General System Theory: Foundations, Development, ApplicationsAllen Lane, 1971 - 311 pagina's |
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Pagina 32
... fact , similar concepts , models and laws have often appeared in widely different fields , independently and based upon totally different facts . There are many instances where identical principles were discovered several times because ...
... fact , similar concepts , models and laws have often appeared in widely different fields , independently and based upon totally different facts . There are many instances where identical principles were discovered several times because ...
Pagina 51
... fact that we know and control physical forces only too well , biological forces tolerably well , and social forces not at all . If , therefore , we would have a well - developed science of human society and a corresponding technology ...
... fact that we know and control physical forces only too well , biological forces tolerably well , and social forces not at all . If , therefore , we would have a well - developed science of human society and a corresponding technology ...
Pagina 117
... fact or interpretation or even the question of the merits of Marx's , Spengler's or Toynbee's theories ; it is whether , in principle , models and laws are admissible in history . A widely held contention says that they are not . This ...
... fact or interpretation or even the question of the merits of Marx's , Spengler's or Toynbee's theories ; it is whether , in principle , models and laws are admissible in history . A widely held contention says that they are not . This ...
Inhoudsopgave
Introduction | 1 |
The Meaning of General System Theory | 29 |
Limitations | 38 |
Copyright | |
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General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy Fragmentweergave - 1973 |
General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy Fragmentweergave - 2003 |
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allometric animals appears applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biological catabolism causality cell characteristics chemical classical classical physics closed systems complex components consideration considered constant contrast cultural cybernetics decision theory defined differential equations dynamic elements energy entities entropy equifinality equilibrium essentially evolution example experience expressed fact feedback fields formulation functions game theory homeostasis homeostatic human behaviour important increase individual information theory interaction isomorphic kinetics language laws living organism living systems logical Lotka Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine mathematical means mechanisms mechanistic mental metabolic rate modern nature open systems organismic phenomena philosophy physics physiological possible present principle problems processes protein psychology psychophysical quantitative reaction reality regulations relations schizophrenia scientific sense servomechanisms similar so-called social sciences society sociology specific steady structure symbolic system theory teleology theoretical theory of open thermodynamics tion universe vitalistic Volterra whole world picture