202 Steele, T.

203 Addison

204 Steele, Т.

205 Addison

206 Steele, Т. 207 Addison

208 Steele, Т.

209 Addison

210 John Hughes

265 Addison

266 Steele, т.

267 Addison

Heywood*

317 The same as 311 etc.

318 Steele

319 Eustace Budgell

320 Steele, т.

321 Addison

322 Steele

323 The same as 317, etc

324 Steele

325 Eustace Budgell

326 Steele, Т.

327 Addison

328 Steele, т.

329 The same as 317, etc.

330 Steele

331 Eustace Budgell

332 Steele

333 Addison

334 Steele

335 The same as 329, etc.

336 Steele

337 Eustace Budgell

338 *

and 271

276 Steele, Т.

277 Eustace Budgell

345 Addison

346 Steele, Т.

347 Eustace Budgell

XXXI

369 Addison; omitted in 4to. 444

Baskerville

"

445 Addison

370 Steele

446 "

517 Addison

518 The Letter, Orator Henley

519 Addison

520 Francham

521 Steele, T.

522

378 The Messiah, Pope

454 Steele

530

"

379 Eustace Budgell

380 Steele, Т.

381 Addison

457 Addison

533 “

382 Steele, Т.

383 Addison

458 "

534 "

459 "

535 Addison

536

537 John Hughes

538 Addison

539 Eustace Budgell

540 Steele, T.

541 John Hughes

542 Addison

391 Addison

467 John Hughes

543

392 Steele, T.

468 Steele

544 Steele

393 Addison

469 Addison

394 Steele, T.

470 "

395 Eustace Budgell

396 The Letter, Orator Henley 472 Steele

548 *

397 Addison

473

"

545 "

546 "

547 Addison

549 Addison

550 "

551 *

552 Steele, T.

553 *

554 John Hughes

555 Henry Martyn

556 Addison

407 Addison

408 Pope

409 Addison

483

484 Steele, T.

485 Steele

410 Tickell

486 "

411 Addison

487 Addison

562 "

488 "

563 *

564 *

565 Addison

415

491 "

492

403 "

566 *

567 Addison

568

569

MY LORD,

TO LORD JOHN SOMERS,

BARON OF EVESHAM.

None but a person of a finished character can be a proper patron of a work which endeavors to cultivate and polish human life, by promoting virtue and knowledge, ledge, and by recommending whatsoever may be either useful or ornamental to society.

I know that the homage I now pay you, is offering a kind of violence to one who is as solicitous to shun applause, as he is assiduous to deserve it. But, my Lord, this is perhaps the only particular in which your prudence will be always disappointed.

While justice, candor, equanimity, a zeal for the good of your country, and the most persuasive eloquence in bringing over others to it, are valuable distinctions: you are not to expect that the public will so far comply with your inclinations as to forbear celebrating such extraordinary qualities. It is in vain that you have endeavored to conceal your share of merit in the many national services which you have effected. Do what you will, the present age will be talking of your virtues, though posterity alone will do them justice.

Other men pass through oppositions and contending interests in the ways of ambition; but your great abilities have been invited to power, and importuned to accept of advancement. Nor is it strange that this should happen to your Lordship, who could bring into the service of your sovereign the arts and policies of ancient Greece and Rome, as well as the most exact knowledge of our own constitution in particular, and of the interests of Europe in general; to which I must also add, a certain dignity in yourself, that (to say the least of it) has been always equal to those great honors which have been conferred upon you.

It is very well known how much the church owed to you, in the most dangerous day it ever saw, that of the arraignment of its prelates; and how far the civil power, in the late and present reign, has been indebted to your counsels and wisdom. But to enumerate the great advantages which the public has received from your administration would be a more proper work for a history, than for an address of this nature.

Your Lordship appears as great in your private life, as in the most important offices which you

have borne. I would, therefore, rather choose to speak of the pleasure you afford all who are admitted to your conversation, of your elegant taste in all the polite arts of learning, of your great humanity and complacency of manners, and of the surprising influence which is peculiar to you, in making every one who converses with your Lordship prefer you to himself, without thinking the less meanly of his own talents. But if I should take notice of all that might be observed in your Lordship, I should have nothing noth new to say upon any other character of distinction.

I am, my Lord,
Your Lordship's most devoted,
Most obedient humble servant,
THE SPECTATOR.

TO CHARLES LORD HALIFAX.

MY LORD,

SIMILITUDE of manners and studies is usually mentioned as one of the strongest motives to affection and esteem; but the passionate veneration I have for your Lordship, I think flows from an admiration of qualities in you, of which, in the whole course of these papers, I have acknowledged myself incapable. While I busy myself as a stranger upon earth, and can pretend to no other than being a looker-on, you are conspicuous in the busy and polite world-both in the world of men, and that of letters. While I am silent and unobserved in public meetings, you are admired by all that approach you, as the life and genius of the conversation. What a happy conjunction of different talents meets in him whose whole discourse is at once animated by the strength and force of reason, and adorned with all the graces and embellishments of wit! When learning irradiates common life, it is then in its highest use and perfection; and it is to such as your Lordship, that the sciences owe the esteem which they have with the active part of mankind. Knowledge of books, in recluse men, is like that sort of lantern which hides him who carries it, and serves only to pass through secret and gloomy paths of his own; but in the possession of a man of business, it is as a torch in the hand of one who is willing and able to show those who were bewildered the way which leads to their prosperity and welfare. A generous concern for your country, and a passion for everything that is truly great and noble, are what actuate all your life and actions; and I hope you will forgive me when I have an ambition this book may be placed in the library of so good a judge of

is such, that it will not be a disparagement to be the meanest author in it. Forgive me, my Lord, for taking this occasion of telling all the world how ardently I love and honor you; and that I am, with the utmost gratitude for all your favors, My Lord, your Lordship's most obliged,

SIR,

Most obedient, and most humble servant, THE SPECTATOR.

TO THE RIGHT HON. HENRY BOYLE.*
1712.

As the professed design of this work is to entertain its readers in general, without giving offense to any particular person, it would be difficult to find out so proper a patron for it as yourself, there being none whose merit is more universally acknowledged by all parties and who has made him self more friends, and fewer enemies. Your great abilities and unquestioned integrity in those high employments which you have passed through, would not have been able to have raised you this general approbation, had they not been accompanied with that moderation in a high fortune, and that affability of manners, which are so conspicuous through all parts of your life. Your aversion to any ostentatious arts of setting to show those great services which you have done the public, has not likewise a little contributed to that universal acknowledgment which is paid you by your country.

The consideration of this part of your character, is that which hinders me from enlarging on those extraordinary talents, which have given you so great a figure in the British senate, as well as on that elegance and politeness which appear in your more retired conversation. I should be unpardonable if, after what I have said, I should longer detain you with an address of this nature: I can not, however, conclude it, without acknowledging those great obligations which you have laid upon, Sir, your most obedient, humble servant,

THE SPECTATOR.

As it is natural for us to have fondness for what has cost us much time and attention to produce, I hope your grace will forgive my endeavor to preserve this work from oblivion, by affixing to it your memorable name,

I shall not here presume to mention the illustrious passages of your life, which are celebrated by the whole age, and have been the subject of the most sublime pens; but if I could convey you to posterity in your private character, and described the stature, the behavior, and aspect, of the Duke of Marlborough, I question not but it would fill the reader with more agreeable images, and give him a more delightful entertainment, than what can be found in the following, or any other book.

One cannot indeed without offense to yourself observe, that you excel the rest of mankind in the least, as well as the greatest endowments. Nor were it a circumstance to be mentioned, if the graces and attractions of your person were not the only pre-eminence you have above others, which is left almost unobserved by greater writers.

Yet how pleasing would it be to those who shall read the surprising revolutions in your story, to be made acquainted with your ordinary life and

that the same man who carried fire and sword into the countries of all that had opposed the cause of liberty, and struck a terror into the armies of France, had, in the midst of his high station, a behavior as gentle as is usual in the first steps toward greatness! And if it were possible to express that easy grandeur, which did at once persuade and command; it would appear as clearly to those to come, as it does to his cotemporaries, that all the great events which were brought to pass under the conduct of so well-governed a spirit, were the blessings of heaven upon wisdom and valor; and all which seem adverse fell out by divine permission, which we are not to search into.

You have passed that year of life wherein the most able and fortunate captain, before your time, declared he had lived long enough both to nature and to glory; and your Grace may make that reflection with much more justice. He spoke of it after he had arrived at empire by a usurpation upon those whom he had enslaved; but the Prince of Mindelheim may rejoice in a sovereignty which was the gift of him whose dominions he had preserved.

Glory established upon the uninterrupted success of honorable designs and actions, is not subject to diminution; nor can any attempt prevail

against it, but in the proportion which the

the narrow circuit of rumor bears to the unlimited extent of fame.

We may congratulate your Grace not only upon your high achievements, but likewise upon the happy expiration of your command, by which your glory is put out of the power of fortune: and when your person shall be so too, that the Author and Disposer of all things may place you in that higher mansion of bliss and immortality which is prepared for good princes, lawgivers, and heroes, when he in his due time removes them from the envy of mankind, is the hearty prayer of, My Lord. your Grace's most obedient, Most devoted, humble servant,

THE SPECTATOR

THE author of the Spectator, having prefixed before each of his volumes the names of some great persons to whom he has particular obligations, lays his claim to your Lordship's patronage upon the same account. I must confess, my Lord, had not I already received great instances of your favor, I should have been afraid of submitting a work of this nature to your perusal. You are so thoroughly acquainted with the characters of men, and all the parts of human life, that it is impossible for the least misrepresentation of them to escape your notice. It is your Lordship's particular distinction that you are master of the whole compass of business, and have signalized yourself in all the different scenes of it. We admire some for the dignity, others for the popularity of their behavior; some for their clearness of judgment, others for their happiness of expression; some for the laying of schemes, and others for the putting of them into execution. It is your Lordship only who enjoys these several talents united, and that too in as great perfection as others possess them singly. Your enemies acknowledge this great extent in your Lordship's character, at the same time that they use their utmost industry and invention to derogate from it. But it is for your honor that those who are now your enemies were always so. You have acted in so much consistency with yourself, and promoted the interest of your country