East-West Life Expectancy Gap in Europe: Environmental and Non-Environmental Determinants

Voorkant
C. Hertzman, Shona Kelly, Martin Bobak
Springer Science & Business Media, 31 aug 1996 - 236 pagina's
This volume presents the procedings of an "Advanced Research Workshop," held under the auspices of the NATO International Scientific Exchange Programme, on the Environmental and Non-environmental Determinants of the East-West Life Expectancy Gap in Europe. The workshop brought together individuals from Eastern and Western Europe and North America who had a common interest in understanding the evolution of the relative declines in life expectancy in Central and Eastern Europe, compared to the West, over the past 30 years. Between 1989 and 1993, I carried out a series of investigations into the effects of environmental pollution on human health in Central and Eastern Europe, at first, under the auspices of the World Bank, and later, under a broader multilateral, multi-agency arrangement known as the "Environment for Europe" Process. These investigations provided unparalleled access to environmental health data from the region, and offered a glimpse of what the contribution of pollution to health status was, and what it was not. At the same time, the Program in Population Health of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIAR) and the International Centre for Health and Society (ICHS) at University College, London, were embarking upon multi-disciplinary inquiries into the broad determinants of health in modern societies. The work of the CIAR provided a framework for conceptualizing the East-West life expectancy gap and its potential determinants; the work of the ICHS provided specific insights into the relative contributions of these determinants.
 

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Inhoudsopgave

EAST WEST LIFE EXPECTANCY GAP AND SOCIOECONOMIC CHANGE
3
EASTWEST HEALTH DIVIDE AND POTENTIAL EXPLANATIONS
17
CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENCES IN THE QUALITY OF MEDICAL CARE
45
THE EASTWEST LIFE EXPECTANCY GAP
47
THE CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENCES IN MORTALITY FROM CONDITIONS AMMENABLE TO MEDICAL INTERVENTION
61
CONTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
71
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND HUMAN HEALTH IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE DURING THE SOVIET PERIOD
73
AIR POLLUTION AND MORTALITY IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
85
EVIDENCE FROM STUDIES WITHIN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE
121
PRIMATE MODELS
133
MARRIAGE AND MORTALITY IN EASTERN EUROPE
143
Results from the KaunasRotterdam Intervention Study KRIS
161
HIGH COST LOW GAIN CONDITIONS AT WORK AS A DETERMINANT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY
169
DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF PSYCHOSOCIAL STRAIN A POSSIBLE EXPLANATION FOR THE DIFFERENCES IN ISCHEMIC HEART DISEAS...
187
HEALTH AND CIVIC SOCIETY IN EASTERN EUROPE BEFORE 1989
195
A Synthesis of Evidence and Outstanding ilsues Regarding the EastWest Life Expectancy Gap
211

CONTRIBUTION OF LIFESTYLE BEHAVIOUR DIFFERENCES
97
CONTRIBUTION OF LIFESTYLE AND BEHAVIOUR
99
CONTRIBUTION OF SMOKING
109
CONTRIBUTION OF THE SOCIOECONOMICPSYCHOSOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
119
POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF OUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE EASTWEST LIFE EXPECTANCY GAP
221
INDEX
229
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