To my mind the walls.discovered in Brampton correspond to the walls at present used in our own country, although I admit this holds true in only a rough way. Should I be assuming too much were I to say that these Brampton .walls were once above ground, or at least in some cave or grotto? Their depth in the earth upon discovery might be due to gradual changes that had taken place in the topography and physiography of the neighbourhood. As to any doubt that might arise concerning the survival of the brick walls through so many centuries without wearing away and finally disappearing, I might offer as an example the artificial mounds and walls lately brought to light in North America. These were built during the Pleistocene Age. Or if the Brampton burial walls were constructed in a cave, they very probably were not submerged in earth until recent times, when the roof of the cave fell in. Whether the walls were built in a cave or on the surface of the ground, the important fact is that their peculiar construction, in coincidence with the method of burial in New Orleans, brings forth the idea of the topographical changes that have occurred in England. Was the region around Brampton at one time in the vicinity of a large river, or did the sea approach close thereto, making the wall method of burial compulsory? It is for those best fitted in this line of research to determine. KENNETH M. LEWIS. Short Hills, New Jersey, U.S. THE LITERARY FRAUDS OF HENRY (See 11 S. x. 441, 462, 483, 503.) 10. (a) SEVERALL SPEECHES DELIVERED AT "Whereunto is also added a new and perfect arbor or genealogie of the descents of all the kings and princes of England from the Conquest down to this day, whereby each man's pretence is made more plaine. Directed to the right honourable the Earle of Essex, of her Majesties privie councell & of the noble order of the GarterPublished by R. Doleman. Imprinted at N. with License. MDXCIIII." The origin and history of this book have been exhaustively treated by the Rev. J. H. Pollen, S.J., in a paper entitled 'The Question of Queen Elizabeth's Successor,' printed in The Month for May, 1903. Father Pollen seemed to incline to the view that its printer, Verstegan, poet and antiquary, was its author, rather than Father Persons, though I understand that he has since somewhat modified his opinion. The work is a learned one, but met, and still meets, with condemnation on all sides, both Catholic and Protestant. What is quite certain is that no controversial work ever had a stranger after-history. The full title of Walker's piracy deserves citation, if only to show how he succeeded in changing the original object of the book :: "Severall Speeches delivered at a Conference concerning the power of Parliament to proceed against their King for misgovernment. "In which is stated : "I. That government by blood is not by Law of Nature or divine, but only by human and positive laws of every particular Commonwealth, and may upon just causes be altered. II. The particular forme of monarchies and CONCERNING THE kingdomes, and the different lawes whereby they OF PARLIAMENT TO PROCEED are to be obtained, holden and governed, in AGAINST THEIR KING FOR MISGOVERN- divers countries, according as each CommonMENT.' wealth hath chosen and established. PUBLISHED on 3 Feb., 1648, nearly a whole year before the King was beheaded, and professing (inferentially) to be a report of a conference between the Lords and the Co nmons about taking action against the King, this book is the most important fraud in English history. It is usually catalogued to the Jesuit Father Robert Persons, or Parsons, who, or Verstegan, wrote the original book, of which this was a piracy. The original is a rare work, owing to the steps taken to suppress it when it was published. The following is the title of the kings, and yet how divers of them have been "III. The great reverence and respect due to lawfully chastised by their Parliaments and Commonwealths for their misgovernment, and of the good and prosperous successe that God hath commonly given to the same. "IV. The lawfulnesse of proceeding against Princes; what interest Princes have in their subject's goods or lives; how oathes do binde or may be broken by subjects towards their Princes, and, finally, the difference between a good King and a tyrant. admitting to their authority & the othes [sic] "V. The coronation of Princes and manner of which they doe make in the same, unto the Commonwealth, for their good government. "VI. What is due to onely succession by birth and by what interest or right an heire apparent hath in the Crown before he is crowned or admitted by the Commonwealth. And how justly he may be put back if he have not the parts requisite. "VII. How the next in succession by propinquity of blood have often times been put back by the Commonwealth and others further off admitted in their places, even in those kingdomes where succession prevaileth, with many examples of the kingdomes of Israel and Spaine. "VIII. Divers other examples out of the States of France and England, for proofe that the next in blood are sometimes put back from succession, and how God hath approved the same with good successe. "IX. What are the principall points which a Commonwealth ought to respect in admitting, or excluding their King; wherein is handled largely also of the diversity of religions and other such Yorkshire and Parliament man, bought Doleman of Corn. Bee at the King's Arms in Little Britain and gave it to Walker.'" terians would have made a minister. He Walker was the last person the Presby. was preferred to benefices at Uxbridge and at Knightsbridge by the Rump (in the latter place his parishioners petitioned against him), and Cromwell gave him the living of St. Martin's Vintry. "Mr. Darby" is probably a mistake for Henry Darley. Cornelius Bee was a well-known bookseller. On 6 May, 1648, the following book-of which the press-mark is E. 438. (19.)— appeared: The King's most gracious messages for peace and a personal treaty." The following extract is from pp. 125-7 in it : "They [the Parliament] pretended great enmity unto popish doctrine and tenents, and episcopacy was pull'd down out of zeale against popery (as if that had been a friend to it). With what clamours did they represent to the people Secretary Windebank's intercourse with Jesuits and popish priests. And yet these very men have permitted Mabbot (the allowed broker of all these venomous scribblings) to authorise the printing a book of Parsons the jesuite, full of the Perfect Occurrences, 21-28 Jan., 1647/8 most popish and treasonable positions that ever (p. 393): 66 Concerning these nicities [sic] there is a booke in the presse of diverse speeches at a conference, concerning the power of the Parliament in relation to the King, which will within few dayes be published." Perfect Occurrences, 28 Jan.-4 Feb., 1647/8 (p. 402):- Thursday, Feb. 3. His Majesty is very melancholy. The speeches at a conference came abroad this day in print, concerning the King." Anthony Wood in his Life of Persons draws attention to this piracy, and says as follows (Athenæ,' ii. 71):— Dr. Barlow's note [in the Bodleian copy] is this, in a spare leaf before the title: This base and treacherous pamphlet is, verbatim, the first part of Francis Doleman [Parsons was the man under that name] touching succession to the Crown. These nine speeches, as here they call them, are the nine chapters in Doleman. And this was printed at the charge of the Parliament, 30 pound being paid to the printer, "in perpetuam eorum infamiam." See the collection of His Majesties gracious messages for peace, p. 125, 120. The messages were collected and printed with observations upon them by Mr. Simons. The said traiterous pamphlet [ Several Speeches ' was put out by- Walker, an ironmonger (from that he came to be a cowherd) [?]. When the King came into London about the five members he threw into his coach a traiterous pamphlet, call'd "To thy tents, O Israel" (vid. Lambert Wood's History). He afterwards writ the Perfect Occurrences, and now [1649] is made a minister by the Presbyterians [?]. Mr. Darby, a were vented, for very good doctrine. Nay, more then this; have they not contributed 307. towards the charge of printing the same, and when, after its publication, it was told them by some that the said booke had been condemned by Parliament in the 35 of Queen Elizabeth and that the printer thereof was drawn, hang'd and | quarter'd for the same [?], and that it was then enacted that whosoever should have it in their house should be guilty of High Treason. When all this was related to some of the Committee of Examinations, did they not stop their ears at it ? Their own consciences know all this to be true, and that we are able to prove it before the world. Yet these be the men, forsooth, that hate Popery. "This popish booke that we speak of was first published anno 1594, under the name of Dolman, and intituled A Conference about the succession of the Crowne.' It consists of two partes, whereof the first conteines the discourse of a civill lawyerHow and in what manner propinquity of blood is to be preferred. It is divided into nine chapters, all which this blessed reforming Parliament hath now published under the title of Severall Speeches," &c. They were all answered (as they are in the Jesuites book) by Sir John Haward [Hayward], Doctor of the Civil Law, in the year 1603, and dedicated to King James, which answer is common in booksellers' shops, still to be sold. Now there is no difference betwixt this book published by this Parliament and that of the jesuite condemned by that other an. 35 Eliz. but onely this, when the jesuit mentions the apostles he adds the word 'Saint' to their names, 'S. John. S. James. S. Peter,' which the author of this new edition leaves out, and saies plain John, James and Peter. And perhaps in some places the word Parliament is put instead of the word 'Pope' or People.' Nay the variation is so little that it speaks (the 66 publisher a very weak man, and those that set him And There is a great deal of comment on this book in Prynne's 'Speech' of 4 Dec., 1648, but I do not set it out because Prynne does The Man in not mention Walker's name. the Moon for 27 June-4 July, 1649, says that Cromwell the substance of what was written and published by Father Parsons, the Jesuit, under the name of Doleman, for ends best known to themselves, but justly suspected to be no way for the freedom of the English nation, may give the greater occasion for the wisdom of later times to prevent those commotions towards confusion as might seem to threaten a second part of that horrid design of the Gunpowder treason, November 5. 1805." The motive of this and of his attempt to stigmatize the Royalists as equally guilty with Guy Fawkes is shown by Walker's remark, made apropos of nothing at all, and simply slipped in among his general news in his Perfect Proceedings, No. 293, for 3-10 May, 1655 (last page): I think we may beg his highnesse to take the Crowne." 66 Finally, Father Persons's unlucky book was reprinted in 1681, in order to support the enemies of James, Duke of York, afterwards James II. Never was there such an unlucky book for the House of Stuart. J. B. WILLIAMS. (To be continued.) A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS "hired that factotum of villainous impostur- HOLCROFT. 11 S. x. 1, 43, 83, 122, 163, 205, 244, 284, 323, 362, 403, 442, 484.) 1798. [Never published.] Indian Exiles.' Under this title Holcroft projected, attempted, and completed a translation of Kotzebue's play Die Indianer in England (1791). That Holcroft wrote such a play is fairly certain from the evidence of the 'Memoirs,' where there are definite statements concerning the work. On 12 Oct., 1798 (p. 196), he wrote: "Finished translating the first act of Kotzebue's Indian in England,' which has employed me five or six days; and as I intend essentially to alter the character of Samuel or Balaam, more time will be employed in a revisal. This character has keeping in the original, but not enough of the vis comica.' On the 16th (p. 198) he wrote: Finished : "Read the first act and part of the second of 'The Indian Exiles' to Bannister; and am convinced by the effect it produced upon him that I doubt how it is too dull for representation. far it is worth the trouble of alteration." I list another play of the same title :(3) "The East Indian : a comedy, in five acts. As Performed at the Theatre-Royal, Drury-Lane. By M. G. Lewis, Esq. M.P. Author of THE MONK, CASTLE SPECTRE, &c. [Quotation from Juvenal, Sat. 5.] London: Printed by J. Davis, Chancery Lane; for J. Bell, No. 148, Oxford Street. M.DCCC." This production was acted at Drury Lane, 22 April, 1799, for Mrs. Jordan's benefit, and 1 May, 1799, for the benefit of Mr. and Mrs. Powell, and was the only play of that name to get on the stage at that period. I had a great deal of trouble in finding a copy to examine and compare with Kotzebue. But it was immediately obvious that Lewis's is not a translation at all, but an independent piece, written before he was 16, partly derived from the novel of Sidney Biddulph, and produced at a benefit, as worthless plays by pleasant people often were in those days. The Preface tells its own story; but this can be verified in 'The Life and Correspondence of M. G. Lewis,' 1839, 1: 70. 66 (1801), which was put forward under the 66 Me The only hope which I entertain of seeing Holcroft's translation rests on discovery of of the identity of the the original manuscript, or on establishment translation, by an anonymous hand," noted by the Biographia Dramatica.' I have not yet been able to examine this translation. As far as I have been able to discover, the croft forms the only excuse-very scant it unpublished and unacted translation by Holseems-for Prof. Alois Brandl's phrase Kotzebue-Uebersetzer Holcroft in' Coleridge und die Englische Romantik,' Berlin, 1886, p. 179. 66 ELBRIDGE COLBY. Columbia University, New York City. (To be continued.) : THE PROLOGUE TO JONSON, CHAPMAN, AND MARSTON'S EASTWARD HOE':Not out of envy, for there's no effect Where there's no cause; nor out of imitation, For we have evermore been imitated; Nor out of our contention to do better Than that which is opposed to ours in title, For that is good; and better cannot be. On the ground of the "tone of arrogant assumption in these opening lines of the Prologue to Eastward Hoe,' Mr. Bullen (Marston's 'Works,' iii. 5) would attribute its authorship to Jonson, an attribution which seems to Prof. F. E. Schelling (' Eastward Hoe,' &c., Belles-Lettres Edition, p. xii) Aside from these three, the 'Biographia Dramatica' lists (2: 183, No. 116) a play of the same title as Lewis's, a translation, by an anonymous hand, from the same original. 8vo, 1799." Holcroft's piece, amid the Kotzebue stampede of the time, may have simply dropped away. An ingenious friend of mine has pointed to the facts that Holcroft was at that time (1798-1800) publishing"altogether likely.' anonymously, for reasons which are indi- The tone is no doubt confident, but the cated in the discussion of The German generous praise of the play " opposed to ours Hotel' (1790); that 'Deaf and Dumb' in title (Dekker and Webster's Westward Hoe ') seems far removed from the "arrogant assumption" of superiority to his fellow-dramatists characteristic of Jonson. Such unqualified praise of his competitors is, indeed, utterly unlike him, and for this reason alone it is difficult to believe that this Prologue can be his. There can be little doubt that Chapman's was the hand that penned it. Compare his Prologue to Bussy D'Ambois':— Not out of confidence that none but we From their deserts, who give out boldly that Eastward Hoe' was first printed in 1605, H. DUGDALE SYKES. kind as to promise Encouragement to so useful an This work is not recorded in Rowlands's 'Cambrian Bibliography,' though the titles of three works printed at Pontypool in 1740 are entered there (Nos. 8, 11, 16), each stating that the book was printed by the new printing press (Argraphwyd yn yr Argraph-Wasg The advertisement above Newydd "). speaks of the Farleys having set up their press at the instigation of some of the inhabitants of Wales, and possibly Miles Harry was one of those interested. There are four editions of Gammon's 7 Christ a Christian' in the British Museum, the earliest being dated in the Catalogue (? 1680), but the Welsh translation is not one. There is not a copy in the Bodleian, the National Library of Wales, or in the Welsh Neither Col. Bradney Collection at Cardiff. nor Mr. John Ballinger was aware of the Farleys having been connected with Pontypool until their attention was drawn to the advertisement. Perhaps some reader of ‘N. & Q.' may be able to locate a copy of this translation of Gammon's book. ROLAND AUSTIN. Gloucester. introduced this phrase into the second line of his 'Vanity of Human Wishes,' his editors Soame Jenyns's Epistle to Lord Lovelace tell us that it was suggested to him by "FROM CHINA TO PERU."-When Johnson : (1735): PRINTING AT PONTYPOOL.-Col. J. A. Bradney in a paper on Rare and EarlyPrinted Books relating to Monmouthshire (Journal of the Welsh Bibliographical Society, i. 169-80), states that "the first printing press established in Monmouthshire was one at Pontypool, belonging to Miles Harry, the minister and founder of the Baptist Chapel at Pen-y-garn, near that town, in 1727," and, so far as he was aware, the only books printed at this press were religious works, and all of them in Welsh. Col. Bradney also says that the first book was an answer It may be worth noting, therefore, that to some remarks of George Whitefield, the Johnson's phrase occurs in full in Sir William founder of the Methodists. essay In connexion Temple's an 'Of Poetry,' with this it is of interest to note the following whose concluding sentence was so much advertisement, which was printed in The admired by Johnson's friend Oliver GoldGloucester Journal of 29 July, 1740:— smith that he more than once, we are told, before the end of the essay Temple writes :adopted it as his own. A couple of pages "Whereas the Art and Mystery of PRINTING being now Established in the Town of PONTY. POOL, in the County of Monmouth, by SAMUEL and FELIX FARLEY, Printers, in the City and County of BRISTOL, at the Instigation of many worthy Gentlemen of the said Town and other parts of the Principality of Wales, who are so The wonders of each region view essay "What honour and request the ancient poetry has lived in, may...be observed from the universal reception and use in all nations from China to Peru." G. C. MOORE SMITH. |