Biochemical Systematics and Evolution

acrylamide albumin allelic frequencies allozymes amino acids amino-acid sequences amino-acid substitutions antibodies antigen Avise Ayala bands biochemical buffer changes characters chromosome cladistic classification codon comparisons cytochrome dendrogram determined different alleles diploid divergence Drosophila Duplicate Gene electrophoretic electrophoretic patterns electrophoretic techniques environmental enzyme esterase evolutionary rate evolved examined Figure fish frogs gel electrophoresis genetic distance genetic drift genetic identity genetic variation genome genotype globin groups haemoglobin Hardy-Weinberg heterozygotes homologous homozygotes hybrids immunological distance individuals intra-specific isoelectric focusing isozymes lactate dehydrogenase lineage loci locus mammals method mobility Molecular Evolution molecule monomorphic morphological mutation myoglobin nucleotide organisms orthologous pairs peptides phenetic phenotype phylogenetic tree phylogeny polymorphism polypeptide polyploid produced redrawn relationships reproductive isolation result salmon sample selection separate sibling species similar single speciation staining starch gel structural genes studies subunit systematic taxa taxonomy temperature tetraploid tissues transferrin trout types values vertebrates Wilson zymograms