before; at which the king went on with me, and Sir John Hepburn informing his majesty that I spoke High Dutch, he changed his language, and asked me in High Dutch where it was that I saw General Tilly's army? I told his majesty at the siege of Magdeburg.

"At Magdeburg!" said the king, shaking his head. Tilly must answer to me one day for that city; and if not to me, to a greater king than I. Can you guess what army he had with

him?"

"He had two armies with him," said I; "but one, I suppose, will do your majesty no harm." "Two armies !" said the king.

"Yes, sir; he has one army of about twentysix thousand men," said I; " and another of above fifteen thousand whores and their attendants;" at which the king laughed heartily. "Aye, aye," says the king; "those do us as much harm as the twenty-six thousand; for they eat up the country, and devour the poor Protestants more than the men. Well," says the king, “do they talk of fiighting us?" "They talk big enough, sir," said I; "but your majesty has not been so often fought with, as beaten in their discourse."

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this with so much freedom, and his majesty was so pleased with it, that he asked me how I would choose to serve, on horseback or on foot?

I told his majesty I should be glad to receive any of his majesty's commands; but if I had not that honour, I purposed to trail a pike under Sir John Hepburn, who had done me so much honour as to introduce me into his majesty's presence.

"Do so, then," replied the king; and, turning to Sir John Hepburn, said, " and pray do you take care of him:" at which, overcome with the goodness of his discourse, I could not answer a word, but made him a profound reverence, and retired.

The next day but one, being the 7th of September, before day the army marched from Dieben to a large field about a mile from Leipsic, where we found Tilly's army in full battalian, in admirable order, which made a show both glorious and terrible.

Tilly, like a fair gamester, had taken up but one side of the plain, and left the other free, and all the avenues open for the king's army; nor did he stir to the charge till the king's army was completely drawn up, and advanced towards him. He had in his army forty-four thousand old soldiers, every way answerable to what I said before; and I shall only add, a better army, I believe, never was so soundly beaten.

Upon which Sir John repeated to him the discourse we had together by the way: the king seemed particularly pleased with it, and began to take me to task himself.

"You English gentlemen," says he, "are too forward in the wars, which makes you leave them too soon again."

"Your majesty," replied I, "makes war in so pleasant a manner, as makes all the world fond of fighting under your conduct."

"Not so pleasant neither," says the king: "here's a man can tell you that sometimes it is not very pleasant."

"I know not much of the warrior, sir," said I, "nor of the world; but if always to conquer be the pleasure of war, your majesty's soldiers have all that can be desired."

"Well," says the king; "but, however, considering all things, I think you would do well to take the advice Sir John Hepburn has given you."

"Your majesty may command me to anything; but where your majesty and so many gallant gentlemen hazard their lives, mine is not worth mentioning; and I should not dare to tell my father, at my return into England, that I was in your majesty's army, and made so mean a figure, that your majesty would not permit me to fight under your royal standard."

"Nay," replied the king, "I lay no commands; but you are young."

"I can never die, sir," said I, " with more honour than in your majesty's service." I spoke

His majesty placed himself at the right wing of his own horse; Gustavus Horne had the main battle of the Swedes; the Duke of Saxony had the main battle of his own troops, and General Arnheim the right wing of his horse.

The second line of the Swedes consisted of the two Scotch brigades and three Swedish, with the Finland horse in the wings.

In the beginning of the fight Tilly's right wing charged with such irresistible fury upon the left of the king's army where the Saxons were posted, that nothing could withstand them: the Saxons fled amain, and some of them carried the news over the country that all was lost, and the king's army overthrown; and indeed it passed for an oversight with some, that the king did not place some of his old troops among the Saxons, who were new-raised men. The Saxons lost here near two thousand men, and hardly ever showed their faces again all the battle, except some few of their horse.

I was posted with my companion, the captain, at the head of three Scotch regiments of foot, commanded by Sir John Hepburn, with express directions from the colonel to keep by him.

Our post was in the second line, as a reserve to the king's main battle; and, which was strange, the main battle, which consisted of four great brigades of foot, were never charged during the whole fight, and yet we, who had the reserve, were obliged to endure the whole weight of the Imperial army.

The occasion was, the right wing of the Imperialists having defeated the Saxons, and being eager in the chace, Tilly, who was an old soldier,

captain, who, though very weak by the loss of blood, had raised himself up, and placed his back against the buttock of a dead horse.

I was the first that knew him, and, running to him, embraced him with a great deal of joy he was not able to speak, but made signs to let me see he knew me; so we brought him into the camp, and Sir John Hepburn, as I noted before, sent his own surgeons to look after him.

The darkness of the night prevented any pursuit, and was the only refuge the enemy had left; for had there been three hours more daylight, ten thousand more lives had been lost; for the Swedes, and Saxons especially, enraged by the obstinacy of the enemy, were 30 thoroughly heated, that they would have given quarter but to few.

The retreat was not sounded until seven o'clock, when the king drew up the whole army upon the field of battle, and gave strict command that none should stir from their order; so the army lay under arms all night, which was another reason why the wounded soldiers suffered very much by the cold; for the king, who had a bold enemy to deal with, was not ignorant what a small body of desperate men rallied together might have done in the darkness of the night, and therefore he lay in his coach all night at the head of the line, though it froze very hard.

As soon as the day began to peep, the trumpets sounded to horse, and all the dragoons and ight horse in the army were commanded to the pursuit the cuirassiers and some commanded musketeers advanced some miles to make good their retreat, if need were, and all the foot stood to their arms for a reserve. But in half an hour word was brought to the king that the enemy was quite dispersed; upon which detachments were made out of every regiment to search among the dead for any of our friends that were wounded; and the king himself gave a strict order, that if any were found wounded and alive among the enemy, none should kill them, but take care to bring them into the camp-a piece of humanity which saved the lives of near a thousand of the enemy.

This piece of service being over, the enemy's camp was seized upon, and the soldiers permitted to plunder it; all the cannon, arms, and ammunition, were secured for the king's use; the rest was given up to the soldiers, who found so much plunder, that they had no reason to quarrel for shares.

For my share, I was so busy with my wounded captain, that I got nothing but a sword, which I found just by when I first saw him; but my man brought me a very good horse, with furniture and a pistol of extraordinary workmanship.

I bade him get upon his back and make the best of the day for himself, which he did, and I saw him no more till three days after, when he found me out at Leipsic, but was so richly dressed that I hardly knew him; and, after making his excuse for being so long absent, gave me a very pleasant account where he had been.

sword, and an extraordinary good cane, was resolved to see what was become of the enemy, and following the track of the dragoons, which he could easily do by the bodies on the road, he fell in with a small party of twenty-five dragoons, under no command but a corporal, making to a village where some of the enemy's horse had been quartered. The dragoons, taking him for an officer by his horse, desired him to command them: told him the enemy was very rich, and they doubted not a good booty. He was a bold, brisk fellow, and told them with all his heart; but said he had but one pistol, the other being broke with firing; so they lent him a pair, and a small piece they had taken, and he led them

on.

There had been a regiment of horse and some troops of Crabats in the village, but they were fled on the first notice of the pursuit, excepting three troops; and these, on sight of this small party, supposing them to be only the first of a greater number, fled in the greatest confusion imaginable: they took the village and about fifty horses, with all the plunder of the enemy, and with the heat of the service, he said, he had spoiled my horse, for which he had brought me two more; for he, passing for the commander of the party, had all the advantage the custom of war gives an officer in like cases.

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I was very well pleased with the relation the fellow gave me, and laughing at him, "Well, captain," said I, "and what plunder have you got?" Enough, sir," said he, " to make me a captain, if you please, and a troop ready raised too; for the party of dragoons are posted in the village, by my command, till they have further

orders.'

In short, he pulled out sixty or seventy pieces of gold, five or six watches, thirteen or fourteen rings, whereof two were diamond-one of them worth fifty dollars; silver, as much as his pockets would hold; besides that, he had brought three horses, two of which were laden with baggage, and he had hired a boor to stay with them at Leipsic till he had found me.

"But I am afraid, captain," says I," you plundered the village, instead of plundering the enemy."

No, indeed, not we, sir," said he; "but the Crabats had done it for us, and we lit on them just as they were carrying it off."

Well," said I, "but what will you do with your men? for when you come to give them orders, they will know you well enough."

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No, no," said he, "I took care of that; for just now I gave a soldier five dollars to carry them news that the army was marched to Moersburg, and that they should follow thither to the regi ment."

Having secured his money in my lodgings, he asked me if I pleased to see his horses, and to have one for myself? I told him I would see them in the afternoon; but the man being impatient, goes and fetches them. There were three horses, one a very good one-and, by the furni ture, an officer's horse of the Crabats, and that my man would have me accept-for the other he had spoiled, as he said.

to see the rest of his plunder: he had three or four pair of pistols, two or three bundles of officer's linen and lace, a field bed and a tent, and several other things of value; but at last coming to a small fardel, "this," says he, "I took whole from a Crabat running away with it under his arm;" so he brought it up into my chamber. He had not looked into it, he said, but he understood it was some plunder the soldiers had made, and, finding it heavy, took it by consent: we opened it, and found it was a bundle of some linen, three or four pieces of plate, and in a small cup three rings, a fine necklace of pearl, and the value of one hundred rix dollars in money.

The fellow was amazed at his own good fortunc, and hardly knew what to do with himself. I bade him go take care of his other things; and his horses, and come again; so he went and discharged the boor that waited, packed up all his plunder, and came up to me in his old clothes again.

"How now, captain?" says I, "what! have you altered your equipage already?"

"I am no more ashamed," answered he, "of your livery, than of your service; nevertheless, your servant for what I have got by it." "Well," said I to him, "but what will you do with all your money?"

"I wish my poor father had some of it," says he; "and, for the rest, I got it for you, sir, and desire you would take it."

This was spoke with so much honesty and freedom, that I could not but take it very kind; but, however, I told him I would not take a farthing from him as his master, but I would have him play the good husband with it, as he had had such good fortune.

He told me he would take my directions in everything.

Why, then," says I, "I'll tell you what I would advise you to do: turn it all into ready money, and convey it by return home into England, and follow yourself the first opportunity, and, with good management, you may put your self in a good situation."

The man, with a sort of dejection in his looks, asked me if he had disobliged me in anything? Why?" says, "That you are willing to turn me out of your service," says he.

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"No, George," (that was his name) but you may live on this money without being a servant."

"I would throw it all into the Elbe," says he, "over Torgau-bridge, rather than leave your service; and besides," says he, "cannot I save my money without going from you? I got it in your service, and I will never spend it out of it, unless you put me away. I hope my money will not make me the worse servant: if I thought So, I would soon have little enough."

"Nay, George," says I," I shall not oblige you to it, for I am not willing to lose you neither;let us put all our effects together, and see what they come to."

So he laid all on the table, and, by our computation, he had got as much as was worth about fourteen hundred rix-dollars, besides three horses with their furniture, a tent, bed, and some wearing linen. He then took the necklace of pearl, a very good watch, a diamond ring, and one

hundred pieces of gold, and laid them by themselves, and having, according to our best calculation, valued the things, he put up all the rest, and, as I was going to to ask him what they were left out for, he took them up in his hand, and, coming round the table, told me that if I did not think him unworthy of my service and favour, he begged I would give him leave to make that present to me; that his going out was my first thought that he had got it all in my service, and he should think I had no kindness for him if I refused it.

I was resolved in my mind not to take it from him, and yet I could find no means to resist his importunity. At last I told him I would accept part of his present, and that I esteemed his respect in that as much as the whole; and that I would not have him importune me further, I took the ring and watch, with the horse and furniture, and made him turn all the rest into money at Leipsic, not suffering him, as before, to wear his livery, made him put himself into a tolerable equipage, and taking a young Leipsicker into my service, he attended me as a gentleman from that time forward.

The king's army never entered Leipsic, but proceeded to Moersburg, and from thence to Hall, and so marched on into Franconia, while the Duke of Saxony employed his forces in recovering Leipsic, and in driving the Imperialists out of his country.

I continued at Leipsic twelve days, not being willing to leave Fielding till he was recovered; but Sir John Hepburn so often importuned me to come into the army, and sent me word that the king had very often inquired for me, that at last I consented to go without him; so having made our appointment where to meet, and how to correspond by letters, I went to wait on Sir John Hepburn, who then lay with the king's army at the city of Erfurt in Saxony.

As I was riding between Leipsic and Hall, I observed my horse went very awkwardly and uneasy, and sweat very much, though the weather was cold, and we had ridden but very gently: I fancied, therefore, that the saddle might hurt the horse, and, calling up my new captain, "George," says I, "I believe this saddle hurts the horse;" so we alighted, and, looking under the saddle, found the back of the horse extremely galled so I bid him take off the saddle, which he did, and, giving the horse to my young Leipsicker to hold, we sat down to see if we could mend it, for there was no town near us. George, pointing with his finger," If you please to cut open the panel there, I'll get something to stuff into it which will bear it from the horse's back."

Says

So while he looked for something to thrust in, I cut a hole in the pannel of the saddle, and, following it with my finger, I felt something hard, which seemed to move up and down again as I thrust it with my finger. "Here's something that should not be here;" said I, not yet imagining what afterwards fell out, and calling him back, bade him put up his finger.

"Whatever it is," says he, "it is this hurts the horse, for it bears just on his back when the saddle is set on." So we strove to take hold of it, but could not reach it; at last we took the

upper part of the saddle quite from the pannel, and there lay a silk purse wrapped in a piece of leather, and full of gold ducats.

"Thou art born to be rich, George," says I to him ; "here's more money." We opened the purse, and found in it four hundred and thirtyeight pieces of gold.

Here I had a new skirmish with him whose the money should be. I said it was his; he said no: I had accepted of the horse and furniture, and all that was about him was mine, and solemnly vowed he would not have a penny of it. I saw no remedy, but put up the money for the present, mended our saddle, and went on.

We lay that night at Hall, and having had such a booty in the saddle, I made him search the saddles of the other two horses, in one of which he found three French crowns, but nothing in the other.

We arrived at Erfurt the 28th of September; but the army was removed, and entered into Franconia, and at the siege of Koningshoven we came up with them. The first thing I did was to pay my civilities to Sir John Hepburn, who received me very kindly, but told me, withal, I had not done well to be so long from him; that the king had particularly inquired for me, and had commanded him to bring me to him at my return. I told him the reason of my stay at Leipsic, and how I had left that place and my companion, before he was cured of his wounds, to wait on him according to his letters.

He told me the king had spoken some things very obliging about me, and he believed would offer me some command in the army, if I thought well to accept of it. I told him I had promised my father not to take service in an army without his leave; and yet, if his majesty should offer it, I neither knew how to resist it, nor had I an inclination to anything more than the service and such a leader; though I had much rather have served as a volunteer at my own charge, which he knew was the custom of our English gentlemen, than in any command.

He replied, "Do as you think fit; but some gentlemen would give twenty thousand crowns to stand so fair for advancement as you do."

The town of Koningshoven capitulated that day, and Sir John was ordered to treat with the citizens, so I had no further discourse with him then; and the town being taken, the army immediately advanced down the river Main, for the king had his eye upon Frankfort and Mentz, two great cities, both which he soon became master of, chiefly by the prodigious expedition of his march, for within a month after the battle he was in the lower parts of the empire, and had passed from the Elbe to the Rhine, an incredible conquest; had taken all the strong cities, the Bishoprics of Bamberg, of Wurtsberg, and almost all the circle of Franconia, with part of Schawberland ;-a conquest large enough to be seven years obtaining by the common course of arms.

Business going on thus, the king had not leisure to think of small matters, and I being not thoroughly resolved in my mind, did not press Sir John to introduce me. I had wrote to my father an account of my reception in the army, the civilities of Sir John Hepburn, the particulars of the battle, and indeed pressed him to give me

leave to serve the King of Sweden, to which particulars I waited for an answer; but the following occasion determined me before an answer could possibly reach me.

The king was before the strong castle of Marienburg, which commands the city of Wurtsburg: he had taken the city, but the garrison and richer part of the burghers were retired into the castle, and, trusting to the strength of the place, which was thought impregnable, they bade the Swedes do their worst. It was well provided with all things, and a strong garrison in it, so that the army indeed expected it would be a long piece of work.

The castle stood on a high rock, and on the steep of the rock was a bastion, which defended the only passage up the hill into the castle. The Scots were chose out to make this attack, and the king was an eye-witness to their gallantry. In the action Sir John was not commanded out, but Sir James Ramsey led them on; but I observed that most of the Scotch officers in the other regiments prepared to serve as volunteers for the honour of their countrymen, and Sir John Hepburn led them on.

I was resolved to see this piece of service, and therefore joined myself to the volunteers. We were armed with partisans, and each man two pistols at his belt; it was a piece of service that seemed perfectly desperate; the advantage of the hill, the precipice we were to mount, the height of the bastion, the resolute courage and number of the garrison, who, from a complete covert, made a terrible fire upon us, all joined to make the action hopeless; but the fury of the Scotch musketeers was not to be abated by any difficulties they mounted the hill, scaled the works like madmen, running on the enemy's pikes, and after two hours' desperate fight, in the midst of fire and smoke, took it by storm, and put all the garrison to the sword. The volunteers did their part, and had their share of the loss too; for thirteen or fourteen were killed out of thirtyseven, besides the wounded, among whom I received a hurt more troublesome than dangerous. by a thrust of a halberd into my arm, which proved a very painful wound, and it was a great while in being thoroughly recovered.

The king received us as we drew off at the foot of the hill, calling the soldiers his brave Scots, and commending the officers by name. The next morning the castle was also taken by storm, and the greatest booty that ever was found in any one conquest in the whole war. The soldiers got here so much money, that they knew not what to do with it; and the plunder they got here and at the battle of Leipsic made them so unruly, that, had not the king been the best master of discipline in the world, they had never been kept in any reasonable bounds.

The king had taken notice of our small party of volunteers, and though I thought he had not seen me, yet he sent the next morning for Sir John Hepburn, and asked him if I were not come to the army?

"Yes, sir," said Sir John, "he has been here two or three days." And as he was forming an excuse for not having brought me to wait on his majesty, says the king, interrupting him, "1 wonder you would let him thrust himself into