Iraq Between the Two World Wars: The Militarist Origins of TyrannyColumbia University Press, 2004 - 235 pagina's Why did a group from the Iraqi army seize control of the government and wage a disastrous war against Great Britain, rejecting British and liberal values for those of a militaristic Germany? What impact did these actions have on the thirty-year regime of Saddam Hussein? Departing from previous studies explaining modern Iraqi history in terms of class theory, Reeva Simon shows that cultural and ideological factors played an equal, if not more important, role in shaping events. In 1921 the British created Iraq, and an entourage of ex-Ottoman army officers, the Sharifians, became the new ruling elite. Simon contends that this elite, returning to an Iraq made up of different ethnic, religious, and social groups, had to weld these disparate elements into a nation. Pan-Arabism was to be the new ideological source of unity and loyalty. Schools and the army became the means through which to implant it, and a series of military coups gave the officers the chance to act in its name. The result was an abortive revolt against Britain in 1941. And the legacy of the revolt is still apparent in the next two generations of Iraqi officers that led to the regime of Saddam Hussein. This updated edition locates the sources of Iraqi nationalism in the experience of these ex-Ottoman army officers who used the emergent pan-Arabism to weld a disparate population into a nation. Simon shows that the relationships forged between Iraqi officers and Germans in Istanbul before WWI left deep legacies that go a long way toward explaining the disastrous war against Great Britain in 1941, the rejection of liberal values, the revolution of 1958 in which the military finally seized power, and the outlook of the leadership recently overthrown by American and British armies. |
Overige edities - Alles bekijken
Iraq Between the Two World Wars: The Militarist Origins of Tyranny Reeva S. Simon Gedeeltelijke weergave - 2004 |
Iraq Between the Two World Wars: The Militarist Origins of Tyranny Reeva Spector Simon Gedeeltelijke weergave - 2004 |
Iraq Between the Two World Wars: The Militarist Origins of Tyranny Reeva S. Simon Geen voorbeeld beschikbaar - 2004 |
Veelvoorkomende woorden en zinsdelen
Abdülhamid II al-‘Iraq al-‘Iraqiyyah al-Husri al-Jamali al-Midfa‘i al-Miqdadi al-Sabbagh al-Suwaydi Amin anti-British Arab nationalism Arab nationalist Archives RG 84 Assyrian Ba‘th Baghdad Bakr Sidqi Basra Britain British coup cultural curriculum Elie Kedourie Faysal Four Colonels French German Ghazi Grobba Hanna Batatu Hikmat Sulayman Husayn Ibid ideology Independent Iraq Iraq’s Iraqi army Iraqi officers Istanbul Jamali Jewish Kedourie Khadduri king Knabenshue to Secretary leader Mahmud Marr Middle East military Minister of Defense Minister of Interior Ministry of Education Mosul Mudhakkirati Mufti Muhammad Naji Naji Shawkat National Archives RG Nuri al-Sa‘id Nuri’s Office officer ofIraq Ottoman Empire Palestine Palestinian pan-Arab political Prime Minister propaganda Rashid Ali al-Kaylani revolt role Saddam Hussein Salah al-Din Sami Shawkat Sati secondary school shaykhs Shi‘i social Sunni Arab Syria Ta’rikh Taha al-Hashimi teachers tion treaty tribal Turkey Turkish U.S. Dept U.S. National Archives unity World Yasin al-Hashimi youth