reader and the tourist. To these, they have the gratification of presenting accurate and spirited views, with descriptions founded not simply upon a passing inspection of the scenes, but on the most varied and carefully collected information from numerous authorities, giving the different impressions they have made on highly educated and classical minds, with respect to their antiquities, their local traditions, and historical events.

Switzerland, and the northern districts of Italy, have already been delineated in the Landscape Annuals for 1830 and 1831. The brighter region of the south is now before us; and the fourth volume, for the year ensuing, will complete the Tour of Italy, embracing the most celebrated places situated on the eastern and western rivers of Genoa, with the no less interesting and magnificent scenery of the Val d' Aosta; thus closing the series of Italian landscape, by the passage of the Great St. Bernard, so as to form one connected and uniform work.

The author of the Landscape Annual begs again to return his warm acknowledgments to several highly respected friends, his obligations to whom it would be a far easier task to recount than to repay; in particular, to the distinguished and classical author of "Italy," and to the biographer of the "Italian Poets. He is also not a little indebted to some remarks on Italy by the late ingenious Mr. Bell.

* Lives of the Italian Poets.-By the Rev. H. Stebbing.

LIST OF PLATES,

ENGRAVED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MR. JENNINGS.

FRONTISPIECE, MILAN CATHEDRAL—Interior.

VIGNETTE, TIVOLI.

1. LAGO MAGGIORE.

2. FLORENCE, FROM THE CASCINE.
3. PONTE SANTA TRINITÀ, FLORENCE.

4. PELAGO, NEAR FLORENCE.

5. TEMPLE OF THE CLITUMNUS.

6. SPOLETO.

7. NEPI.

8. LAKE OF NEMI.

9. GENSANO.

10. THE GHIGI PALACE AT L'ARICIA.

11. NAPLES, FROM THE SEA.

12. SANTA LUCIA, NAPLES.

13. NAPLES, FROM THE STRADA NUOVA.

14. PUZZUOLI.

15. PUZZUOLI, WITH THE MOLE OF CALIGULA.

16. CASTLE AND BAY OF BAIE, TEMPLE OF MINERVA.

17. BAY OF BAIÆ.

18. CASTELL-A-MARE.

19. PERSANO.

20. BRIDGE OF VICO.

21. SORRENTO, ENTRANCE TO.

22. BAY AND PLAIN OF SORRENTO.

23. VIETRI.

24. CETARA.

MILAN.

Omnia quæ magnis operum velut æmula formis
Excellunt; nec juncta premit vicinia Romæ.

To walk the studious cloister pale,
And love the high embowed roof,
With antique pillars massy proof,
And storied windows richly dight,
Casting a dim religious light.

AUSON.

MILTON.

ITALY possesses attractions for the traveller not to be found in any other country of the world. Others may retain the relics of nations great in glory as the Rome which rose from her bosom. There may be others too as beautiful in aspect, as rich or richer in flowers and fruits, and others more than her rival in the spirit-stirring recollections of patriotic history. There is nothing so grand or solemn in her ruins as in those of Egypt and Greece; nothing so lovely in her valleys as in many lands farther south; nor, unfortunately for her happiness, can the records even of her republics inspire for an instant the same high and stern delight which is felt in the perusal of histories less deeply stained with the traits of private revenge and infamy: of histories in which, if deeds of blood be recorded—the wild fierce struggles of man with man, forgetting every attribute of his nature but his love of liberty or of power-some conquest for humanity may be discovered in the result, some answer to the sacrifice which had been offered up,-the people that suffered rendered freer and wiser! But the states of Italy shed their

B

blood in contentions of which the loss of independence was to be the sole result; war ploughed deep every foot of her soil, and the furrows have been ever since left open! Even the struggles and sufferings of far holier men than politicians and warriors fill but a melancholy chapter in the history of this unfortunate land. The blood of martyrs during one eventful period fell in copious streams in her various cities; but it was there, and there only, not the seed of the church—to human apprehension it was lost like rain upon the desert.

Still, though thus inferior in many particulars to other nations, Italy must ever be the most attractive of all countries to the traveller; for it has a charm to be found in no other, that, namely, of an almost endless variety in the character of its scenes, and of the details of its multiform and remarkable history. Within the circle of a few hundred miles, the Italian tourist views cities, each of which might be regarded as the capital of a distant kingdom. Rome has no likeness to any other place either in Italy or the world. Magnificent by its structures of later days, solemn and melancholy by its ruins, it lies buried in the shadows of its former greatness, and its modern edifices derive therefrom a vastness of proportion in appearance which they would not possess if placed in any other situation. An ancient and a modern Rome can only exist in words. The power of her republics and her Cæsars will be felt to the last days of her church; and it is not an extravagant conjecture that the influence of its recollections on the imagination of its rulers was the first cause which converted