Fy, man! fy, man! leave it for shame, Honour abydeth you attendit by fame; And send the devill to the colstreat, for it doth expect him! Charge, lads! fall in a round, Till Česar shall give ground. Hark, hark! our trumpets sound. Vivat, Gustavus Adolphus! we cry! Here we shall either wone honour or dy. At Frankfort upon the Oder, Colonels Hepbura and Lumsdell, mentioned in the text, performed prodigies of valour. "The king calling the valiant Sir John Hebron (Hepburn) and Colonell Lunsdell unto him, 'Now, my brave Scots (saies he), remember your countrymen slaine at New Brandenburg. Lumsdell, therefore, with his regiment of English and Scots; and Hebron, with his High Duchers, presse upon that sally port, and the enemies bullets flying as thick as hail, Lumsdell, with his drawne sword in his hand, cries, Let's enter, my hearts!' thrusting himself in amongst the thickest of them. His men followes resolutely, the pikes first entring; all knocking down the enemies most pitifully; for the inner port being shut behind them, they had no way to escape, but the little clicket-gate, through which as many as could crept into the towne. And by this time the greater gate being broke open, Hebron and Lumsdell entering with their men, make a most pittifull slaughter; and when any Imperialist cryed, Quarter! New Brandenburgh! cries the other, and knocks him down. One Scotchman protested he had killed eighteen men with his owne hand. Here did Lumsdell take eighteen colours; yea, such testimony shewed he of his valour, that the king, after the battell, bade him aske what he would, and he would give it him. Sir John Hepburn, shewing extraordinary valour, was here hurt in the legge."- Swe- || dish Intelligencer, ut supra, p. 90. obstinately contested, and the desperate valour (Note 7.) This celebrated bridge is described (Note 5.) The account of the siege and surrender of Oppenheim corresponds pretty accurately with that given in the work we have had occasion to quote so frequently, excepting in so far as respects the cavalier himself. During the storming of the castle, "fell there out a pretty merriment, which some readers may perchance be pleased withall. Whilest the most of the Spanish were begging for quarter, a cer-king escaped so cheap as with the lives of two taine officer, with some others of his men, not daring to trust the courtesy of an enemy, fairly slips away from the Scots that had so ferryted them, running out of the towne for life, even close beside the king's army. It chanced that a hare, starting out of the bushes about the ditch, ranne directly before the Spaniards, and, within a few paces after, two or three other hares also ranne as directly after them. The Swedish soldiers laughed heartily to see what a convoy the Spaniards had gotten. 'Tis ill lucke (says (Note 8.) The conditions under which the ceone of their souldiers) to have one's way crostlebrated Wallenstein, Duke of Friedland, took with a hare; and that ill lucke is now ours, for we are likely to get but little honour by them, should all their countrimen run away in the like manner."-Ib. P. II, p. 47. (Note 6.) The siege of Creutznach was most thousand brave men; had not he directed David's sling-stone into Goliath's forehead, guided one bullet into Altringer's forehead, and another into Tilly's thigh-bone; had not this brave old counte beene thus spoyled, the king had found but an unfriendly welcome into Bavaria," &c.Ib. p. 148. Tilly is one of the numerous list of imperial generals, who were frequently unfortunate, yet still acquired a high reputation, such as Wallenstein, Daun, Melas, &c. the charge of generalissimo of the army, were most peremptory. He was to be generalissimo for life, and that in the most absolute manner, for the emperor, the King of Spain, and the whole house of Austria. The emperor should not be present at the army, much less have any command over it; the free liberty of confiscating and pardoning the countries he conquered was stipulated for by him; the duchy of Mecklenburg, with other dominions, were promised to him, &c. Scots, and the superior skill of the Scottish general, Lesly. (Note 13.) The 27th of August, 1640, at night, General Lesly arrived within a mile of Newcastle, and finding it garrisoned, marched the next morning to Newburn Ford, where he found the pass (Note 9.) "The king had now 132 ensignes defended with strong works and six cannon, and of foot, which made up 10,767 in the muster-guarded with 3,000 horse and 1,200 foot. He booke; and 152 troops of horse, which came to placed his own ordinance upon an adjoining hill, 7,676. In all 18,443 men."-Swedish Intelligen- and so harassed the English foot that they fled in disorder, and abandoned their cannon. The cer, P. II, p. 240. horse attempted to rescue them, but were put to (Note 10.) The celebrated victory of Lutzen was gained on the 6th of November, 1632, old style. In the Swedish Intelligencer, a long account of it is introduced, consisting of 48 quarto pages. The king previously harangued the Swedes and Germans separately, both together consisting of 17,000 or 18,000 men. The watchword of his army was, Gott mit uns, God with us; that of the Imperialists, Jesu Maria. Both the armies had had the same in the great battle of Leipsic. The king, in the midst of the battle, had charged a numerous body of cuirassiers, but they being too powerful, he was forced to retreat, and wounded in the left arm. As he was carried off the field, à cuirassier, who knew him, came behind him, and crying out, "This is the right bird," shot him through the body, but was immediately killed himself by Luchan, the king's master of the horse. The king's body was forced to be abandoned, and he was stript of every thing about him by the imperial soldiers, who were anxious to have a relic of so renowned a commander. It is well known, that afterwards the body of the king was recovered, and a most complete victory gained. One of the best imperial commanders, Count Pappenheim, was slain by a bullet from a falconet. He had, previous to the battle, taken the sacrament, confessed, and made this short testament: His soul he commended to God; his body (if he were slain) to the emperor, and his wife and children to Wallenstein. The imperialists vauntingly claimed the victory, but acknowledged that the king of Sweden was the bravest enemy and the best captain that ever was in Christendom. A stone pillar, to the north of the town of Lutzen, still marks the spot where he fell. (Note 11.) In this disastrous battle, the Swedish veteran general, Gustavus Horne, with Fieldmarshal Gratz, and two other generals, were taken prisoners; and several generals and superior officers killed. The defeat would have been still more complete, if the Rhinegrave Otto|| Ludwig, with his forces, had not approached, and prevented the pursuit of the Swedes, by the cavalry and Croats. (Note 12.) The Earl of Holland entered Berwick with the king, May 30, 1639, and the 31st he marched with 200 horse to Dunse. "Upon the coming of our forces into the town, [the expected Scots army was not to be found, but] the people cryed, " God bless the king," and that they were all his majesty's obedient subjects, and readily brought forth their Scots ale and what they had, to bid the English welcome."-Rushworth's Collections, vol. II, p. 929. June 3, the earl again entered into Scotland, with 4,000 horse, but retired before the numbers of the flight by Colonel Lesly, with about 1,500 horse. (Note 14.) Robert Bertie, Earl of Lindsay, was eldest son of Peregrine Lord Willoughby, of Eresby, a celebrated worthy of Queen Elizabeth's reign. He was born in 1582; and, in 1603, suc ceeded to the office of lord high chamberlain of England; 1626, he was created Earl of Lindsay; in 1635, appointed lord high admiral; and, in 1642, general of the king's forces. The same year, 23rd October, he was killed at the battle of Edge Hill. (Note 15.) Robert, Earl of Essex, was the only son of the great favourite of Queen Elizabeth, and, when young, was married to Lady Frances Howard. His divorce from her is well known; and he retired in disgust from the court in consequence of it. He died September 14th, 1646. (Note 16.) "Those of ours (the parliamentary army) taken by the enemy were, the Lord St John, who was mortally wounded, and declared, at his death, a full satisfaction and cheerfulness to lay down his life for so good a cause; Colonel Walton, a member of parliament; and Captain Austin, an eminent merchant in London; of whom the last died through the hard usage he received in the gaol of Oxford, to which he was committed. It was observed, that the greatest slaughter on our side was of such as ran away; and on the enemy's side, of those that stood; of whom I saw about threescore lie within the compass of threescore yards, upon the ground whereon that brigade fought in which the king's standard was. We took prisoners the Earl of Lindsey, general of the king's army, who died of his wounds; Sir Edward Stradling, and Colonel Lunsford, who were sent to Warwick castle."Memoirs of Lieutenant-general Ludlow.⚫ Edin. 1751, p. 44.-The king published a declaration to his subjects after the late victory against the rebels, which was answered by a similar declaration of the lords and commons. Sir (Note 17.) After the parliamentary army had possessed themselves of Reading, they had several skirmishes with the royalists, in one of which Hampden, the great patriot, lost his life. William Waller engaged the king's western army at Lansdown. The Cornish men stood their ground till they came to push of pike, but were then routed, and their commander, Sir Bevil Grenville, killed. General Ludlow, soon after, • Ludlow's statements, of course, lean towards the side most favourable to the party he was engaged in; but, for this reason, form proper annotations to those in the text, which are put into the mouth of one of the cavalier faction. joined Waller. "But," he says in his own memoirs, "the great hopes we had conceived of enjoying some quiet in the west, by the means of this victory, were soon blasted. For a body of horse sent from Oxford, not being attended by any of our army, (though, as I have heard, commanded so to do,) engaged our horse at Roundway Hill; where the overforwardness of some of our party to charge the enemy upon disadvantageous ground, was the principal cause of their defeat. The horse being routed, our foot quitted their ground, and shifted for themselves; many of whom were taken, and many killed; the rest retreated to Bristol.-Vol. I, p. 54. are, for the most part, detailed in the text. In 1641, he was created Earl of Leven, and died at Balgony, in Fife, in the year 1662. (Note 21.) This heroic lady was Charlotte, daughter to Claude de la Tremouille, Duke of Thouars, Prince of Palmont, &c., and wife of William, sixth Earl of Derby, who suffered death in the year 1651 for his loyalty to his king. She not only defended successfully Hotham House in 1644, but, in 1651, for a long time, the Isle of Man, which was the last place in the English dominions that submitted to the commonwealth. She was detained in prison till the restoration, and died March 21st, 1663. (Note 18.) "In the meantime the king's army (Note 22.) The battle of Marston Moor was besieged Gloucester, the king being there in per- fought July 2, 1644. Ludlow has the following son to countenance the siege. The besieged observation, similar to some of our cavaliers : made a vigorous defence for about a month; "If Prince Rupert, who had acquired honour during which time the parliament took care to enough by the relief of York in the view of recruit their army, in order to relieve them. three generals, could have contented himself Their rendezvous was appointed on Hounslow with it, and retreated, as he might have done, Heath, whither some members of parliament (of without fighting, the reputation he had gained which my father was one) were sent, to inspect would have caused his army to increase like their condition, that their wants, being known, the rolling of a snowball; but he thinking this might be the better supplied, who found them a nothing, unless he might have ably forced his very shattered and broken body; but the city, enemies to a battle, against the advice of many being then very affectionate to the public, soon of those that were with him," &c.-Vol. I, p. recruited them, and drew forth so many of their 107. The country people, it is said, buried four trained bands and auxiliary regiments as made thousand men, of which the prince is reported them up a gallant army. In their march to Glou- to have lost three thousand. In a letter from cester, some of ours fell upon a party of the the parliamentary generals, they state their loss enemy at Cirencester, of whom they took many to have been one lieutenant-colonel, some few prisoners, and seized a great quantity of provi- || captains, and only two or three hundred men. sions, which they found prepared for the enemy; which is not credible, considering the defeat of who, upon our approach, raised the siege."- one of their wings.-Rushworth, III, 635-636. Ibid., p. 50. A particular and very circumstantial detail was published of this siege, in quarto, by order of parliament. (Note 19.) "The Earl of Essex, having relieved the town of Gloucester, was marching back again, when he perceived the enemy endeavouring to get between him and London; and to that end, falling upon his rear with a strong party of horse, they so disordered his men, and retarded the march of his army, that he found himself obliged to engage them at Newbury. The dispute was very hot on both sides, and the enemy had the better at first; but our men resolving to carry their point, and the city regiments behaving themselves with great bravery, gave them, before night, so little to boast, that the next morning they were willing to permit the Earl of Essex to march to London without interruption. Few prisoners were taken on either side. The enemy had several of quality killed. We lost a colonel of one of the city regiments, together with some inferior officers."-Ludlow ut supra, p. 57. (Note 20.) Alexander Lesly, Earl of Leven, for the first time, evinced his military genius as a volunteer in Lord Vere's regiment, in Holland, and afterwards went into the service of the great King of Sweden, who appointed him to defend the town of Stralsund against the imperialists. This he accomplished, and obliged the great Wallenstein to retire, though he had boasted he would take the town if it were even chained to the firmament. In 1630, he drove the imperialists out of Rugen, and then returned home. His actions at the head of the Scotch army (Note 23.) This affair is represented as a very slight skirmish by Ludlow (1, 104), who hitherto had served under the defeated Sir William Waller. Of the parliamentary army, were taken prisoners Colonel Wemys, Lieutenant-colonels Baker and Baynes, and several other offcers. "Colonel Middleton was dismounted amongst the king's forces, of whom one, taking him for a commander of theirs, mounted him again, and bid him make haste, and kill a roundhead; and so he escaped."-Rushworth, III, 676. (Note 24.) According to Ludlow, the king lost, during the storm, about 1,700 men; and those of the town about one hundred. (Note 25.) "Being encouraged by his success at Leicester, and with the consideration that he was to encounter with an unexperienced enemy, upon advice that our army was in search of him, the king advanced towards them; and both armies met in the field of Naseby on the 14th of June, 16-15. Some days before, one Colonel Vermuyden, an old soldier, who commanded a regiment of horse, had laid down his commission; whether through diffidence of success, or any other consideration, I know not: and, in the beginning of the engagement, Majorgeneral Skipton, the only old soldier remaining amongst the chief officers of the army, received a shot in the body from one of our own party, as was supposed, unwillingly; whereby he was in a great measure disabled to perform the duty of his place that day, though extremely desirous to do it. Under these discouragements, the horse upon our left wing were attacked by those of the enemy's right, and beaten back to our cannon, which were in danger of being taken, our foot giving way also: but our right wing being strengthened by those of our left that were rallied by our officers, fell upon the encmy's left wing; and having broken and repulsed them, resolving to improve the opportunity, charged the main body of the king's army; and, with the assistance of two or three regiments of our infantry, entirely encompassed the enemy's body of foot; who, finding themselves deserted by their horse, threw down their arms, and yielded themselves prisoners. By this means our horse were at leisure to pursue the king and such as fled with him towards Leicester, taking many prisoners in the pursuit; who, with those taken in the field, amounted in all to about 6,000, and amongst them, six colonels, eight lieutenantcolonels, eighteen majors, seventy lieutenants, eighty ensigns, 200 inferior officers, about 140 standards of horse and foot, the king's footmen and servants, and the whole train of artillery and baggage. This victory was obtained with the loss of a very few on our side,_and_not_above 300 or 400 of the enemy."-Ludlow, I, 131. FORTUNATE MISTRESS: OR, A HISTORY OF THE LIFE AND VAST VARIETY OF FORTUNES OF MADEMOISELLE DE BELEAU, AFTERWARDS CALLED THE COUNTESS DE WINTELSHEIM, IN GERMANY; BEING THE PERSON KNOWN BY THE NAME OF THE LADY ROXANA IN THE TIME OF CHARLES II. LONDON: PRINTED FOR T. WARNER, AT THE BLACK BOY IN PATERNOSTER ROW; W. MEADOWS AT THE ANGEL IN CORNHILL; W. PEPPER, AT THE CROWN IN MAIDEN LANE, COVENT GARDEN; S. HARDING AT THE POST HOUSE IN ST. MARTIN'S LANE; AND T. EDLIN, AT THE PRINCE'S ARMS AGAINST EXETER CHANGE, IN THE STRAND. 1724. |