A

NEW AND REVISED EDITION

AN ENCYCLOPÆDIA

OF

FREEMASONRY

AND

ITS KINDRED SCIENCES

COMPRISING

THE WHOLE RANGE OF ARTS, SCIENCES AND LITERATURE
AS CONNECTED WITH THE INSTITUTION

99.66

AUTHOR OF "THE HISTORY OF FREEMASONRY, LEXICON OF FREEMASONRY, "A TEXT-BOOK OF
MASONIC JURISPRUDENCE, SYMBOLISM OF FREEMASONRY," ETC., ETC.

99 66

THIS NEW AND REVISED EDITION

PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION, AND WITH
THE ASSISTANCE, OF THE LATE

WILLIAM J. HUGHAN, 32°

PAST GRAND DEACON (ENGLAND), past grand warden (Egypt), past grand wARDEN (IOWA), PAST
ASSISTANT GRAND SOJOURNER (England), ONE OF THE FOUNDERS QUATUOR CORONATI
LODGE (LONDON); AUTHOR OF “ENGLISH MASONIC RITE,' OLD CHARGES, ETC.

BY

99.66

EDWARD L. HAWKINS, M.A., 30°

PROV. S. G. W. (SUSSEX), P. PROV. S. G. W. (OXFORDSHIRE), MEMBER QUATUOR CORONATI
LODGE (LONDON), author of "CONCISE CYCLOPÆDIA OF FREEMASONRY"

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED

VOLUME II

PUBLISHED BY

THE MASONIC HISTORY COMPANY

NEW YORK AND LONDON

1916

COPYRIGHT, 1873 AND 1878, BY Moss & Co. AND A. G. MACKEY

REVISED EDITION, WITH ADDENDUM, COPYRIGHT, 1884, BY L. H. EVERTS & CO.

PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY, COPYRIGHT, 1896, BY L. H. EVERTS

COPYRIGHT, 1906, BY LOUIS H. EVERTS & Co.

COPYRIGHT, 1909, BY THE MASONIC HISTORY COMPANY

COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY THE MASONIC HISTORY COMPANY

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

THE TROW PRESS