ADDENDA [The following additions and corrections (with the exception of that to p. 93, which was inadvertently omitted) are taken from the seventh volume of the German edition (Gött., 1868). The Translator regrets that he only became cognisant of them too late to insert them in their proper places.] P. 14 note 3. As the Dul-kift is peculiarly closely connected in the Koran with Elijah and Elisha, the name would seem to have been originally applied to Obadiah, 1 Kings xviii. 3 sq., as the preserver of so many fugitives; subsequently, however, it was confounded with that of the prophet Obadiah.—A later narrative of the martyr-death of Ezekiel may be seen in Tischendorf's Apocal. Apocr. p. 66 sq. P. 74 note 3. Compare the seventy-seven years of the Ascensio Mosis. P. 80 sq. Cf. vol. ii. p. 335, and the brief remarks on Lam. iv. 21 in the Dichter des A. Bs. I. b, p. 345, 3rd ed. P. 83. The expression in the Ascensio Mosis, iv., ' unus qui est supra eos' probably designates Zerubbabel. P. 93 ad fin. To all these testimonies fresh evidence has lately been added from a totally different quarter. A modern Karaite, named Firkowitz, discovered a great number of very old Hebrew tomb-inscriptions in the Crimea, and made a large collection of them. For a considerable time our information was somewhat uncertain, but a few years ago nine of these very stones were sent to the Academy of St. Petersburg, and were somewhat more fully described by Dr. Ad. Neubauer in its Bulletin of March 16, 1868. The Israelites must have been regularly naturalised there at an early period, so that they even assumed quite Turkish names, like Toktamish and Severg'elein (i.e. Amabilis, a name of a woman). On these tomb-stones three chronologies appear. 1) The first starts from the Creation. In the Gött. Gel. Anz., 1863, p. 650, I expressed my conviction, àpropos of the fourth book of Ezra, that there is no reason for doubting that the chronology by the years of the world was already in use at the beginning of our era, an opinion which this discovery confirms. 2) The second chronology was reckoned by the years of our exile.' The comparison of two of the inscriptions transcribed in the communication above cited, where the date is given according to both computations, shows that this exile began in the year of the world 3215, and was therefore that of the Ten Tribes. 3) The third chronology differs from the first only by 251 years, and probably rests only on another calculation of the years of the world. It was called that of the ", which is abbreviated from Taman-Türk (the Turkish Taman in the Crimea); cf. in Fürst's Qaräern, vol. ii. p. 97. According to these data the oldest inscriptions would belong to the year 17 B.C. In any case we may expect further trustworthy information from this newly-opened source. We do not know when these Israelites began to reckon by either of these three chronologies; and it would be premature to endeavour to prove by the mere chronology according to the exile of the Ten Tribes that they were still at that time in all respects what they had formerly been in the kingdom of the Ten Tribes. But the importance of the discovery remains; and as these monuments exhibit essentially the square character, our previous remarks on this are confirmed.—Cf. Chwolson's Krimische Grabinschriften p. 73 sq., 94, with the Gött. Gel. Anz., 1866, p. 1241 sqq. [and see also Davidson on Ancient Tomb Inscriptions of the Crimean Jews, in the Theological Review, October, 1868-Transl.]. P. 96 note 3. To these may be added many other Samaritan localities indicated in Abulfatch's Ann. p. 132, 13 sq.; p. 133, 7 sqq. P. 100 note 7, line 9, the passage cited is from Jos. contr. Ap. i. 21. P. 107 note 1, ad fin. So in 3 Bar. (Dillmann's Chrest. Eth. p. 6, 12) Persia is put for Babylonia. P. 166 note 1. Cf. also Ta'anith iv. 5. P. 171 note 2. Cf. also 2 Bar. vi. P. 177 note 2, line 11. P. 206 note 2, line 5. P. 209 line 7. P. 213 note 2. Cf. the Propheten des A. Bs. iii. p. 216. For 'by a Christian' read 'in Christian times.' P. 225. Cf. the Numism. Chron., 1865, ii. pp. 126 sqq., 131 sqq. That the fragment attached to the book of Baruch belonged to this period, and that the Psalms of Solomon may also be ascribed to it, is explained in the Propheten des A. Bs. iii. p. 267 sqq. The language of Bar. v. 7 sq. is in reality an echo of Ps. Sol. xi. 5-7; and the piece in question may have been written only a little while after this book of Psalms, and then translated into Greek. P. 234 note 1. Cf. Jahrbb. der Bibl. Wiss. xi. p. 221 sq. P. 239. On the early dispersion of the Judeans in the most northerly Greek cities on the Black Sea, cf. L. Stephani in the Bulletin de l'Acad. de St. Pétersbourg, 1860, p. 244 sqq., Heidenheim's Vierteljahrsschr., 1866, p. 353, and Chwolson's Krimische Grabinschriften, pp. 59 sq., 71 sq., 93, 123 sq. P. 245 note 3. P. 266 note 3. P. 296 note 2. Cf. Chwolson's Krimische Grabinschriften, p. 55. Cf. Lebrecht's Kritische Lese (Berl. 1864), p. 19 sq. On the reference to Dan. xi. 21-24, see the Propheten des A. Bs. iii. p. 459. P. 301 note 1, line 15, for viii, 18 read viii. 16. P. 302. That our present book of Daniel was preceded by an older work may be recognised even by the words of Diod. Sic. Hist. xl. ad fin. The statement in this passage that the Persian Empire, and its successor, the Macedonian, were called the fourth, shows that the preceding series must have run either 1) the Assyrians, 2) the Chaldeans, 3) the Medes, and 4) the Persians; or 1) the Egyptians, 2) the Assyrians, 3) the Chaldeans, and 4) the Persians. The assertion, moreover, that the Judean customs had much changed, is evidently borrowed from this source. P. 311 note 3. P. 320 note 4. P. 343 note 1. Testament.' P. 345 line 6. Cf. Jahrbb. der Bibl. Wiss. v. p. 225 sq. Cf. the various readings in John v. 2, Gr. and Lat. Cf. Moses of Chorênê, Hist. ii. 2. P. 351. On the early movements of the Nabateans, cf. the observations in the Propheten des A. Bs. iii. pp. 222, 278. P. 352 note 3. A Zebina occurs in Euseb. Mart. Pal. p. 33 sqq. P. 358. There is a better description of the Basket-feast in Tischendorf's Philonea, pp. 69-71. See also the Gött. Gel. Anz., 1868, p. 1852 sqq. P. 367 note 5. See also no vii. 4 sqq., viii. 5, from which come the, Sur. ix. 11. The whole description of the Pharisees here given, particularly in their growing degeneration towards the time of Christ, receives the most complete confirmation from the Ascensio Mosis (especially cap. vii.), every touch of which disproves what certain writers of the present day have so zealously striven to establish, P. 370 note 2, line 14. With this also Abulfatch accords, Ann. p. 102, 11. P. 397. Cf. the statements in Epiphan., Haer. xx. 1. P. 401 note 4. Cf. the coins in Eckhel's Doctr. v. p. 131 sq. P. 406. The taxes mentioned in note 4 were still in force, according to Epiphan., Haer. li. 9 sq., 22 sq., after the battle of Actium. INDEX. ACC Accho, on the coast, restored by the Ptole- Achiab, cousin of Herod, prevents him Achiachar, mentioned in the book of Achior, an Ammonite prince in the book Acmê, a Judean servant of the Empress Acrabat, a city founded by the Idumeans, 81 Acrabattinê, district of Acrabat, 81; con- Adasa, Judas Maccabæus encamped at, Addita, Alexander Jannæus defeated at, Adida, a hill-town overlooking the plains Adonai, substitution of, for the name Jah- Adôra, south-west of Hebron, Tryphon Adramyttium, Judeans in, 239 Ahava, river, rendezvous appointed by Ahura-Mazdao, the supreme deity of the Alexander, story of his conquest of Darius and advance against Jerusalem, 214 ALE sq.; his treatment of the Samaritans, Alexander, son of Aristobulus, campaign Alexander, son of Mariamne, 438; mar- |