the origin of language, particularly figurative and allegorical language, and on Hebrew poetry and music; and, 2. On the nature, design, and authority of Solomon's Song. In pp. 100-109. is given an interesting account of nearly 40 expositors and commentators on this book. See a further account of this work in the Monthly Review, (N. S.) vol. xlvii. pp. 302-310.

167. Song of Songs, or Sacred Idyls. Translated from the original Hebrew, with Notes critical and explanatory. By John Mason GOOD. London, 1803. 8vo.

"The present work offers two versions of the original; the one in prose, marked with the divisions of the Bible version; the other in couplet verses, of no inferior construction. Each idyl is illustrated with notes, in which very various learning is displayed, with much taste in the selection of beautiful parallelisms from a great variety of authors. So much elegant learning and successful illustration we have seldom seen within so small a compass as the present volume." (British Critic, O. S. vol. xxvi. pp. 454, 455.) See also Monthly Review, N. S. vol, xlvii. pp. 302-312.)

168. Canticles, or Song of Solomon: a new Translation, with Notes, and an attempt to interpret the Sacred Allegories contained in that book. To which is added an Essay on the name and character of the Redeemer. By the Rev. John FRY, A.B. London, 1811. 8vo. 2d edit. 1825. 8vo.

In this publication the author's plan is, first to give an accurate translation of the Song of Solomon, and to show the nature and design of the book. He has availed himself of the labours of previous translators, especially Bishop Percy and Dr. J. M. Good; after the latter of whom he considers the Song of Solomon as a collection of idyls or little poems, which are designed for instruction and edification in the mysteries of our holy religion. Though the translator has taken much pains in consulting other writers, his work bears ample testimony that he has not servilely followed them, but has evidently thought for himself.

169. Canticum Canticorum illustratum ex Hierographia Orientalium, à J. H. KISTEMAKER. Münster, 1818. 8vo.

170. A Brief Outline of an Examination of the Song of Solomon; in which many beautiful Prophecies contained in that inspired Book of Holy Scripture are considered and explained, with Remarks critical and expository. By William DAVIDSON. London, 1817. 8vo.

The author of this work considers the Canticles as an inspired song wholly referring to the spiritual Solomon, or Christ, and his true spiritual church, and particularly to their espousals; and as giving a general prophetic outline of her history, from the preaching of John the Baptist, the baptism of our Lord, to the conversion of the Jews, and that of the wild Arabians, and their union with the Christian church. And while her particular, often invisible, progressive state here on earth is mentioned, and her duties are pointed out, her outward state, trials, and persecutions do not pass unnoticed. Mr. Davidson has consulted the previous labours of most of the commentators on this poem; and at the end of his volume he has divided it into hemistichs according to Dr. Kennicott's mode of printing the poetical parts of the Old Testament.

171. Canticum Canticorum. Præfatione, Versione Latina, et Commentario exegetico-critico, instruxit M. F. UHLEMANN. Lipsiæ, 1821. 8vo.

ON THE PROPHETS, GENERALLY.

172. Henrici Arentii HAMAKER Commentatio in Libellum de Vita et Morte Prophetarum, qui Græce circumfertur; sive Disputatio HistoricoChorographica de Locis, ubi Prophetæ Hebræorum nati et sepulti esse dicuntur. Amstelodami, 1833. 4to.

173. A Summary View and Explanation of the Writings of the Prophets. By John SMITH, D.D. Edinburgh and London, 1787. 12mo. A new Edition, London, 1835. 12mo.

This work is a judicious abstract of all that is valuable in the writings of Bishop Lowth, Archbishop Newcome, Bishop Newton, and Drs. Kennicott and Blayney: it was originally compiled to accompany a Gaelic version of the Prophets, and was subsequently translated into English by the author himself. The writer of this account was informed many years since by one of the original London publishers (Mr. Kay, of the firm of Elliot and Kay, in the Strand), that Dr. Moore, at that time Archbishop of Canterbury, held this little work

in great estimation, and was in the habit of purchasing copies for gratuitous distribution among students and others who could not afford to buy many books. The London edition of 1835 is very neatly printed: it was edited, with an introductory notice, by the Rev. Peter Hall, M. A.

174. Les Prophètes, nouvellement traduits sur l'Hébreu, avec des Explications et Notes Critiques. [Par le Président AGIER.] viz.

Isaïe. Paris, 1820. 2 tomes 8vo.

Jérémie, avec une Appendice. Paris, 1821. 2 parties 8vo.

The appendix to this Version of the Predictions of Jeremiah contains the Lament-
ations, and the Apocryphal book of Baruch.

Ezéchiel. Paris, 1821. 2 tomes 8vo.
Daniel. Paris, 1822. 2 tomes 8vo.

Petits Prophètes. Paris, 1822. 2 tomes 8vo.

175. A Commentary on the Prophecies and the New Testament; with an Epitome of Antient History, Sacred and Profane, by way of Prelude. Printed with the Text. By John Webb COLE. London, 1826. 2 vols. 8vo.

176. A New Translation of the Hebrew Prophets, arranged in Chronological Order. By George R. NOYES. Boston [Massachussetts], 1833-37. 3 vols. 8vo.

Mr. Noyes has here followed the same plan which he adopted in his new translation of the Psalms (see No. 124. p.280. of this Appendix); and has diligently availed himself of all the best critical aids. The notes are very brief; but it is to be regretted" that some things are to be found in them, which show that Mr. Noyes has a very low opinion of the inspiration of the Bible, and which will preclude a large class of readers from obtaining much instruction from what is really valuable." (American Biblical Repository, vol. xi. (Jan. 1838,) p. 260.)

177. Christologie des Alten Testaments und Commentar über die Messianischen Weissagungen der Propheten. Von E. W. HENGSTENBERG. Berlin, 1829-35. 3 vols. 8vo.

Professor Hengstenberg has long been known in Germany, as one of the ablest and most learned defenders of orthodox and pious Christianity, against the unhallowed and rash criticisms of the modern neologians of that country. The first volume contains the general introduction, Messianic prophecies in the Pentateuch and in the Psalms, the Godhead of the Messiah in the Old Testament, the proofs of a suffering and atoning Messiah, &c., and the Messianic prophecies in Isaiah. The second volume embraces the seventy weeks of Daniel and the book of Zechariah; and the third comprises the Messianic predictions in Hosea, Joel, Amos, Haggai, Malachi, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel.

178. Christology of the Old Testament, and a Commentary on the predictions of the Messiah by the Prophets. By E. W. Hengstenberg, D.D., Professor of Theology in the University of Berlin. Translated from the German by Reuel KEITH, D.D. Alexandria, D [istrict of] C [olumbia.] Vol. I. 1836.

This volume corresponds with the first volume of Dr. Hengstenberg's original treatise. "The translator has accomplished his work in a faithful and scholarlike manner. (Andover Biblical Repository, Oct. 1886, p. 504.) It is to be hoped that Dr. Keith will be encouraged to complete his arduous and valuable undertaking.

ISAIAH.

179. A Commentary on the Prophet Isaiah, wherein the Literal Sense of his Prophecies is briefly explained. By Samuel WHITE. 1709. 4to.

London,

180. Campegii VITRINGE Commentarius in Librum Prophetiarum Jesaiæ. Leovardiæ, 1714, and 1720. 2 vols. folio.

In this most elaborate Commentary on the "Evangelical Prophet," to which all subsequent expositors have been deeply indebted, the literal sense is carefully investigated; the different interpretations of the prophetic visions are examined; and the interpretation which

Vitringa has deduced from them is confirmed and illustrated by historical documents. Copious prolegomena are prefixed, treating of the prophet's personal history, the argument of his prophecy, his style, time of writing, and canonical authority. The value of the work is further augmented by the geographical and historical notices interspersed throughout, concerning the Babylonians, Philistines, Moabites, Syrians of Damascus, Egyptians, Tyrians, and other Gentile nations; by which not only Isaiah, but also very many other passages of Scripture are admirably elucidated.

181. Isaiah: a New Translation, with a preliminary Dissertation, and Notes critical, philological, and explanatory. By Robert Lowтн, D.D.

Bishop of London. 4to. London, 1778. 2 vols. 8vo.

Of this sublime and admirably executed version, a German translation was published by M. Koppe, at Gottingen, 1779-1781, in 4 vols. 8vo. The preliminary dissertation is invaluable for the light it throws on the genius and structure of prophetic poesy. The merits of this work are ably appreciated in the British Critic, O. S. vol. xxix. pp. 144-146.; and the integrity of the Hebrew text was asserted against some of the Bishop's corrections in a tract that is now of rare occurrence, by Koecher, in his Vindicia Sacri Textus Hebræi Esaiæ adversus Lowth Criticam, 8vo. Bern, 1786, reprinted at Tubingen in 1790. The rarity of Koecher's book, however, is no great loss to the student; for the late eminent learned orientalist, the professor Henry Albert Schultens (of Leyden), speaking of his book, says: "It violates the bounds of moderation and decency by the assertion that the text of Isaiah would not gain any thing by Dr. Lowth's conjectures. I am of a very different opinion. When in Oxford and London, I was intimately acquainted with Bishop Lowth, and had an opportunity of knowing his excellent disposition; and am therefore much vexed that Koecherus, from his fiery zeal against innovations, should have been induced to treat him with severity, as if the Bishop had been a rash and petulant critic." (Letter of Professor Schultens to the late Dr. Finlay of Glasgow, cited in the Monthly Review, N. S. vol. xv. p. 504.) Bishop Lowth's version was attacked by the late Mr. Dodson, in his supplementary notes to his "New Translation of Isaiah," (8vo. London, 1790), with considerable asperity. The Bishop was ably vindicated by the Rev. Dr. Sturges, in "Short Remarks on a New Translation of Isaiah" (8vo. London, 1790): to these Mr. Dodson replied in 1791, in a "Letter to the Rev. Dr. Sturges," in which he justifies the freedom with which he had censured Bishop Lowth's mistakes and defects. Mr. D.'s version and notes were framed in support of modern Socinian tenets, and were published by the (Socinian) "Society for promoting the Knowledge of the Scriptures." Some further "Remarks on the Principles adopted by Bishop Lowth in correcting the Text of the Hebrew Bible" were published by the Rev. J. ROGERS, M. A. at Oxford, in 1832. 12mo.

182. Esaias ex Recensione Textus Hebræi, ad fidem quorundam Codd. MSS. et Verss. Latine, vertit, Notasque varii argumenti subjecit, J. C. DOEDERLEIN. Norimbergæ, 1789. 3d edition, 8vo.

The first edition was published at Altdorf, in 8vo. 1780; the critical notes are excellent. 183. The Book of the Prophet Isaiah, in Hebrew and English. The Hebrew Text metrically arranged; the Translation altered from that of Bishop Lowth. By the Right Rev. Joseph STOCK, D.D. Bishop of Killala,

1804. 4to.

66

"The right reverend translator had conceived a wish to see the original language of Isaiah reduced to a metrical arrangement, and to have this accompanied with the version of Bishop Lowth, reserving to himself the liberty of adding such corrections as later critics, or his own investigations, might supply. These corrections multiplied to such a degree as to assume almost the form of a new version. There is also a variety of notes critical and explanatory, supplied partly by the translator and partly by others. Many of these are very valuable for their uncommon depth and acuteness, and tend to elucidate, in a high degree, the subject matter of these prophecies." (British Critic, vol. xxviii. O. S. p. 466.) Bishop Stock's version is by no means to be considered as an attempt to rival or to supersede that of Dr. Lowth. Both versions exhibit a close, nervous, and manly style. That of Dr. Lowth may, by every class of readers be perused with profit. Superadded to this, Dr. Stock invites the Hebrew scholar to investigate and to compare, by the Hebrew and the English meeting the eye in the same page; and may tempt even the careless to know something of that language, in which the oracles of God were originally conveyed." (British Critic, O. S. vol. xxix. p. 146. See also the Monthly Review, N. S. vol. xlix. pp. 253-265.)

184. The Book of the Prophet Isaiah, translated from the Hebrew Text of Vander Hooght. By the Rev. John JONES, M.A. Oxford and London,

1830. 12mo.

This version is made from the Hebrew text of Vander Hooght's edition of the Bible,

which may now be regarded as the received Hebrew text.

In the elucidation of obscu

rities, the translator has diligently compared the versions and illustrations of Schmidt, De Dieu, Vitringa, Bishops Lowth and Stock, Dathe, Rosenmüller, Gesenius, and others; and he states that he is indebted to the late distinguished orientalist, the Rev. Dr. Nicoll, for his kind and able assistance. No notes or criticisms accompany this translation. "On the whole, we consider it to be a valuable specimen of translation. The language of our authorised version is retained, where no change was absolutely required; the style is spirited and fluent throughout, and numerous passages, which have either been misconceived or badly expressed by former translations, are here presented to the view in harmony with the circumstances of the connection in which they occur, and adapted to easy and general comprehension." (Congregational Magazine, vol. xiv. p. 357.)

185. The Book of the Prophet Isaiah, translated from the Hebrew, with Critical and Practical Remarks: to which is prefixed a Preliminary Dissertation on the Nature and Use of Prophecy. By the Rev. Alfred JENOUR. London, 1831. 2 vols. 8vo.

This is confessedly the best translation of Isaiah extant in the English language. The object of Mr. Jenour is to render his predictions more generally interesting than they ordinarily prove to the English reader. With this view he has endeavoured to combine the advantages of a critical and devotional commentary together with a new version and a metrical arrangement. His work is divided into sections, to each of which is prefixed a summary of its contents; then follow the version and explanatory notes, the practical remarks and the critical notes. Occasionally, the sections are divided into interlocutory parts. “What constitutes the most valuable part of the work, are the explanatory and practical remarks, with which each section is accompanied......While the author throws light on numerous passages of this antient book, which relate to people and places that have long since vanished from the theatre of human affairs, he brings forward much important matter, calculated to rouse the conscience, and to purify, console, and strengthen the heart. (Congregational Magazine, June, 1831, vol. xiv. p. 355.) "We cordially recommend the work to all of our readers, who may wish to possess the inspired productions of the greatest of the antient prophets, excellently translated, and accompanied with a judicious and instructive commentary.” (Eclectic Review, November, 1831, p. 421.)

186. Prophéties d'Isaïe, traduites en Français, avec des Notes. [Par M. PRUNELLE DE LIÈRE.] Paris, 1823. 8vo.

187. Caroli Ludovici HOHEISELII Observationes Philologico-Exegetica: quibus nonnulla dvovonra Esaia loca, ex indole linguæ sanctæ, ex accentuatione Ebræorum, et antiquitatibus, illustrantur et exponuntur, aliorumque versiones et interpretationes modeste examinantur. Gedani, 1729. 8vo.

188. A Commentary on the Fifty-third Chapter of Isaiah. By S. HARRIS, D.D. London, 1739. 4to.

189. Animadversiones Philologico-Critica in Loca difficiliora Jesaiæ; quibus præstantissimorum Interpretum sententias exponit, suam novamque proponit Josephus Fridericus SCHELLING. Lipsiæ, [1797.] 8vo.

190. Critical Disquisitions on the Eighteenth Chapter of Isaiah, in a Letter to Edward King, Esq., F.R.S. A.S. By Samuel [HORSLEY], Lord Bishop of Rochester, F.R.S. A.S. London, 1801. 4to.

191. N. G. SCHROEDERI Commentarius Philologico-Criticus de Vestitu Mulierum Hebræarum, ad Jesai. III. v. 16–24, quo vocabulorum abstrusiorum tenebras, ad facem dialectorum, discutere conatus est. Lug. Bat. 1745. 4to. 192. Everhardi SCHEIDII Dissertatio Philologico-Exegetica ad Canticum Hiskiæ, Jes. xxxvii. 9-20. Lug. Bat. 1769. 8vo.

JEREMIAH, AND LAMENTATIONS.

193. A Translation of the Lamentations of Jeremiah, accompanied by short notes, is given in the second tome or part of the works of Mr. Hugh BROUGHTON, pp. 317-323. folio.

194. Hermanni VENEMA Commentarius ad Librum Prophetiarum Jeremiæ. Quo Conciones rite distinguuntur; Scopus, Nexus, et Series Sermonis accurate investigatur; perpetua Paraphrasi exponitur; et selectis Observatis

Voces ac Phrases illustrantur, ac Implementi demonstratione, ubi opus fuerit, confirmantur. Leovardiæ, 1765. 2 parts 4to.

195. Jeremiah, and Lamentations: a new translation, with Notes critical, philological, and explanatory. By Benjamin BLAYNEY, D.D. Oxford, 1784. 4to. Edinburgh, 1810. 8vo.

This work is executed on the same plan as Bishop Lowth's version of Isaiah; "and, though not with equal success, yet with much credit to the author, both as a translator and a critic. His subject is not of equal eminence with that which was undertaken by the Bishop. It has less variety in the matter, and contains a less fund for curious inquiry and critical illustration. The translation is very exact, and preserves the tone and majesty of sacred writing. The notes are very copious. Many of them are very useful, and some discover much critical knowledge in the Hebrew language, and a good acquaintance with antient history. The various readings are noticed with the most scrupulous exactness: conjectural emendation is sometimes hazarded, but not rashly or injudiciously.' (Monthly Review, O. S. vol. Ixxi. pp. 162, 163.) Besides a valuable preliminary discourse, there is an appendix, comprising a selection from Archbishop Secker's manuscript notes (now deposited in the archiepiscopal library at Lambeth), relative to the prophecy and lamentations of Jeremiah.

196. J. D. MICHAELIS Observationes Philologicæ et Critica in Jeremiæ Vaticinia et Threnos. Edidit, multisque animadversionibus auxit, Joh. Frid. SCHLEUsner. Gottingen, 1793. 4to.

These observations were collected from the loose papers of that late eminent scholar, J. D. Michaelis, by Professor Schleusner, with many additional remarks by the latter. M. Schleusner in the same year published, at Tubingen, in 4to. Dissertationes Tres, quæ continent Observationes ad Vaticinia Jeremiæ.

197. Jeremias Vates, è Versione Judæorum Alexandrinorum, ac reliquorum Interpretum Græcorum emendatus, Notisque criticis illustratus à G. L. SPOHN. Vol. I. Lipsiæ, 1794. Vol. II. Lipsiæ, 1823. 8vo.

A continuation of the first volume of these illustrations of Jeremiah is given in Pott's and Ruperti's Sylloge Commentationum Theologicarum. These are enlarged and completed in the second volume, which was published, after the author's death, by his son, F. A. W. Spohn.

198. Jérémie, traduit sur le Texte Original, accompagné des Notes explicatives, historiques, et critiques. Par Jean-George DAHLER. Strasbourg, 1825-30. 2 vols. 8vo.

Professor Dahler has conferred a considerable service on biblical literature by this translation of the predictions of Jeremiah. The historical parts are printed as prose; the poetical parts are in hemistichs, as in the original Hebrew. The introduction and notes are very judicious.

199. Commentarii in aliquot Jeremiæ Loca. Auctore T. ROORDA. Groninga, 1825. 8vo.

200. De utriusque Recensionis Vaticiniorum Jeremiæ, Græcæ Alexandrinæ et Hebraiæ Masoreticæ, indole et Origine Commentatio Critica. Scripsit Franciscus Carolus MoVERS. Hamburgi, 1837. 4to.

201. Jeremias Librorum Sacrorum Interpres atque Vindex. Scripsit Augustus KUEPER. Berolini, 1837. 8vo.

202. Threni Jeremiæ philologice et critice illustrati à Joh. Henr. PAREAU. Lugd. Bat. 1793. 8vo.

203. Threnos Jeremiæ et Vaticinium Nahumi metrice reddidit, Notisque Philologicis illustravit, C. A. BIORN. Hauniæ, 1814. 8vo.

204. Lamentationes Jeremiæ criticè et exegeticè illustratæ, cum præmissis disputationibus historico-criticis tribus: auctore Chr. H. KALKAR. Hafniæ, 1836. 8vo.

205. Curæ Exegetico-Criticæ in Jeremiæ Threnos; auctore Fr. ERDMANN. Rostochii, 1819. 8vo.