20. QUERCUS RUBRA. Linnæus

Quercus longe petiolatis, glabris 7-9 lobis; lobis brevibus, dentibus angulisve acutissimis, sinubus subacutis: fructu majusculo; cupula scutellata sublævi; glande turgida, ovata, tab. 35 and 36. Michaux J. A. Michaux. 1.1.103. * I. Wangenheim, 14. t. 3. f. 7.

tab.20.

ARBORETUM, HORTUS GLASNEVINENSIS.

Chéne Rouge.

Red Oak.

HEIGHT: from 90 to 100 feet; its growth rapid. LEAVES sinuated, not so deeply cut as the two former species, with 7 or 9 lobes, teeth or angles very acute, sinuses likewise acute, sometimes obtuse, leafstalks or petioli very long.

FRUCTIFICATION

Willd. Sp. Plant. v. 4. 445. spec. 53.

Q. Foliis oblongis obtuse sinuatis glabris, lobis acutiusculis dentatis acutis setaceo-mucronatis, calycibus fructus subtus planis.

The younger Michaux found a variety of the red oak at New Jersey, the acorns of which were swelled in the middle; and by the same information it appears, that the Q. rubra, or red oak is common in many parts of America; on the road to Carlisle and Philadelphia it occurs of very great height. He observes, that it is not known to many people in Europe, that vessels of considerable tonnage are built at Pittsburgh and on the Ohio. The timbers employed in their construction consist chiefly. of this oak, the white, and the Quer citron oak.

FRUCTIFICATION: Fruit rather large: cup sau cer-shaped, a little smooth: acorn oval and

short.

COUNTRY. From Canada to Georgia, and all the countries to the west of the Allegany mountains.

ARBORETUM, HORTUS GLASNEVINENSIS.

It is one of the species of oak, worthy of being cultivated, and with advantage in every part of Europe. The wood, though inferior in quality to that of the white oak, is however much employed for carpentry and cartwright's work. Its bark is preferred to every other species for tanning-the European tanners settled in the United States observe, that it contains a much more active tanning principle, than the bark of the European oaks generally employed for that purpose. Michaux saw it growing from Malbaye, 28 leagues to the north east of Quebec, as far as the mouth of the Ohio; in the northern states, in Virginia, Kentucky, the state of Tennassee, and in the upper part of both Carolinas; it is more rarely to be met with in the lower parts of these two states-grows rapidly in sandy, ochry (ferrugineux) and cold grounds. Those, which Michaux sent from America, and which were planted at Rambouillet to the number of many thousands, grew most rapidly, arriving to the height of above 30 feet in less than ten years;

f 2

years; it must be observed however, that they were transplanted twice.

This oak is naturalized on the lands of Duhamel, for it bears fruit every year in this situation, and reproduces without cultivation.

Plucknet is the first who has given a figure of this species. Catesby, who knew nothing about it, has applied the synonyms of Plucknet to a very different species; even the synonyms of Linnæus are incorrect, because they may agree with many other species.

APPENDIX.