May 16. The Senate passes the clause of the railroad bill which creates a Court of Commerce with jurisdiction over appeals from decisions of the Interstate Commerce Commission....In the House, the resolution to change the date of inauguration is defeated.

May 18.-The Senate amends the House provision of the Railroad bill relating to suits before the Interstate Commerce Commission.

POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT- AMERICAN

April 25.-President Taft appoints Governor Charles E. Hughes, of New York, to be associate justice of the United States Supreme Court, succeeding the late David J. Brewer.

April 26.-The President appoints Gen. Nelson H. Henry as Surveyor of the Port of New York....The New York Court of Appeals declares constitutional the law limiting the labor of railway telegraphers to eight hours a day. April 27.-The United States marshal and a district attorney in Alaska are dismissed by President Taft for incompetency.

April 28.-The Democratic State Convention at Indianapolis indorses John W. Kern as candidate for United States Senator.

April 29.-The Rhode Island Legislature opposes the imposition of a federal income tax.

April 30-In a special message to Congress President Taft urges the completion of Panama Canal defenses by 1915....A Democratic member of the Illinois Legislature declares that he received $1000 from his party leader for voting for the election of William Lorimer as United States Senator.

May 3-The New York Assembly for the second time votes against the income-tax amendment to the federal constitution.

May 4-The Massachusetts House against the income-tax amendment.

votes

May 6-The Democratic leader of the Illinois House and three other persons are indicted in Chicago in connection with the bribery

charges.

May 10.-The Massachusetts House passes a resolution favoring a constitutional amendment providing for popular election of United States

66

Senators....Senators Dolliver and Cummins address a meeting of the new Progressive" party in Iowa.

May 17-The New York State Senate indorses the income-tax amendment.

May 20-The taking of testimony in the Ballinger-Pinchot investigation is completed.

POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT-FOREIGN

April 24-The general election in France passes off quietly, resulting in a slightly increased government majority.

April 27-Juan Vincente Gomez is elected by Congress as president of Venezuela....The Finance bill passes the British House of Com

mons.

April 28.-The House of Lords, without division, passes the British Finance bill....The program of the new Italian ministry includes extension of the suffrage, state primary schools, and a liberal ecclesiastical policy.

April 29.-The British budget received royal assent and becomes a law.

April 30.-Turkish troops defeat the Albanian forces, clearing Katchanik Pass.

May 4-The Turkish chamber reverses its recent action and grants the usual allowances to husbands of princesses, the ministers thereupon withdrawing their resignations.

May 5-The Argentine parliament is opened with a message from President Alcorta.

May 6.-King Edward VII. died at Buckingham Palace, London, after a short illness (see page 689).

May 7.-George Frederick, only son of the late King Edward, is proclaimed King George V. of England....The Finnish Diet defies the Czar to exert his authority over Finland.

May 8.-Premier Canalejas and his supporters are returned to power in the Spanish elections. May 10. The German Reichstag passes the bill limiting the production of potash, in spite of American protest.

May 14-The Norwegian Oldesthing votes increased suffrage rights for women.

May 17.-The body of King Edward VII. is borne on a gun carriage from Buckingham Palace to Westminster Hall.

May 19. The privy council of Japan adopts a convention for the protection of copyrights.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

May 5-Secretary Knox and Ambassador Bryce exchange ratifications of the new waterway treaty with Canada.

May 8-The Bureau of the American Republics, at Washington, receives an appeal, indorsed by 90 per cent. of Nicaragua's land-holders, requesting the United States to intervene in the affairs of the republic.

May 14-It is announced at Washington that the Chinese railroad loan has been successfully settled, England, France, Germany, and the George, of England, has been asked by the United States participating equally....King

United States and Chile to arbitrate the Alsop claim....Secretary Knox proposes to the Canadian Government that tariff negotiations be commenced at an early date.

May 16.-Germany objects to the Anglo-Russian note on Persian loans and railway concessions....Troops are being massed near the frontier by Peru and Ecuador.

May 18-It is announced that consent has been obtained from Brazil and Argentina to join with the United States in an offer of mediation between Ecuador and Peru.

May 20.-Chile decides to accept a loan of $13,000,000 from the Rothschilds, of London.

OTHER OCCURRENCES OF THE MONTH

April 22.-The general strike of the building trades in Berlin is ended by arbitration.... Eighteen men are killed by a gas explosion in a coal mine near Amsterdam, Ohio.

April 23.-Theodore Roosevelt delivers an address before the University of Paris on the duties of a citizen of a republic....King Albert opens the international exposition at Brussels....Snow and freezing temperature through

out the Middle West and South destroy fruit, cotton, and other crops.... Fire sweeps over a great part of Lake Charles, La., rendering 2000 people homeless.

OBITUARY

April 27-Oscar Hammerstein retires from the grand-opera field, the Metropolitan Opera House taking over his interests.

April 28-Louis Paulhan flies from London to Manchester (185 miles) with one stop, winning the Daily Mail's $50,000 prize.

April 29.-Theodore Roosevelt and his party are guests of Queen Wilhelmina of Holland. May 2-Ex-President Roosevelt and his party are guests of the Danish Crown Prince at Copenhagen....The first prize in the art exhibit of the Carnegie Institute, Pittsburg, is awarded to William Orpen, of London, and the second to Karl Anderson, of New York (see page 696).... Edward Payson Weston arrives in New York City, having walked across the continent from Los Angeles in 78 days, excluding Sundays.

May 3.-The funeral of Björnstjerne Björnson is held at Christiania, the King and Queen of Norway attending.

May 4-Colonel Roosevelt is warmly welcomed at Christiania by the King and Queen of Norway.... The Royal Geographical Society presents a gold medal to Commander Peary, at London.

May 5-Theodore Roosevelt delivers an address on international peace before the Nobel Prize Committee at Christiania....The city of Cartago, Costa Rica, is almost totally destroyed by an earthquake, the loss of life amounting to more than 1500....Seventy miners are killed in a mine-explosion near Birmingham, Ala.

May 10.-Ex-President Roosevelt is a guest of the German Emperor at Potsdam.

May 12-Mr. Roosevelt lectures before the University of Berlin on "The World Movement”.......... The battleship Florida, of 21,800 tons, is launched at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. ....An explosion in the Wellington Coal Mine, near Manchester, England, causes the death of 137 men.

May 14-The Japanese-British Exposition is opened in London.

May 16.-Ex-President Roosevelt arrives in London....Receivers are appointed in Columbus for the Hocking Valley Railroad.

May 18. The body of King Edward, lying in State in Westminster Hall, is viewed by hundreds of thousands of people.... An explosion of 3000 pounds of dynamite demolishes the barracks of the Rural Guards at Pinar del Rio, Cuba, and kills more than 100 persons.

May 20-The funeral of King Edward is held with great ceremony in London, ex-President Roosevelt and nine reigning monarchs attending.

April 23.-John B. Alcott, the grass expert, 80. April 25-Björnstjerne Björnson, the Norwegian poet, dramatist, and novelist, 77.... Henri Barboux, an eminent French lawyer, 76. April 26.-Gustav Tietgens, head of the Hamburg-American Steamship Line, 72.

April 27-Baron Robert Melvil van Lynden, secretary of the permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague, 67.

April 28.-Rev. Henry Harris Jessup, D.D., for fifty-three years a Presbyterian missionary in Syria, 78....Gen. Edward P. Alexander, a noted Confederate soldier and writer, 74.

U. S. A., retired, 85.
April 29.-Brig.-Gen. Nathan A. M. Dudley,

May 1- -John Q. A. Ward, the sculptor, 79 (see page 694).... Nord Alexis, formerly presiRear-Admiral Philip Hichdent of Haiti, 90.. born, U. S. N., retired, 71....Gen. J. P. S. Gobin, a former commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic, 73.

May 2.-John W. Wheeler, a pioneer sewingmachine manufacturer, 77.

May 3.—John L. Beveridge, ex-Governor of Illinois, 86....John H. Converse, president of the Baldwin Locomotive Works, 69....Judge Edward T. Bartlett, of the New York Court of Appeals, 69.

May 4-Dr. Horace B. Silliman, of New York, contributor of large sums to educational and religious institutions, 84.

May 5-Dr. George Fisk Comfort, well known as an art critic and educator, 76.... Rev. Alexander McLaren, D.D., a prominent English clergyman, 84.

May 6.-King Edward VII. of England, 68 (see page 689)....Rear-Admiral Bowman H. McCalla, U. S. N., retired, 66.

May 7-Thomas F. Byrnes, formerly chief of police of New York City, 68.

May 8-Walter C. Kerr, president of Westinghouse, Church, Kerr & Co., 51.

ical educator and author, 52. May 10.-Benjamin Cutter, a prominent mus

May 13.-Edward B. Garriott, chief forecaster of the Weather Bureau, 57.

May 14-Sir William Huggins, the noted English astronomer, 86.

May 15-James W. Van Cleave, ex-president of the Manufacturers' Association and a leader in the fight against boycotts, 60.

May 16.-Rev. Thomas W. Silloway, a prominent architect, 81....George Aitchison, R. A., the English architect.

May 18-John A. Kasson, formerly United States minister to Austria and to Germany, 88.

Franz Skarbina, the German painter, 61.... Isaac Chauncey Wyman, generous donor to Princeton University, 82.

May 19-Michael Brinkman, M.D., an expert in hydrotherapy, 83.