one being above 23,000,000, and the other about 12,000,000. Deducting the blacks, the American population will be about 10,000,000. In the British Isles, there are, át present, 334 newspapers, of which 19 or 20 are daily, viz. 16 in London, and 3 or 4 in Ireland. 19,800,000 In the United States in 1810, 15,000,000 11,000,000 there were 364 newspapers; in 1823, they were 598; and, in last spring, Mr. Cooper estimated the number at 800. The whole number of papers printed annually in Britain and Ireland, on an average of the last seven years, as I find from the amount of stamp duty, was 28,027,000. This gives an average circulation of about 1,100 for each. The average circulation of the American journals (1,000), the result is as follows: 151,500,000 The second class includes forty three departments which return absolutists, or ministerialists. These contain 31,900 electors, and pay in taxes Contribution Fonciere Franes. 32,300,000 If this estimate is fairly made, it shows that there are nearly two and a half times as many papers printed in the United States as in Britain, for less than half the population (excluding the blacks). Combining the two ratios, it results, that a million of persons in the United States purchase five times as many newspapers as a million of persons in the British Isles ! There is not a town in Great Britain, but London, that does, or can, support a daily paper. In the United States, every considerable town has one or more. Rochester, a town with 6,000 inhabitants, Troy, with nearly the same number (both in the state of New York), have each their daily paper, while neither Manchester nor Glasgow has one. Philadelphia and Liverpool have nearly the same amount of population, but the English town has probably six times as much trade as the American. Now, Liverpool has eight weekly papers, which put forth eight publications in all per week. Philadelphia has eight daily papers, and eight or ten others, which put forth about seventy publications per week! Scotland, with 2,100,000 of inhabitants, has thirty-eight papers, not one of which is published more than thrice a week. Pennsylvania, with 1,200,000 inhabitants, had 110 papers in 1823, of which fourteen or fifteen were published daily. Opening of the Welland Canal. -This great event has at length taken place. The hitherto insurmountable barrier of the Niagara is overcome; and the waters of the Erie may now mingle with those of Ontario. To the 600 miles of coast to which we had access, 1,000 more are now added, comprising the most western counties of New York, the county of Erie, in Pennsylvania, the shores of Ohio, Michigan, and Upper Canada-the abodes of a large and enterprising population, stimulated by the wants, and actively engaged in administering to the supplies, of civilized life. The whole length of the Erie canal, from lake Erie to the Hudson river, is 363 miles. It is forty feet wide on the surface, and four in depth. Lake Erie is 565 feet above the level of the Hudson at Albany. There are, from one extremity of the canal to the other, eighty-four locks, and the total rise and fall is 698 feet; of which about 650 are fall. The entire cost of Erie and Champlain canals, according to the canal commissioners' estimate, is 7,519,995 dol. or 17,367 dol. 49 c. per mile, making the total cost of the Erie canal, including that for locks, feeders, bridges, and all appendages, 6,304,289 dollars 97 c. POETRY. SONG-ROUSSEAU'S DREAM. E'l dolce lampeggio dell' angelico riso. STILL let me sleep! in dreams like this, Exchange that shadowy smile of thine! It fleets, and leaves my thoughts still bright, As waves that in the twilight roll Reflect the farewell look of Light. Thy form is yet of mortal birth, But gently freed from hopes and fears, Thy look is sad, yet not of earth, Love's tenderness-without his tears! I would not one frail murmur give I cannot wake again to weep, From dreaming thus of heaven and thee, There should we love as Spirits love- As mix the starry fires above Soul wrapt in soul eternally! |