the north-east, at about a quarter of a mile distance, we see a building of stone in the middle of a small enclosure, the whole surrounded by the moor,—that is Braithwaite School, on Braithwaite Moor, founded in 1778, pursuant to the will of Edward Yeates, of Padside, who died in 1774; who endowed it with a house, twenty-three acres of land and nine cattle gaits; and made it free to all the poor children of Padside, and of all those who shall reside within twelve houses within Dacre and Bewerley-four of these houses at Deer Ings, six at the Heights, three at Holebottom, and three at the Row.

Edward Yeates resided in the house in front of the school, at the bottom of the moor. The family is extinct; and the estate is now held by that of Garth.

The boundary of the Forest of Knaresborough is the small brook which runs down the valley immediately below Padside Hall; the fence which runs along the northern side bears the name of "munk wall," and was the limit of the royal forest and the lands of the monks of Fountains. A short distance up the valley, towards the north-west, is the group of rocks called "Palley's Crags," or "The Abbot's Hand," mentioned in all the perambulations of the Forest of Knaresborough.

The population in 1801 was 229; in 1811, 291; in 1821, 309; in 1831, 304; in 1841, -; in 1851, 303; and in 1861,

The annual value of this township as assessed to the county rate in 1849 was £1,227; in 1859, £1,577; and in 1867, £2,135. Amount assessed to property tax in 1858, £1,720.

FEWSTON.

THE parish of Fewston occupies a considerable portion of the upper part of the ancient Forest of Knaresborough, and includes within its limits the townships of Fewston, Clifton-withNorwood, Great Timble, Blubberhouses, and Thruscross; embracing an area of upwards of 17,644 acres. The four first named townships are in the Wharfedale or Otley Poor Law Union. Thruscross is in that of Pateley Bridge.

When the Domesday survey was made Fewston was in the hands of the king, and is but very briefly described

"In Fostune, the king, three carucates. In Bestham, four carucates. In Bestham, is only wood pasture, half a mile long, and half broad."*

The name of Bestham has entirely disappeared from the map of the parish. In the Inquisition post mortem, on the decease of Richard, Earl of Cornwall, in 1299, is found Fostone-Bestaine among the possessions which he had held in the Forest of Knaresborough. In a survey of the forest made in 1613,

"Bawdwen's Dom. Boc.," p. 17.

+ In the Court Rolls of the Honour of Knaresborough, 16th Edward III. (1342), occurs the following entry, evidently referring to this place"Fratres domus Sancti Roberti" assert that they and their tenants "infra moram de Bestayne," were accustomed "de turbis fodiendis libere, etc., a tempore domini Edmundi comitis Cornubiæ, qui quidem comes dedit in excambium Fratribus prædictæ domus Sancti Roberti villam de Rouclif, cum pertinentiis, pro terris et tenementis suis in Hameswayt, cum pertineatiis et liberis consuetudinibus, aliquo modo et aliquo tempore prius usitat, et eodem modo clamant foditionem turbarum, etc."

we find it mentioned in connection with the Roman road,"Beeston Leaz, with a piece between Watling Street and it; containeth 69 acres." The next and last time we find it mentioned is in 1638, when Richard Bannister and others surrendered to Henry Fairfax, along with other lands, "one messuage called Beeston Leas, and half an acre of meadow." From the above description we are of opinion that Cragg Cottage now stands where Beeston once stood. There are three or four fields, through which the Roman road ran after passing Cragg Hall, which bear the name of the Leas Allotments.

Fewston is situate about seven miles west of Harrogate. The houses are scattered irregularly among gardens and small garths, along the edge and slope of a rather steep hill; the church standing pleasantly at the eastern extremity, overlooking a fine and close prospect of the valley of the Washburn. The builders of the village have had an eye more to the picturesque than the solid, for they have placed many of the houses on a continuously acting landslip; the action of which is obvious from the edge of the hill even down to the river. The field below the road is seamed and wrinkled all over its surface with waves, and swells of land which have moved from higher positions, and some of the houses near the upper margin of the moving mass, are cracked from top to bottom, and twisted out of shape from the same cause. This process appears to have been going on for a long time, and is yet in operation, depending for its speed on the rainfall; acting with greater force during a wet than a dry season.

Of the early history of this village hardly anything is known -if indeed there be anything to know-beyond the ordinary commonplace events of village life. Although the country almost immediately behind the site of the village was traversed

by the Roman road* from Isurium to Olicana, there does not appear to have been any settlement or post of that people within this parish. With the exception of the valley of the Washburn, the greater part of the land lay in a state of nature; grazed by a few hardy sheep, and the haunt of game and wild-fowl, and seldom trod except by the sportsman and the shepherd. Far from any town; the site of no old family mansion, or religious house, and out of the line of any of the great routes of traffic, it yields but little matter for the local historian.

In the year 1640, a number of soldiers were billeted in this parish. They formed part of that army which behaved so disgracefully before the Scots at Newburn-upon-Tyne; and contemptible as they were before their enemies, their pillaging propensities made them formidable to their friends. Their coming is thus described by Charles Fairfax, of Scough Hall, in this parish, in a letter to his brother, Lord Ferdinando Fairfax, dated January 6th, 1640. "Upon Christmas Eve was brought into the parish of Fewston, Captain Langley's company, heretofore billeted about Harrogate, but now unequally dispersed in that parish. They had no good report before they came, yet I hear not of any great enormity since their coming, though they be many weeks behind with their pay, for which they have their captain (a man of ill government, still at Harrogate), in suspicion. The lieutenant, Captain Rouse, a complete gentleman, who has served as major at the isle of Rhé, has a special care and vigilant eye on them. It is much to be feared we shall have ill neighbours in them, and when

Like many other Roman roads, this appears to have been called Watling Street; and the recollection is yet preserved in the name of a farmstead called " Watling Street House," which is close to the track of the old Roman road, as well as the present turnpike, on the left hand, between Dangerous Corner and the Hopper Lane Hotel.

their landlord's provision fail them, that they will cater for themselves."*

At what time a church was erected here we have no certain information. In 1351, it was appropriated to the house of St. Robert of Knaresborough, and a vicarage was ordained therein; which appears not to have been thought sufficient by the parties concerned, as the appropriation and ordination were repeated in 1381.

In the Valor of Pope Nicholas IV. (1292), the living is returned as worth £20 per annum, and in the Nova Taxatio, A.D. 1318, at only £6 13s. 4d.; for even this remote place did not escape the ravages of the Scots.

In Valor Ecclesiasticus (1536), the rectory held by the house. of St. Robert was returned as worth £11 6s. 6d. per annum, made up as follows

At the same time the vicar received an annual pension of £5, paid by the brethren of the said house of St. Robert.

On the enclosure of the Forest of Knaresborough, when lands were awarded in lieu of tithes, the Rev. John Whinnerah received for his claims the following allotments

The full particulars of this living are given in-"A true Terrier of all the glebe lands, messuages, tenements, portions of "Fairfax Correspondence," vol. ii., page 200.